Nankôre: Difference between revisions
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==Syntax== | ==Syntax== | ||
====Word Order==== | |||
Nankôre's canonical word order SOV, more specifically, SOV<sub>1</sub>V<sub>2</sub>, where V<sub>2</sub> represents the copula ''itá''. Although the core argument NPs do not take any overt case marking, the animacy hierarchy and direct-inverse system of marking usually provide enough information to identify the Agent from the Patient. Thus, OSV<sub>1</sub>V<sub>2</sub>, SVO<sub>1</sub> V<sub>2</sub>, and other orders are found, both in speech and text. When pronouns appear as core arguments, they usually appear after the main verb, resulting in OV<sub>1</sub>SV<sub>2</sub>. Very often, the pronoun cliticizes to the verb: | Nankôre's canonical word order SOV, more specifically, SOV<sub>1</sub>V<sub>2</sub>, where V<sub>2</sub> represents the copula ''itá''. Although the core argument NPs do not take any overt case marking, the animacy hierarchy and direct-inverse system of marking usually provide enough information to identify the Agent from the Patient. Thus, OSV<sub>1</sub>V<sub>2</sub>, SVO<sub>1</sub> V<sub>2</sub>, and other orders are found, both in speech and text. When pronouns appear as core arguments, they usually appear after the main verb, resulting in OV<sub>1</sub>SV<sub>2</sub>. Very often, the pronoun cliticizes to the verb: | ||
{{Gloss | {{Gloss | ||
|phrase = Minhaste kôryak itá | |phrase = Minhaste kôryak itá' | ||
|IPA = /'minɦaʃte 'ko:rjak ɪt'aʔ/ | |IPA = /'minɦaʃte 'ko:rjak ɪt'aʔ/ | ||
| morphemes = minhast kôre=ak itá | | morphemes = minhast kôre=ak ∅-∅-∅-itá-ʔ | ||
| gloss = Minhast.language speak 1S COP | | gloss = Minhast.language speak=1S DIR-HAA+LAP-SG-COP-SG | ||
| translation = I speak the Minhast language. | | translation = I speak the Minhast language. | ||
}} | }} | ||
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{{Gloss | {{Gloss | ||
|phrase = Kakno, rihat makse | |phrase = Kakno, rihat makse itá | ||
|IPA = /' | |IPA = /'kak=no ɾi'hat 'makʃɛ̯ ɪt'aʔ/ | ||
| morphemes = | | morphemes = kak=no riɦat makse ∅-∅-itá-ʔ | ||
| gloss = seize | | gloss = seize=SEM falcon.AGT mouse.PT DIR-HAA+LAP-SG-COP-SG | ||
| translation = The falcon seizes the mouse in one fell swoop. | | translation = The falcon seizes the mouse in one fell swoop. | ||
}} | }} | ||