Varangian: Difference between revisions

Varangian (view source)

Revision as of 00:50, 17 June 2023

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→‎Nouns

Shariifka

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 ===Nouns===
-*The citation form is the singular nominative
+*The citation form is the nominative-accusative singular.
 *Pluralization of regular masculine nouns:
 **Ending in consonant: add ''-ă''.
@@ Line 486: / Line 486: @@
 **Ending in ''-i'': replace ''-i'' with ''-ăr''.
 **Ending in ''-u'': add ''-r''.
-*Regular neuter nouns undergo u-umlaut in the plural. The only vowels affected are ''a, ă'', and ''â''.
+*Regular neuter nouns undergo u-umlaut in the plural.
-**''a'' > ''o''
+*A class of nouns known as consonant stems have irregular plurals, mostly involving either i-umlaut or reversal of u-umlaut. Some examples of consonant stems:
-**''ă, â'' > ''u''
+**''mând'' "man" (M) > ''mindă''
-*Some nouns have a ''-j-'', palatalization, or ''-v-'' that appears before endings beginning in a vowel but is dropped otherwise.
+**''foðr'' "father" (M) > ''feðră''
-*A few nouns (known as consonant stems) have irregular plurals, mostly involving either i-umlaut or reversal of u-umlaut (i.e. singular has u-umlaut that is lost in plural). Some examples of common nouns with irregular plurals are listed below:
+**''moðr'' "mother" (F) > ''meðrăr''
-**''mând'' (M) > ''mindă''
+**''šistr'' "sister" (F) > ''šistrăr''
-**''foðr'' (M) > ''feðră''
+**''broðr'' "brother" (M) > ''breðră''
-**''moðr'' (F) > ''meðrăr''
+**''dotr'' "daughter" (F) > ''detrăr''
-**''šistr'' (F) > ''šistrăr''
+**''fot'' "foot" (M) > ''fetă''
-**''broðr'' (M) > ''breðră''
+**''tund'' "tooth" (F) > ''tindăr''
-**''dotr'' (F) > ''detrăr''
+**''not'' "night" (F) > ''netăr''
-**''fot'' (M) > ''fetă''
+**''džov'' "gift" (F) > ''džavăr''
-**''tund'' (F) > ''tindăr''
+**''corn'' "lake" (F) > ''carnăr''
-**''not'' (F) > ''netăr''
-**''džov'' (F) > ''džavăr''
-**''corn'' (F) > ''carnăr''
 * Formation of genitive-dative:
 **Masculine and neuter consonant stems: The genitive-dative singular is identical to the nominative-accusative singular.