Knench: Difference between revisions

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Knench has only seven inflected verbs (i.e. verbs with inflected past and future forms):

*''juð'' 'to be' (the past form ''han'' is cognate to Arabic ''kāna'')

*''~~fluð~~'' 'to do' (from *ʕaśō, with contamination from *paȝal)

*''śuð'' 'to do' (from *ʕaśō, with contamination from *paȝal)

*''buð'' 'to come' (with suppletion of *2atō and *bô); ''bu'' is still used as a directional

*''leht'' 'to go' (from *halak)

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Their forms have become more similar to each other due to analogy.

Knench maintains a distinction between independent and dependent forms for finite verbs, like Old Irish. The independent forms come from the Ancient Knench waw-consecutive. Using a preverb such as ''lu'' 'not', ''xi'' 'that', or ''śə'' '(emphatic preverb, from the infinitive absolute *3aśū of *3aśō 'to do')' requires the dependent form. Dependent past forms and future forms are formally identical to independent future forms and past forms, respectively, except forms of ''juð'' 'to be' which are a little different from the independent forms.

Knench maintains a distinction between independent and dependent forms for finite verbs, like Old Irish. The independent forms come from the Ancient Knench waw-consecutive. Using a preverb such as ''lu'' 'not', ''xi'' 'that', or ''śə'' '(emphatic preverb, from the infinitive absolute *3aśū of *3aśō 'to do')' requires the dependent form. Dependent past forms and future forms are formally identical to independent future forms and past forms, respectively, except forms of ''juð'' 'to be' and ''śuð'' 'to do' which are a little different from the independent forms.

Even verbs with finite forms are defective verbs, since finite forms are always perfective (except forms of ''juð''). To express the imperfective with these verbs, you still have to use the copula + bə + VN construction. The negator ''lu'' only negates finite verbs.

@@ Line 228: / Line 228: @@
 Knench has only seven inflected verbs (i.e. verbs with inflected past and future forms):
 *''juð'' 'to be' (the past form ''han'' is cognate to Arabic ''kāna'')
-*''fluð'' 'to do' (from *ʕaśō, with contamination from *paȝal)
+*''śuð'' 'to do' (from *ʕaśō, with contamination from *paȝal)
 *''buð'' 'to come' (with suppletion of *2atō and *bô); ''bu'' is still used as a directional
 *''leht'' 'to go' (from *halak)
@@ Line 236: / Line 236: @@
 Their forms have become more similar to each other due to analogy.
-Knench maintains a distinction between independent and dependent forms for finite verbs, like Old Irish. The independent forms come from the Ancient Knench waw-consecutive. Using a preverb such as ''lu'' 'not', ''xi'' 'that', or ''śə'' '(emphatic preverb, from the infinitive absolute *3aśū of *3aśō 'to do')' requires the dependent form. Dependent past forms and future forms are formally identical to independent future forms and past forms, respectively, except forms of ''juð'' 'to be' which are a little different from the independent forms.
+Knench maintains a distinction between independent and dependent forms for finite verbs, like Old Irish. The independent forms come from the Ancient Knench waw-consecutive. Using a preverb such as ''lu'' 'not', ''xi'' 'that', or ''śə'' '(emphatic preverb, from the infinitive absolute *3aśū of *3aśō 'to do')' requires the dependent form. Dependent past forms and future forms are formally identical to independent future forms and past forms, respectively, except forms of ''juð'' 'to be' and ''śuð'' 'to do' which are a little different from the independent forms.
 Even verbs with finite forms are defective verbs, since finite forms are always perfective (except forms of ''juð''). To express the imperfective with these verbs, you still have to use the copula + bə + VN construction. The negator ''lu'' only negates finite verbs.