Chlouvānem: Difference between revisions

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====Consonant alternations====

=====~~Palatalizations~~=====

=====Palatalization=====

~~Palatalization~~ in ~~morphemes (noted~~ as ~~'''ь''') produces different results depending on~~ the ~~preceding consonant:~~

Some morphemes beginning in /j/ - especially vowels as the result of diachronic lengthening - may change the preceding consonant by assimilating the /j/ in the following ways:

* If the preceding consonant ~~has a phonemic palatalized counterpart,~~ the ~~result is the palatalized consonant (e.g.~~ /t/ ~~+ ''ь'' → /tʲ/)~~

* Alveolars and velars shift to palatals (e.g. ''k'' + ''y'' or ''t'' + ''y'' → ''c'');

* ~~Velars~~ shift to palatals (e.g. ''k'' + ''ь'' → ''c'');

* ''h'' + ''y'' → ''š'';

* ''h'' + ''ь'' → ''š''

* '''ɂ''' and '''ġ''' remain unchanged;

* All other consonants get a /j/ glide (written '''y''').

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* All stops assimilate in voicing to a following stop; if the first one is aspirated, then aspiration shifts to the second one. Dentals also assimilate to adjacent (preceding or following) retroflexes.

In stop saṃdhi, a few further changes apart from basic voicing and retroflex assimilation occur. Note that any such combination also applies to aspirated stops ~~and, for dentals, palatalized ones~~. In voiceless stops:

In stop saṃdhi, a few further changes apart from basic voicing and retroflex assimilation occur. Note that any such combination also applies to aspirated stops. In voiceless stops:

-'''pṭ'''- → -'''ṭṭ'''- ; -'''pc'''- → -'''ṃc'''-<br/>

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* '''u''' is inserted after non-palatalized labials;

* '''a''' is used after retroflexes (except '''ṣ'''), velars, and non-palatalized laryngeals (except '''l''')

* '''i''' is used after all other consonants~~, including all palatalized ones~~.

* '''i''' is used after all other consonants.

Note that '''y''', '''v''', and '''r''' in these cases turn into the corresponding vowels '''i''', '''u''', and '''ṛ'''.

@@ Line 318: / Line 318: @@
 ====Consonant alternations====
-=====Palatalizations=====
+=====Palatalization=====
-Palatalization in morphemes (noted as '''ь''') produces different results depending on the preceding consonant:
+Some morphemes beginning in /j/ - especially vowels as the result of diachronic lengthening - may change the preceding consonant by assimilating the /j/ in the following ways:
-* If the preceding consonant has a phonemic palatalized counterpart, the result is the palatalized consonant (e.g. /t/ + ''ь'' → /tʲ/)
+* Alveolars and velars shift to palatals (e.g. ''k'' + ''y'' or ''t'' + ''y'' → ''c'');
-* Velars shift to palatals (e.g. ''k'' + ''ь'' → ''c'');
+* ''h'' + ''y'' → ''š'';
-* ''h'' + ''ь'' → ''š''
 * '''ɂ''' and '''ġ''' remain unchanged;
 * All other consonants get a /j/ glide (written '''y''').
@@ Line 333: / Line 332: @@
 * All stops assimilate in voicing to a following stop; if the first one is aspirated, then aspiration shifts to the second one. Dentals also assimilate to adjacent (preceding or following) retroflexes.
-In stop saṃdhi, a few further changes apart from basic voicing and retroflex assimilation occur. Note that any such combination also applies to aspirated stops and, for dentals, palatalized ones. In voiceless stops:
+In stop saṃdhi, a few further changes apart from basic voicing and retroflex assimilation occur. Note that any such combination also applies to aspirated stops. In voiceless stops:
 -'''pṭ'''- → -'''ṭṭ'''- ; -'''pc'''- → -'''ṃc'''-<br/>
@@ Line 388: / Line 387: @@
 * '''u''' is inserted after non-palatalized labials;
 * '''a''' is used after retroflexes (except '''ṣ'''), velars, and non-palatalized laryngeals (except '''l''')
-* '''i''' is used after all other consonants, including all palatalized ones.
+* '''i''' is used after all other consonants.
 Note that '''y''', '''v''', and '''r''' in these cases turn into the corresponding vowels '''i''', '''u''', and '''ṛ'''.