Haoli: Difference between revisions
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=Lexicon= | =Lexicon= | ||
[[Haoli/Lexicon|Haoli Lexicon]] | |||
[[Category: Languages]][[Category: A priori]][[Category: Haoli]][[Category: Nominative-accusative languages]] | [[Category: Languages]][[Category: A priori]][[Category: Haoli]][[Category: Nominative-accusative languages]] |
Revision as of 23:23, 17 November 2018
Haoli | |
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Haoli | |
Pronunciation | [[Help:IPA|ha.ɔ.li]] |
Created by | iancgil |
Proto-Xawlih
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Introduction
Haoli is the language spoken by the Haonai.
Phonology
Consonants
Bilabial | Labiodental | Dental | Alveolar | Post Alveolar | Palatal | Velar | Glottal | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Plosive | Normal | voiceless | p /p/ | t /t/ | k /k/ | |||||
voiced | b /b/ | d /d/ | g /g/ | |||||||
Ejective | voiceless | pp /pʼ/ | tt /tʼ/ | kk /kʼ/ | ||||||
voiced | dd /dʼ/ | gg /gʼ/ | ||||||||
Nasal | m /m/ | n /n/ | nj /ɲ/ | ng /ŋ/ | ||||||
Trill | Normal | r /r/ | ||||||||
Aspirated | rh /rʰ/ | |||||||||
Fricative | Normal | voiceless | f /f/ | þ /θ/ | s /s/ | c /ʃ/ | x /x/ | h /h/ | ||
voiced | ð /ð/ | gh /ɣ/ | ||||||||
Lengthened | voiceless | ff /fː/ | ss /sː/ | |||||||
voiced | vv /vː/ | |||||||||
Aspirated | vh /vʰ/ | |||||||||
Approximant | j /j/ | |||||||||
Lateral Approximant | l /l/ |
Vowels
Front | Back | ||
---|---|---|---|
Close | short | i /i/ | |
long | ii/ī /iː/ | ||
Open-Mid | short | e /ɛ/ u /œ/ | o /ɔ/ |
long | ee/ē /ɛː/ uu/ū /œː/ | oo/ō /ɔː/ | |
Open | short | a /a/ | |
long | aa/ā /aː/ |
Phonotactics
Orthography
Native Orthography
Morphology
Nouns
Haoli Nouns decline for case, gender, and number.
Gender
Gender in Haoli pertains to how the plural is formed as well as how it is declined. Haoli articles do have gender agreement with the constituent noun. Haoli has three genders: neuter, feminine, and masculine.
Plurals
Haoli plurals are formed by suffixes or ablaut.
Pronouns
Pronouns | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Person | ||||||
Singular | Plural | |||||
First Person | jan | bet | ||||
Second Person | si | al | ||||
Third Person | edi | ede | eda | edic | edec | edac |
Declension
Basic Cases
- Nominative
- Accusative
- Dative
- Malefactive
- Adverbial
- Vocative
- Contrastive
- Genitive
Oblique Cases
- Translative
- Exessive
- Essive
- Instrumental
- Prolative
Locative Cases
Internal
- Innesive
- Hyperessive
- Illative
- Hyperlative
- Elative
- Hyper-elative
- Supraperlative
- Hyperlative
- Perlative
Traversal
- Lative
- Superlative
- Prosecutive
- Terminative
Exodal
- Ablative
- Antessive
- Delative
- Eblative
Relational
- Superessive
- Supraessive
- Comitative
- Pertingent
- Apudessive
- Enclosive
- Forbative
- Locative
- Bative
- Transversive
- Circumfrentive
- Situative
- Abessive
- Intrative
- Subessive
Temporal Cases
- Temporal
- Temporal-lative
- Temporal-hyper-transversive
- Temporal-terminative
- Temporal-hyperbative
Articles
Articles | |||
---|---|---|---|
Gender | Article | Singular | Plural |
Neuter | Definite | von | vono |
Indefinite | xon | xono | |
Feminine | Definite | ven | vene |
Indefinite | xen | xene | |
Masculine | Definite | vun | vunu |
Indefinite | xun | xunu |
Verbs
Haoli Verbs conjugate for tense and mood.
Negation
Haoli uses the circumposition ro VERB an.
Example:
The flower is not black.
Ro eiþi an asti veti.
