Themsarian/Verbal subparadigms: Difference between revisions

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====*{n, l, r}ʔ-stems====
====*{n, l, r}ʔ-stems====
''*{n, l, r}ʔ''
*> ''{n, l, r}t''
*> ''{n, l, r}'' / _C[+coronal +obstruent]
'''''intî''' - lie (be in a supine position)''
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg mw-collapsible " style="width: 350px; text-align: center;"
|-
!colspan="4" | '''Imperative'''
|-
!style="width: 50px; "|
!style="width: 100px; "|Singular
!style="width: 100px; "|Dual
!style="width: 100px; "|Plural
|-
!|1.in
|''-''
|''ínt'''ħar'''!''
|''ínty'''ns'''!''
|-
!|2
|''ínt!''
|''ínty'''rs'''!''
|''ínty'''ls'''!''
|}
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg mw-collapsible " style="width: 350px; text-align: center;"
|-
!colspan="4" | '''Present'''
|-
!style="width: 50px; "|
!style="width: 100px; "|Singular
!style="width: 100px; "|Dual
!style="width: 100px; "|Plural
|-
!|1.ex
|''ínt'''ī'''''
|''ín'''dir'''''
|''ínt'''ma'''''
|-
!|1.in
|''-''
|''ín'''ħare'''''
|''ínty'''nse'''''
|-
!|2
|''ínty'''r'''''
|''ínty'''rse'''''
|''ínty'''lse'''''
|-
!|3/4.m
|''ínt'''e'''''
|rowspan="2"|''ínt'''ir'''''
|''ínt'''vi'''''
|-
!|3/4.f
|''ínt'''is'''''
|''ín'''ti'''''
|}
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg mw-collapsible " style="width: 350px; text-align: center;"
|-
!colspan="4" | '''Past perfective'''
|-
!style="width: 50px; "|
!style="width: 100px; "|Singular
!style="width: 100px; "|Dual
!style="width: 100px; "|Plural
|-
!|1.ex
|''int'''ýn'''''
|''ínt'''rid'''''
|''ínt'''mi'''''
|-
!|1.in
|''-''
|''ín'''tar'''''
|''ín'''tā'''''
|-
!|2
|''int'''ýr'''''
|''ínt'''rith'''''
|''ínt'''lith'''''
|-
!|3/4.m
|''ín'''s'''''
|rowspan="2"|''in'''srí'''''
|''in'''sví'''''
|-
!|3/4.f
|''ín'''sar'''''
|''in'''stí'''''
|}
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg mw-collapsible " style="width: 350px; text-align: center;"
|-
!colspan="4" | '''Jussive'''
|-
!style="width: 50px; "|
!style="width: 100px; "|Singular
!style="width: 100px; "|Dual
!style="width: 100px; "|Plural
|-
!|1.ex
|''int'''î'''''
|''inty'''rdá'''''
|''ínt'''mir'''''
|-
!|1.in
|''-''
|''ínt'''ħad'''''
|''ínty'''nt'''''
|-
!|2
|''int'''îr'''''
|''ínty'''rt'''''
|''ínty'''lt'''''
|-
!|3/4.m
|''int'''má'''''
|rowspan="2"|''int'''rá'''''
|''int'''ħá'''''
|-
!|3/4.f
|''in'''sá'''''
|''in'''tá'''''
|}


===''h''-stems===
===''h''-stems===

Revision as of 02:24, 29 March 2014

Semivowel stems

ı-stems

áubıî - attack, strike

Imperative
Singular Dual Plural
1.in - áubiħar! áubins!
2 áubi! áubirs! áubils!


