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Revision as of 17:00, 8 August 2023

268 bytes added ,  8 August 2023
→‎Letters
Tags: Mobile edit Mobile web edit Advanced mobile edit
Tags: Mobile edit Mobile web edit Advanced mobile edit
Line 3,135: Line 3,135:
|[β], [p] (foreign)
|[β], [p] (foreign)
|p (Af Maay)
|p (Af Maay)
| This is an extra letter that is not normally used. It can be used for intervocalic /b/ pronounced as /β/, especially in Af Maay. It can also be used for /p/ in foreign words.
| This is an extra letter that is not normally used. It can be used for intervocalic /b/ pronounced as /β/, especially in Af Maay. It can also be used for /p/ in foreign words and some Af Maay words.
|-
|-
| taa'<br>تاء
| taa'<br>تاء
Line 3,147: Line 3,147:
|
|
|-
|-
|thaaʼ <br>ثاء
|<u>t</u>aaʼ <br>ثاء
|θa' <br>ثأ
|<u>t</u>a' <br>ثأ
|<span style="font-size:160%;">ث</span>
|<span style="font-size:160%;">ث</span>
|<span style="font-size:160%;">ـث</span>
|<span style="font-size:160%;">ـث</span>
Line 3,157: Line 3,157:
|Not used in native Somali words; mainly used in Arabic loanwords.
|Not used in native Somali words; mainly used in Arabic loanwords.
|-
|-
|jīm<br>جيم
|jiim<br>جيم
|jiim<br>جيم
|jiim<br>جيم
|<span style="font-size:160%;">ج</span>
|<span style="font-size:160%;">ج</span>
Line 3,167: Line 3,167:
|
|
|-
|-
|jhīm<br>ڃيم
|jhiim<br>ڃيم
|jhiim<br>ڃيم
|jhiim<br>ڃيم
|<span style="font-size:160%;">ڃ</span>
|<span style="font-size:160%;">ڃ</span>
Line 3,177: Line 3,177:
| Used in Af Maay.
| Used in Af Maay.
|-
|-
|chīm<br>چيم
|chiim<br>چيم
|chiim<br>چيم
|chiim<br>چيم
|<span style="font-size:160%;">چ</span>
|<span style="font-size:160%;">چ</span>
Line 3,187: Line 3,187:
| Exclusively for foreign words (usually replaced with ''jiim''.
| Exclusively for foreign words (usually replaced with ''jiim''.
|-
|-
|ḥāʾ<br>حاء
|xaa'<br>حاء
|xa'<br>حأ
|xa'<br>حأ
|<span style="font-size:160%;">ح</span>
|<span style="font-size:160%;">ح</span>
Line 3,197: Line 3,197:
|
|
|-
|-
|khāʾ<br>خاء
|khaa'<br>خاء
| kha'<br>خأ
| kha'<br>خأ
|<span style="font-size:160%;">خ</span>
|<span style="font-size:160%;">خ</span>
Line 3,207: Line 3,207:
|
|
|-
|-
|dāl<br>دال
|daal<br>دال
| deel<br>ديل
| deel<br>ديل
|<span style="font-size:160%;">د</span>
|<span style="font-size:160%;">د</span>
Line 3,217: Line 3,217:
|
|
|-
|-
|dhāl<br>ذال
|thaal<br>ذال
| ðeel<br>ذيل
| theel<br>ذيل
|<span style="font-size:160%;">ذ</span>
|<span style="font-size:160%;">ذ</span>
|<span style="font-size:160%;">ـذ</span>
|<span style="font-size:160%;">ـذ</span>
|
|
|
|
|/ð/ (Arabic)
|/ð/
|d
|d, th (Af Maay)
|Not used in native Somali words; mainly used in Arabic loanwords.
|Mainly used in Arabic loanwords. It can also be used in native Sonali words for [ð], especially in af Maay.
|-
|-
<!--
<!--
|dhāl<br>ڎال
|dhaal<br>ڎال
| dheel
| dheel
|<span style="font-size:160%;">ڎ</span>
|<span style="font-size:160%;">ڎ</span>
Line 3,239: Line 3,239:
|-
|-
-->
-->
|rāʾ<br>راء
|raaʾ<br>راء
| ra'<br>رأ
| ra'<br>رأ
|<span style="font-size:160%;">ر</span>
|<span style="font-size:160%;">ر</span>
Line 3,249: Line 3,249:
|
|
|-
|-
|zāy<br>زاي
|zaay<br>زاي
| za'<br>زأ
| za'<br>زأ
|<span style="font-size:160%;">ز</span>
|<span style="font-size:160%;">ز</span>
Line 3,259: Line 3,259:
|Not used in native Somali words; mainly used in Arabic loanwords.