Tense
- Present
- Imperfect
- Future
- Pluperfect
Mood
- Indicative
- Interrogative
- Subjunctive
- Conditional
- Imperative
- Jussive
- Opative
- Quotative
Pre-Affixal Clitic Conjunctions
- aja – or
- isjo - so
- je – and
- jia – for
- jue – but
- laja – nor
- ajsi – than
- ngo - that
- bo - yet
Examples:
He listened and pondered.
Kroai je'ajatoe kasa.
Syntax
Word Order Taturuc
Modifier Order
The Basic Forms | ||
---|---|---|
Tatur | English Translation | Word Order |
Vun Pituð Tatur | The Elegant Form | Preceding Modifier |
Vun Rasuð Tatur | The Common Form | Proceeding Modifier |
Examples:
Vun Pituð Tatur
Vun Rasuð Tatur
Sentence Order
Tatur | English Translation | Word Order |
---|---|---|
Vun Hauluð Tatur | The Symmetric Form | V-O-S-CONJ-S-O-V |
Vun Isatuð Tatur | The Egocentric/Dominant/Impolite Form | S-V-O |
Vun Roisatuð Tatur | The Non-Egocentric/Submissive/Polite Form | O-V-S |
Vun Aramuð Tatur | The Lovely/Romantic Form | V-O-S |
Vun Usonuð Tatur | The Structured/School/Instructive Form | V-S-O |
Examples:
Vun Hauluð Tatur
Vun Isatuð Tatur
Vun Roisatuð Tatur
Vun Aramuð Tatur
Vun Usonuð Tatur
The Complex Forms
Vun Jamuð Mūtauð Tatur
Simple Alternating Form
(V-Adv) (Adj-N) (N-Adj)
- Can start with either Elegant or Common Form
- Modifying constituents always follow Elegant or Common Form exclusively
Vun Aramuð Mūtauð Tatur
The Romantic Alternating Form
(V-Adv) (Adj-S) (O-Adj)
- Always begins with Common Form
- Modifying constituents follow their main constituent’s Form
Vun Tistauð Mūtauð Tatur
The Pure Alternating Form
This form can start with either form and proceeding constituent always alternates form.
Vun Jamuð Mūtauð Hauluð Tatur
The Simple Alternating Symmetric Form
The first half sets the order for both halves.
Vun Tistauð Hauluð Tatur
The Pure Symmetric Form
The first half's order is the opposite of second half.
Vun Rotaturuð Tatur
The Unordered Form
This form has no set order.
Form Declaration Phrases
Sometimes a sentence may not be long enough for more of the complex forms to be used, but a speaker still wants to apply the connotation of a the form. Another case would be where a speaker will be speaking for a longer period of time, but doesn't care to take the effort of applying the form to their speech. In both cases speakers may use a Form declaration phrase, which is a nonsense phrase that is just long enough to declare the form that the speaker wants to apply to their speech.
Examples:
Green flowers and red trees always savor fertile land and cold water.
Usonuð Tatur: Kokok kele apōð vetic je'ina fi dosadoð haōr je'gulamuð vatasar.
Isatuð Tatur: Apōð vetic je'ina fi kokok kele dosadoð haōr je'gulamuð vatasar.
Roisatuð Tatur: Dosadoð haōr je'gulamuð vatasar kokok kele apōð vetic je'ina fi.
Aramuð Tatur: Kokok kele dosadoð haōr je'gulamuð vatasar apōð vetic je'ina fi.
The usage of form declaration phrases are largely considered to be close to archaic in some geographical areas and so the alternative to this convention is to begin your speech explicitly declaring what form you will be using by asking the listener to listen in respect to the indicated form.
Examples:
Usonuð Tatur: Korpiji kase van usonuð taturhu vana kerho. May you listen with the ears of the ordered form
Isatuð Tatur: Korpiji kase van isatuð taturhu vana kerho. May you listen with the ears of the dominant form
Roisatuð Tatur: Korpiji kase van roisatuð taturhu vana kerho. May you listen with the ears of the submissive form
Aramuð Tatur: Korpiji kase van aramuð taturhu vana kerho. May you listen with the ears of the lovely form
Vana Runuð Taturuc je'Usonu
The Poetic/Artistic/Passionate Forms and Structures
Vana Uniuð Taturuc The Rhyme/Repetetive/Metered Forms | ||
---|---|---|
Vun Jamuð Tatur | The Simple Form | AABB |
Vun Hauluð Tatur | The Symmetric Form | ABBA |
Vun Mūtauð Tatur | The Alternating Form | ABAB |
Vun Rohauluð Tautur | The Assymetric Forms | ABCB, ABBB, ABBC, ABAC, ABCD, ... |
Vono Runuð Usonoc The Poetic Structures | ||
---|---|---|
Haoli Term | English Translation | Forms Used in Structure |
Von Pituð je’Rasuð Uson | The Modifier Structure | Pituð, Rasuð |
Von Iatuð je’Roiatuð Uson | The Register/Tone/Politeness Structure | Iatuð, Roiatuð |
Von Mūtauð je’Hauluð Uson | The Symmetry and Alternation Structure | Mūtauð, Hauluð |
Numbers
Each digit 1-11 are written as the first consonant that appears in the word, zero is represented by the symbol used for terminating sentences and the decimal is represented by the symbol used to divide text into sections. The mathematical operators: +, *, ^, -, / are represented by the vowels: a, e, i, o, u respectively.