Present
Singular Dual Plural
1.ex áubıī áubidir áubima
1.in - áubiħare áubinse
2 áubir áubirse áubilse
3/4.m áubi áubīr áubivi
3/4.f áubīs áubiti


Past perfective
Singular Dual Plural
1.ex áubín áubirid áubimi
1.in - áubitar áubitā
2 áubír áubirith áubilith
3/4.m áubís áubisrí áubisví
3/4.f áubisar áubistí


Future
Singular Dual Plural
1.ex áubîn áubîdir áubîma
1.in - áubîħar áubînse
2 áubîr áubîrse áubîlse
3/4.m áubî áubîri áubiîvi
3/4.f áubîs áubîti


Jussive
Singular Dual Plural
1.ex áubıî áubirdá áubimir
1.in - áubiħad áubint
2 áubıîr áubirt áubilt
3/4.m áubimá áubirá áubiħá
3/4.f áubisá áubitá

*w-stems

qelvî - pack, condense

Labial obstruent stems

-vi, -vie- "dissimilates" to -ħi, -ħie-

duobî - to be assembled

Coronal obstruent stems

*t-, *d-, *tʰ-, *s-stems

{*t *d *tʰ *s}

  • > s / _t
  • > r / _d

qvothî - shout

Imperative
Singular Dual Plural
1.in - qvóthħar! qvóthyns!
2 qvóth! qvóthyrs! qvóthyls!


Present
Singular Dual Plural
1.ex qvóthī qvórdir qvóthma
1.in - qvóthħare qvóthynse
2 qvóthyr qvóthyrse qvóthylse
3/4.m qvóthe qvóthir qvóthvi
3/4.f qvóthis qvósti


Past perfective
Singular Dual Plural
1.ex qvothýn qvóthrid qvóthmi
1.in - qvóstar qvóstā
2 qvothýr qvóthrith qvóthlith
3/4.m qvóss qvosrí qvosví
3/4.f qvóssar qvostí


Jussive
Singular Dual Plural
1.ex qvothî qvothyrdá qvóthmir
1.in - qvóthħad qvóthynt
2 qvothîr qvóthyrt qvóthylt
3/4.m qvothmá qvothrá qvothħá
3/4.f qvossá qvostá

*z-stems

fáerî - interlock, jam

Imperative
Singular Dual Plural
1.in - fáérħar! fáéryns!
2 fáér! fáéryrs! fáéryls!


Present
Singular Dual Plural
1.ex fáérī fáérdir fáérma
1.in - fáérħare fáérynse
2 fáéryr fáéryrse fáérylse
3/4.m fáére fáerir fáérvi
3/4.f fáéris fáésti


Past perfective
Singular Dual Plural
1.ex fáerýn fáézzid fáérmi
1.in - fáéstar fáéstā
2 fáerýr fáérrith fáerlith
3/4.m fáess fáesrí fáesví
3/4.f fáéssar fáestí


Jussive
Singular Dual Plural
1.ex fáerî fáeryrdá fáérmir
1.in - fáérħad fáérynt
2 fáerîr fáéryrt fáérylt
3/4.m fáermá fáerrá fáerħá
3/4.f fáessá fáestá

*ʒ-stems

bálōzî - joke, jest

*ç- and *ƶ-stems

{*ç, *ƶ}

  • > f / _*C[+coronal +plosive]
  • > s / _*C[+coronal +fricative/affricate]
  • > [ː~] / _{*ç, *ƶ}
  • > th, ð otherwise

rȳthî - classify, categorize

Imperative
Singular Dual Plural
1.in - ry̌thħar! ry̌thyns!
2 ry̌th! ry̌thyrs! ry̌thyls!


Present
Singular Dual Plural
1.ex ry̌thī ry̌fdir ry̌thma
1.in - ry̌thħare ry̌thynse
2 ry̌thyr ry̌thyrse ry̌thylse
3/4.m ry̌the ry̌thir ry̌thvi
3/4.f ry̌this ry̌fti


Past perfective
Singular Dual Plural
1.ex rȳthýn rȳthrid ry̌thmi
1.in - ry̌ftar ry̌ftā
2 rȳthýr ry̌thrith ry̌thlith
3/4.m ry̌ss rȳsrí rȳsví
3/4.f ry̌ssar rȳstí


Jussive
Singular Dual Plural
1.ex rȳthî rȳthyrdá ry̌thmir
1.in - ry̌thħad ry̌thynt
2 rȳthîr ry̌thyrt ry̌thylt
3/4.m rȳthmá rȳthrá rȳthħá
3/4.f rȳssá rȳftá

Velar stems

C[+plosive, +velar] > ch / _t/ŧ
g > c / _C[-voiced]

uogî - err, miss

Imperative
Singular Dual Plural
1.in - ǔogħar! ǔogyns!
2 ǔog! ǔogyrs! ǔogyls!


