Chlouvānem/Morphology: Difference between revisions
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=== Voice marking === | === Voice marking === | ||
Chlouvānem has seven voices, marked by affixes added, in unprefixed verbs, at the end of the verb. As the patient-trigger voice (common voice in interior verbs) is unmarked, the six voice markers are: | Chlouvānem has seven voices, marked by affixes added, in unprefixed verbs, at the end of the verb. As the patient-trigger voice (common voice in interior verbs) is unmarked, the six voice markers are: | ||
* '''- | * '''-sŏ''' for agent-trigger voice (in exterior verbs only); | ||
* '''-kæ''' for benefactive-trigger voice; | * '''-kæ''' for benefactive-trigger voice; | ||
* '''-tū''' ('''-tur''' non-finally) for antibenefactive-trigger voice; | * '''-tū''' ('''-tur''' non-finally) for antibenefactive-trigger voice; | ||
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* '''-mea''' for instrumental-trigger voice; | * '''-mea''' for instrumental-trigger voice; | ||
* '''-ūsi''' for dative-trigger voice. | * '''-ūsi''' for dative-trigger voice. | ||
Examples of voice marking are ''męliė'' (he/she/it is given) — '' | Examples of voice marking are ''męliė'' (he/she/it is given) — ''męliėsŏ'' (he/she/it gives) — ''męliėkæ'' (something is given for him/her/it) — ''męliėtū'' (something is given against him/her/it) — ''męliėpan'' (something is given in him/her/it) — ''męliėmea'' (something is given with him/her/it) — ''męliegūsi'' (something is given to him/her/it). | ||
In prefixed verbs, voice marking is a bit different as the voice marker is inserted between the prefix and the stem, thus forms like ''vīvaiyųlė'' (he/she/it is eaten too much) → '' | In prefixed verbs, voice marking is a bit different as the voice marker is inserted between the prefix and the stem, thus forms like ''vīvaiyųlė'' (he/she/it is eaten too much) → ''vīvaisŏyųlė'' (he/she/it eats too much). Saṃdhi is applied if needed, e.g. "something is eaten for him/her/it directly from a tree" is ''taktæyųlė'' (morphemically ''tad-kæ-yųlė'', verb ''tadyųlake''). | ||
===The subjunctive mood=== | ===The subjunctive mood=== | ||