Haoliadh Maur (Haoli Numbers) | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 |
mitat | edu | ket | har | neg | otte | vat | jet | njol | reso | poi | ofu |
12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 |
eduv | eduedu | eduket | eduhar | eduneg | eduotte | eduvat | edujet | edunjol | edureso | edupoi | eduofu |
24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | 31 | 32 | 33 | 34 | 35 |
ketev | ketedu | ketket | kethar | ketneg | ketotte | ketvat | ketjet | ketnjol | ketreso | ketpoi | ketofu |
12 | 24 | 36 | 48 | 60 | 72 | 84 | 96 | 108 | 120 | 132 | 144 |
eduv | ketev | harav | negev | ottev | vatav | jetev | njolov | resov | poiv | ofuv | educ |
1*12^12 | 2*12^12 | 3*12^12 | 4*12^12 | 5*12^12 | 6*12^12 | 7*12^12 | 8*12^12 | 9*12^12 | 10*12^12 | 11*12^12 | 12*12^12 |
educ | ketec | harac | negec | ottec | vatac | jetec | njoloc | resoc | poic | ofuc | edub |
Sample Texts
Vono Ðuleað Gheþ
The Submission Scriptures
Vono Ðuleoð Gheþ are the sacred holy scriptures of the Haonai believed to be the verbatim words of their divine creator, Aðhi, given to their prophets over time via supernatural messengers known as Vene Idefþenec.
Text
Elmunþenað kasia eiþi AÐHI: Farar jue’lipir an: Ven Sarlejþenere je’Von Mūtasikroere je’Ven Kokere je’Ven Kokkukere je’Von Resroere je’Ven Pitrhetere je’Von Kujsikroere je’Von Elmunroere je’Von Firinere eiþi ian:
Van elmunul kujge van arinhoaere eiþi eduka nagfuge je’risese eduere eless: Kasia van arinhoaese kasake eiþ eless AÐHI: Van arinhoaese eiþ eless eiþi ðule je’eiþi firin je’eiþi eiþ AÐHI-að laþul je’eiþi harge firinað sarere: AÐHI-ere eduka ðulēsse jia’Von Resroere eiþi ian: Ianroere ðulēg nho’taturhias AÐHI-ere ðulē eiþi eiþ arinhoaroul: Ðuleroul eduese ro laþi an AÐHI: Arinhoaroere ðuleroi arinhoa isjo’ðualeroþenere ðuleroi AÐHI: Ianað elmunul AÐHI-ere ro nagfuamen an kasi:
Translation
AÐHI is your creator. Quake, but do not fear due to untrust. We are The Giver of Refuge, The Unchanging, The Always, The Everywhere, The Undivided, The Longlasting, The Unformable, The Uncreated, The Truth.
To create in the creation is only to see the light and, by it, be moved. AÐHI commands you to be moved by the light. To be moved by the light is ðule and is truth and is to be in the presesnce of AÐHI and is to have real refuge. Submit only to AÐHI for We are The Undivided. To submit to other than We, with the same form as you submit to AÐHI, is to be in the darkness. For one in rejection, AÐHI is not present. light rejects darkness, so AÐHI rejects rejectors. You see not AÐHI in Our creation?
Vun Fiuð Puf
Song of the Trees
Text
Vun fiuð puf
Enþerouð
Elmunrotoso
Mūtaga
Ðuleoð, aramoð
Eiþe tultussu
Eiþ vehkāssa
Eiþe puftussu
Translation
Song of the trees
Not of stillness
From the creator
Alternating
In submission, in love
Being like the wind
To be a saint
Being like the song