Qino: Difference between revisions
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===Nouns=== | ===Nouns=== | ||
====Case==== | ====Case==== | ||
Nouns (and pronouns) are declined by case. Case markers (which can be analyzed as postpositions) go at the end of a nominal phrase. Conjugated verbs are nominalized with the suffix ''-n'' before adding any case suffixes. | Nouns (and pronouns) are declined by case. Case markers (which can be analyzed as postpositions) go at the end of a nominal phrase. Conjugated verbs are nominalized with the suffix ''-n'' before adding any case suffixes (these nominalized verbs are feminine). | ||
*'''Absolutive''': Citation form, used for the direct object of a verb, the object of most adpositions, and predicative nouns. Personal pronouns have a distinct accusative form that is used for direct objects. | *'''Absolutive''': Citation form, used for the direct object of a verb, the object of most adpositions, and predicative nouns. Personal pronouns have a distinct accusative form that is used for direct objects. | ||
*'''Nominative''': Used for the subject of a verb. Formed as follows: | *'''Nominative''': Used for the subject of a verb. Formed as follows: | ||
** | **Masculine with absolutive ending in consonant, ''-a'', ''-o'', or ''-u'': ''-ú'' - e.g. ''nama'' "person" → ''namú'' | ||
**Feminine with absolutive ending in ''-o'' or ''-u'': ''-ú'' | |||
**Feminine with absolutive ending in consonant or ''-a'': ''-í'' - e.g. ''nafa'' "soul" → ''nafí'' | |||
**Absolutive ending in ''-e'' or ''-i'': ''-í'' - e.g. ''shimmírti'' "bird (sing.)" → ''shimmirtí'' | **Absolutive ending in ''-e'' or ''-i'': ''-í'' - e.g. ''shimmírti'' "bird (sing.)" → ''shimmirtí'' | ||
**Absolutive ending in a long or high-tone vowel: ''-n'' | **Absolutive ending in a long or high-tone vowel: ''-n'' | ||