|Not used in native Somali words; mainly used in Arabic loanwords.
|-
|-
|sīn<br>سين
|siin<br>سين
| siin<br>سين
| siin<br>سين
|<span style="font-size:160%;">س</span>
|<span style="font-size:160%;">س</span>
Line 3,269: Line 3,269:
|
|
|-
|-
|shīn<br>شين
|shiin<br>شين
| shiin<br>شين
| shiin<br>شين
|<span style="font-size:160%;">ش</span>
|<span style="font-size:160%;">ش</span>
Line 3,279: Line 3,279:
|
|
|-
|-
|ṣād<br>صاد
|ṣaad<br>صاد
| ṣaad<br>صاد
| ṣaad<br>صاد
|<span style="font-size:160%;">ص</span>
|<span style="font-size:160%;">ص</span>
Line 3,289: Line 3,289:
|Not used in native Somali words; mainly used in Arabic loanwords.
|Not used in native Somali words; mainly used in Arabic loanwords.
|-
|-
|ḍād <br>ضاد
|ḍaad <br>ضاد
| ḍaad<br>ضاد
| ḍaad<br>ضاد
|<span style="font-size:160%;">ض</span>
|<span style="font-size:160%;">ض</span>
Line 3,299: Line 3,299:
|Not used in native Somali words; mainly used in Arabic loanwords.
|Not used in native Somali words; mainly used in Arabic loanwords.
|-
|-
|ṭāʾ<br>طاء
|ṭaa'<br>طاء
| ṭa'<br>طأ
| ṭa'<br>طأ
|<span style="font-size:160%;">ط</span>
|<span style="font-size:160%;">ط</span>
Line 3,307: Line 3,307:
|/tˁ/ (Arabic), /d/
|/tˁ/ (Arabic), /d/
|d
|d
|Not used in native Somali words; mainly used in Arabic loanwords.
|Mainly used in Arabic loanwords. Used (optionally) in some Somali words for /d/ near back harmony vowels.
|-
|-
|ẓāʾ <br>ظاء
|ṭhaa' <br>ظاء
| ð̣a'<br>ظأ
| ṭha'<br>ظأ
|<span style="font-size:160%;">ظ</span>
|<span style="font-size:160%;">ظ</span>
|<span style="font-size:160%;">ـظ</span>
|<span style="font-size:160%;">ـظ</span>
Line 3,316: Line 3,316:
|<span style="font-size:160%;">ظـ</span>
|<span style="font-size:160%;">ظـ</span>
|/ðˁ/
|/ðˁ/
|d
|d, th (Af Maay)
|Not used in native Somali words; mainly used in Arabic loanwords.
|Mainly used in Arabic loanwords. Can be used in Somali words for the [ð] allophone of /d/ when it would be written with <i>ṭā'</i>.
|-
|-
|dhāʾ<br>ڟاء
|dhaaʾ<br>ڟاء
| dha'<br>ڟأ
| dha'<br>ڟأ
|<span style="font-size:160%;">ڟ</span>
|<span style="font-size:160%;">ڟ</span>
Line 3,329: Line 3,329:
|Additional letter not present in Arabic.<!-- Properly used for initial, post-consonantal, and geminated /ɖ/ (which is not replaced with /r/ in any dialect).-->
|Additional letter not present in Arabic.<!-- Properly used for initial, post-consonantal, and geminated /ɖ/ (which is not replaced with /r/ in any dialect).-->
|-
|-
|ʿayn<br>عين
|cayn<br>عين
| cayn<br>عين
| cayn<br>عين
|<span style="font-size:160%;">ع</span>
|<span style="font-size:160%;">ع</span>
Line 3,345: Line 3,345:
|<span style="font-size:160%;">ـغـ</span>
|<span style="font-size:160%;">ـغـ</span>
|<span style="font-size:160%;">غـ</span>
|<span style="font-size:160%;">غـ</span>
|/ɣ/ (Arabic)
|/ɣ/
|q
|q, gh (Af Maay)
|Not used in native Somali words; mainly used in Arabic loanwords.
|Mainly used in Arabic loanwords. It can also be used for the [ɣ] allophone of ''g'', especially in Af Maay.
