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Sähsch: Difference between revisions
→Phonetic Realisations: Finished vowel realisations and added two columns for realisations
(→Phonology: Added a lot on vowels) |
(→Phonetic Realisations: Finished vowel realisations and added two columns for realisations) |
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The underlying phonemic symmetry is often broken by the dialects of the language, including the standard language. Several popular processes underway which cause this include: | The underlying phonemic symmetry is often broken by the dialects of the language, including the standard language. Several popular processes underway which cause this include: | ||
* "Vowel Breaking" (diphthongisation) | * "Vowel Breaking" (diphthongisation) | ||
* U-Fronting (/u:/ and new diphthongs containing /u/ have this element centralised to /ü/) | * U-Fronting / U-Ü Merger (/u:/ and new diphthongs containing /u/ have this element centralised to /ü/) | ||
:* New diphthongs include /ou/ from /o:/, as opposed to the older /au/ from /u:/ | |||
* L-Vocalisation (sequences of a vowel followed by L result in a velarisation of the vowel) | * L-Vocalisation (sequences of a vowel followed by L result in a velarisation of the vowel) | ||
In the | In the Lowlands dialect<!--Previously the Modern Standard-->, the following broadly described phones in the table below are generally produced by the underlying phonology of the language. The split between realisations reveals the presence of sub-dialects within the Lowlands dialect. <!--I also think that below this I could have another cleaner set of realisations--> | ||
The Highlands dialect is affected less by diphthongisation but has very consistent U-Fronting in /u:/ and has completed the /i:/ and /u:/ diphthongisation process, unlike the Lowlands dialect where speakers still have a very old split on the issue. | |||
{{col-begin}} | |||
{{col-break}} | |||
'''Lowlands''' | |||
{| class="wikitable" | {| class="wikitable" | ||
|- | |- | ||
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| ä || [e̞ ~ ɛ] | | ä || [e̞ ~ ɛ] | ||
|- | |- | ||
| ä: || [e̞ɪ ~ ɛɪ] | | ä: || [e̞ɪ ~ ɛɪ] or [ɛ:] | ||
|- | |||
| å || [o̞ ~ ɒ] | |||
|- | |||
| å || [o̞:], or [o̞ü]<!--?--> | |||
|- | |- | ||
| e || [e̞ ~ ɛ] | | e || [e̞ ~ ɛ] | ||
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| o || [o̞] | | o || [o̞] | ||
|- | |- | ||
| o: || [o̞ü], or [ɔʊ ~ u: ~ o̞:] | | o: || [o̞ü ~ ɔü], or [ɔʊ ~ u: ~ o̞:] | ||
|- | |||
| ö || [ə] | |||
|- | |||
| ö: || [ə:] | |||
|- | |||
| u || [u ~ ʊ ~ ü] | |||
|- | |||
| u: || [äʊ ~ äu] or [ʊ̈ü ~ ü: ~ u:] | |||
|- | |||
| ü || [ü ~ ʊ] | |||
|- | |||
| ü: || [ʊ̈ü ~ ü: ~ y:] | |||
|} | |||
{{col-break}} | |||
'''Highlands''' | |||
{| class="wikitable" | |||
|- | |||
! Underlying Phoneme !! Realisation | |||
|- | |||
| a || ɑ̈ | |||
|- | |||
| a: || ɑ̈: | |||
|- | |||
| ä || [e̞ ~ ɛ] | |||
|- | |||
| ä: || [e̞:] | |||
|- | |||
| å || [o̞] | |||
|- | |||
| å || [o̞:]<!--?--> | |||
|- | |||
| e || [e̞ ~ ɛ] | |||
|- | |||
| e: || [e̞:] | |||
|- | |||
| i || [ɪ] | |||
|- | |||
| i: || [äɪ] | |||
|- | |||
| o || [o̞] | |||
|- | |||
| o: || [o̞:] | |||
|- | |||
| ö || [ə] | |||
|- | |||
| ö: || [ə:] | |||
|- | |||
| u || [u ~ ü] | |||
|- | |||
| u: || [äʊ] | |||
|- | |||
| ü || [ü ~ ʊ] | |||
|- | |- | ||
| ü: || [ü:~ y:] | |||
|} | |} | ||
{{col-end}} | |||
===Prosody=== | ===Prosody=== | ||