Akhyan: Difference between revisions

Verbs in Akhyan are classified into three primary categories according to transitivity: Transitive ('''Kerraż'''), Intransitive ('''Padaizma'''), and Ambitransitive ('''Dosthu'''). Transitive verbs, such as '''Girtan''' “to carry”, require a direct object to complete their meaning. In contrast, intransitive verbs like '''Naman''' “to sleep” function independently of an object. Ambitransitive verbs demonstrate greater flexibility, operating as either transitive or intransitive depending on syntactic context.

Verbs are fundamentally composed of a root, conventionally represented by the mathematical symbol √. This root serves as the base form from which various grammatical features such as tense, person, number, mood, and voice, where they are all derived through morphological modification. For example, the root '''√girt'''- functions as the base for the verb Girtan, meaning “to carry.” Some modifications are simple, meanwhile others can be complex & even incorporate two modification methods together.

Infinitives are formed through affixing '''-an''' into a verb root. For example, the infinitive of a verb root '''√niut-''' "to dance" is '''Niutan'''. Imperatives can be formed through removing the '''n''' from a verb in the infinitive, leaving only the verb root without the asat. To illustrate, the '''n''' is omitted from the verb '''Niutan''', leaving '''Niuta''' as the imperative. This process is regular and applies to all verbs

The imperative stem, derived from the infinitive form by omitting the final '''''-n''''', serves as the foundational base for constructing several participial forms, most notably the aorist & future participles. In contrast, the present & perfect participles are formed directly from the verb root itself. The range of resulting participial forms is illustrated below by the word '''Thiźan''' "to tell" (root: '''√thiź-''')