Qino: Difference between revisions
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**Absolutive ending in consonant or ''-a'': ''-oó'' - e.g. ''nama'' → ''namoó'' | **Absolutive ending in consonant or ''-a'': ''-oó'' - e.g. ''nama'' → ''namoó'' | ||
**Absolutive ending in other short vowel: lengthen final vowel + final high tone - e.g. ''shimmírti'' → ''shimmirtií'' | **Absolutive ending in other short vowel: lengthen final vowel + final high tone - e.g. ''shimmírti'' → ''shimmirtií'' | ||
**Absolutive ending in long vowel: ''- | **Absolutive ending in long vowel: ''-s'' | ||
**Independent form: ''oó'' | **Independent form: ''oó'' | ||
*'''Ablative''': Used for source ("from"). | *'''Ablative''': Used for source ("from"). | ||
**Absolutive ending in consonant: ''-áh'' | **Absolutive ending in consonant: ''-áh'' | ||
**Absolutive ending in vowel: '' | **Absolutive ending in vowel: ''-́h'' | ||
**Independent form: ''áh'' | **Independent form: ''áh'' | ||
*'''Instrumental''': Used for instrument, means, agent, cause, time. | *'''Instrumental''': Used for instrument, means, agent, cause, time. | ||
**Absolutive ending in consonant: ''-ás'' | **Absolutive ending in consonant: ''-ás'' | ||
**Absolutive ending in vowel: '' | **Absolutive ending in vowel: ''-́s'' | ||
**Independent form: ''ás'' | **Independent form: ''ás'' | ||
*'''Comitative''': Used for accompaniment ("in company with"). | *'''Comitative''': Used for accompaniment ("in company with"). | ||
**Absolutive ending in consonant: ''-ál'' | **Absolutive ending in consonant: ''-ál'' | ||
**Absolutive ending in vowel: '' | **Absolutive ending in vowel: ''-́l'' | ||
**Independent form: ''ál'' | **Independent form: ''ál'' | ||
*'''Locative''': Used for location. For more specific location, postpositions are used. | *'''Locative''': Used for location. For more specific location, postpositions are used. | ||
**Absolutive ending in consonant: ''-ád'' | **Absolutive ending in consonant: ''-ád'' | ||
**Absolutive ending in vowel: '' | **Absolutive ending in vowel: ''-́d'' | ||
**Independent form: ''ád'' | **Independent form: ''ád'' | ||
====Number==== | ====Number==== | ||
The citation form is unmarked for number. The singulative is formed with suffixes such as ''-sha, -ha, -ka, -iccha, -ta'' (masculine) or ''-ti, -itti'' (feminine). The plural is formed with suffixes such as ''-oota, -ani, -aani, -ooni, -ooCi'', etc. | The citation form is unmarked for number. The singulative is formed with suffixes such as ''-sha, -ha, -ka, -iccha, -ta'' (masculine) or ''-ti, -itti'' (feminine). The plural is formed with suffixes such as ''-oota, -ani, -aani, -ooni, -ooCi'', etc. | ||