Gomin: Difference between revisions

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Linguistically, Gomin is a Vekandic language, making it a sister language of [[Vekanda]], another official language of Minūrun; both languages are also [[w:Pitch-accent language|pitch-accent languages]] and agglutinative, with fairly similar grammars.

==Phonology==

===Consonants===

{| class=wikitable style="text-align: center;"

! !! Bilabial !! Dental !! Alveolar !! Palatal !! Velar !! Glottal

|-

! Nasal

| m || || n || ɲ || ŋ ||

|-

! Stop

| p b || || t d || (c) ɟ || k g || (ʔ)

|-

! Fricative

| || θ ð || s z || ʃ || ç || h (ɦ)

|-

! Tap

| || || ɾ || || ||

|-

! Trill

| || || r̥ r || || ||

|-

! Semivowel

| w || || || j || ɰ ||

|}

Like in [[w:Spanish language|Spanish]], [[w:Voiced alveolar tap|tap]] /ɾ/ and [[w:Alveolar trill|trills]] /r̥ r/ are only contrastive word-medially, as in ''nyeru'' "lake turtle" vs ''nyerru'' "peach"; in word-initial positions, only the trills /r̥ r/ are contrastive, as in ''rhega'' "dame, lady" vs ''rega'' "truth".

/c/ has been fricativised to /ç/ in most dialects. However, some speakers in Western Suksapal around the town of Gashasúura (Minurese: ''Kassasūḷa'') still pronounce it as a stop especially when adjacent to another consonant, such as in ''sur'''q'''á'' "speed" [suɾcá] (cf. standard pronunciation [suɾçá]).

===Vowels===

{| class=wikitable style="text-align: center;"

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Additionally, all these vowels are distinguished via [[#Vowel classes|vowel class]]; see the [[#Vowel classes|following section]] for more.

====Vowel classes====

Gomin vowels are divided into four vowel classes: '''short''', '''long''', '''high short''' and '''high long'''; these are phonemically distinguished by vowel [[w:Vowel length|length]] and [[w:Pitch-accented language|pitch]].

Gomin vowels are divided into four vowel classes: '''short''' (''muz''), '''long''' (''soo''), '''high short''' (''sháamuz'') and '''high long''' (''sháasoo''); these are phonemically distinguished by vowel [[w:Vowel length|length]] and [[w:Pitch-accented language|pitch]].

{| class=wikitable style="text-align: center;"

! !! Short !! Long

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| [á]<br>''b'''á''''' [bá] "not" || [áː]<br>''b'''áa''''' [báː] "high"

|}

High long vowels may also be realised as a long [[w:Tone (linguistics)|falling tone]] vowel, especially among younger speakers.

[[Category:Gomin]] [[Category:Languages]] [[Category:Conlangs]] [[Category:Radael]]

@@ Line 21: / Line 21: @@
 Linguistically, Gomin is a Vekandic language, making it a sister language of [[Vekanda]], another official language of Minūrun; both languages are also [[w:Pitch-accent language|pitch-accent languages]] and agglutinative, with fairly similar grammars.
 ==Phonology==
+===Consonants===
+{| class=wikitable style="text-align: center;"
+! !! Bilabial !! Dental !! Alveolar !!  Palatal !! Velar !! Glottal
+|-
+! Nasal
+| m || || n || ɲ || ŋ ||
+|-
+! Stop
+| p b || || t d || (c) ɟ || k g || (ʔ)
+|-
+! Fricative
+| || θ ð || s z || ʃ || ç || h (ɦ)
+|-
+! Tap
+| || || ɾ || || ||
+|-
+! Trill
+| || || r̥ r || || ||
+|-
+! Semivowel
+| w || || || j || ɰ ||
+|}
+Like in [[w:Spanish language|Spanish]], [[w:Voiced alveolar tap|tap]] /ɾ/ and [[w:Alveolar trill|trills]] /r̥ r/ are only contrastive word-medially, as in ''nyeru'' "lake turtle" vs ''nyerru'' "peach"; in word-initial positions, only the trills /r̥ r/ are contrastive, as in ''rhega'' "dame, lady" vs ''rega'' "truth".
+/c/ has been fricativised to /ç/ in most dialects. However, some speakers in Western Suksapal around the town of Gashasúura (Minurese: ''Kassasūḷa'') still pronounce it as a stop especially when adjacent to another consonant, such as in ''sur'''q'''á'' "speed" [suɾcá] (cf. standard pronunciation [suɾçá]).
 ===Vowels===
 {| class=wikitable style="text-align: center;"
@@ Line 38: / Line 63: @@
 Additionally, all these vowels are distinguished via [[#Vowel classes|vowel class]]; see the [[#Vowel classes|following section]] for more.
 ====Vowel classes====
-Gomin vowels are divided into four vowel classes: '''short''', '''long''', '''high short''' and '''high long'''; these are phonemically distinguished by vowel [[w:Vowel length|length]] and [[w:Pitch-accented language|pitch]].
+Gomin vowels are divided into four vowel classes: '''short''' (''muz''), '''long''' (''soo''), '''high short''' (''sháamuz'') and '''high long''' (''sháasoo''); these are phonemically distinguished by vowel [[w:Vowel length|length]] and [[w:Pitch-accented language|pitch]].
 {| class=wikitable style="text-align: center;"
 ! !! Short !! Long
@@ Line 48: / Line 73: @@
 | [á]<br>''b'''á''''' [bá] "not" || [áː]<br>''b'''áa''''' [báː] "high"
 |}
+High long vowels may also be realised as a long [[w:Tone (linguistics)|falling tone]] vowel, especially among younger speakers.
 [[Category:Gomin]] [[Category:Languages]] [[Category:Conlangs]] [[Category:Radael]]