Present
Singular Dual Plural
1.ex ǔogī ǔogdir ǔogma
1.in - ǔogħare ǔogynse
2 ǔogyr ǔogyrse ǔogylse
3/4.m ǔoge ǔogir ǔogvi
3/4.f ǔogis ǔochti


Past perfective
Singular Dual Plural
1.ex uogýn ǔogzid ǔogmi
1.in - ǔochtar ǔochtā
2 uogýr ǔogrith ǔoglith
3/4.m ǔocs uocsrí uocsví
3/4.f ǔocsar uocstí


Jussive
Singular Dual Plural
1.ex uogî uogyrdá ǔogmir
1.in - ǔogħad ǔogynt
2 uogîr uogyrt ǔogylt
3/4.m uogmá uográ uogħá
3/4.f uocsá uochtá

Guttural stems

Radical stems

*q-stems

*ʁ-stems

*qʰ-stems

*ʔ-stems

*ʔ

  • > [ː~] / V_CV
  • > [~ː] / V_CC

hēseî - feel, emote

Imperative
Singular Dual Plural
1.in - hēsêħar! hēsêns!
2 hēsé! hēsêrs! hēsêls!


Present
Singular Dual Plural
1.ex hēséī hēséddir hēsémma
1.in - hēsêħare hēsênse
2 hēséyr hēsêrse hēsêlse
3/4.m hēsé hēséìr hēsévvi
3/4.f hēséìs hēsétti


Past perfective
Singular Dual Plural
1.ex hēseýn hēsérrid hēsémmi
1.in - hēséttar hēséttā
2 hēseýr hēsérrith hēséllith
3/4.m hēséss hēsēsrí hēsēsví
3/4.f hēséssar hēsēstí


Future
Singular Dual Plural
1.ex hēseên hēseêdir hēseêma
1.in - hēseêħar hēseênse
2 hēseêr hēseêrse hēseêlse
3/4.m hēseê hēseêri hēseêvi
3/4.f hêseêis hêseêti


Jussive
Singular Dual Plural
1.ex hēseî hēsērdá hēsémmir
1.in - hēsêħad hēsênt
2 hēseîr hēsêrt hēsêlt
3/4.m hēsemmá hēserrá hēsēħá
3/4.f hēsessá hēsettá

*{n, l, r}ʔ-stems

h-stems

Irregular verbs

Suppletive verbs

Suppletive verbs have many monosyllabic forms; in order to compensate for the lack of tonal information other roots were grafted into their paradigms.

va̋cî - copula

Imperative
Singular Dual Plural
1.in - va̋cħar! va̋cyns!
2 vâc! va̋cyrs! va̋cyls!


Present
Singular Dual Plural
1.ex (va̋cī) (va̋gdir) (va̋cma)
1.in - (va̋cħare) (va̋cynse)
2 (va̋cyr) (va̋cyrse) (va̋cylse)
3/4.m (va̋ce) (va̋cir) (va̋cvi)
3/4.f (va̋cis) (va̋chti)


Past perfective
Singular Dual Plural
1.ex ðín ðírid ðími
1.in - ðítar ðítā
2 ðír ðírith ðílith
3/4.m ðís ðisrí ðisví
3/4.f ðísar ðistí


Past perfective
Singular Dual Plural
1.ex hiðín hiðírid hiðími
1.in - hiðítar hiðítā
2 hiðír hiðírith hiðílith
3/4.m hiðís hiðisrí hiðisví
3/4.f hiðísar hiðistí


Jussive
Singular Dual Plural
1.ex va̋cî va̋cyrdá va̋cmir
1.in - va̋cħad va̋cynt
2 va̋cîr va̋cyrt va̋cylt
3/4.m va̋cmá va̋crá va̋cħá
3/4.f va̋csá va̋chtá

merî - 'exist'

Reduplicating stems

These verbs are reflexes of monosyllabic verbs whose stem originally consisted of consonant clusters with no vowel and was subsequently reduplicated to accommodate tonal patterns. They comprise a few irregular verbs.

Eliding stems

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