|-
|-
|fāʾ<br>فاء
|faaʾ<br>فاء
| fa'<br>فأ
| fa'<br>فأ
|<span style="font-size:160%;">ف</span>
|<span style="font-size:160%;">ف</span>
Line 3,359: Line 3,359:
|
|
|-
|-
|qāf<br>قاف
|qaaf<br>قاف
| qaaf<br>قاف
| qaaf<br>قاف
|<span style="font-size:160%;">ق</span>
|<span style="font-size:160%;">ق</span>
Line 3,365: Line 3,365:
|<span style="font-size:160%;">ـقـ</span>
|<span style="font-size:160%;">ـقـ</span>
|<span style="font-size:160%;">قـ</span>
|<span style="font-size:160%;">قـ</span>
|/q/
|/q/, /ɠ~ʛ/ (Af Maay)
|q
|q
|
|
|-
|-
|kāf<br>كاف
|kaaf<br>كاف
| kaaf<br>كاف
| kaaf<br>كاف
|<span style="font-size:160%;">ك</span>
|<span style="font-size:160%;">ك</span>
Line 3,379: Line 3,379:
|  
|  
|-
|-
|gāf<br>ڭاف
|gaaf<br>ڭاف
| gaaf<br>ڭاف
| gaaf<br>ڭاف
|<span style="font-size:160%;">ڭ‎</span>
|<span style="font-size:160%;">ڭ‎</span>
Line 3,390: Line 3,390:
<!--
<!--
|-
|-
|gāf<br>ڬاف
|gaaf<br>ڬاف
| gaaf<br>ڬاف
| gaaf<br>ڬاف
|<span style="font-size:160%;">ڬ</span>
|<span style="font-size:160%;">ڬ</span>
Line 3,400: Line 3,400:
|Additional letter not present in Arabic.-->
|Additional letter not present in Arabic.-->
|-
|-
|lām<br>لام
|laam<br>لام
| laan<br>لام
| laam<br>لام
|<span style="font-size:160%;">ل</span>
|<span style="font-size:160%;">ل</span>
|<span style="font-size:160%;">ـل</span>
|<span style="font-size:160%;">ـل</span>
Line 3,410: Line 3,410:
|
|
|-
|-
|mīm<br>ميم
|miim<br>ميم
| miin<br>ميم
| miim<br>ميم
|<span style="font-size:160%;">م</span>
|<span style="font-size:160%;">م</span>
|<span style="font-size:160%;">ـم</span>
|<span style="font-size:160%;">ـم</span>
Line 3,420: Line 3,420:
| Often represents /n/ when unvowelled word-finally.
| Often represents /n/ when unvowelled word-finally.
|-
|-
|nūn<br>نون
|nuun<br>نون
| nuun<br>نون
| nuun<br>نون
|<span style="font-size:160%;">ن</span>
|<span style="font-size:160%;">ن</span>
Line 3,430: Line 3,430:
|
|
|-
|-
|wāw<br>واو
|waaw<br>واو
| woow<br>وو
| woow<br>وو
|<span style="font-size:160%;">و</span>
|<span style="font-size:160%;">و</span>
Line 3,440: Line 3,440:
|The letter ''wāw'' serves three functions. Firstly, is as a consonant, with a sound /w/. Secondly, it is used to write the long vowels /oː/ and /uː/. Finally, it is used as a carrier for ''hamzah''.
|The letter ''wāw'' serves three functions. Firstly, is as a consonant, with a sound /w/. Secondly, it is used to write the long vowels /oː/ and /uː/. Finally, it is used as a carrier for ''hamzah''.
|-
|-
|hāʾ<br>هاء
|haaʾ<br>هاء
| ha'<br>هأ
| ha'<br>هأ
|<span style="font-size:160%;">ه<br>ة</span>
|<span style="font-size:160%;">ه<br>ة</span>
Line 3,450: Line 3,450:
| ''Hāʾ'' is also used silently at the end of nouns ending in /e/ or /o/. Such a silent ''hāʾ'' may be replaced with ''tāʾ marbūṭah'' (ـَة، ة) in some words (generally feminine words and/or words that end in it in Arabic).
| ''Hāʾ'' is also used silently at the end of nouns ending in /e/ or /o/. Such a silent ''hāʾ'' may be replaced with ''tāʾ marbūṭah'' (ـَة، ة) in some words (generally feminine words and/or words that end in it in Arabic).
|-
|-
|yāʾ<br>ياء
|yaaʾ<br>ياء
| ya'<br>يأ
| ya'<br>يأ
|<span style="font-size:160%;">ي</span>
|<span style="font-size:160%;">ي</span>
Shariifka
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