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*The dental stops ''d'', ''t'', ''n'', which are pronounced /t, tʰ, n/. When geminated they are pronounced /ʔt, ht, tn/ respectively. | *The dental stops ''d'', ''t'', ''n'', which are pronounced /t, tʰ, n/. When geminated they are pronounced /ʔt, ht, tn/ respectively. | ||
*The lateral affricates ''dλ'', ''ξ'', which are pronounced /tɬ, tɬʰ/. When geminated they are pronounced /ʔtɬ, htɬ/ respectively. | *The lateral affricates ''dλ'', ''ξ'', which are pronounced /tɬ, tɬʰ/. When geminated they are pronounced /ʔtɬ, htɬ/ respectively. | ||
*The alveolar affricates ''dz'', ''c'', which are pronounced /ts, tsʰ/. When geminated they are pronounced /ʔts, hts/ respectively. | *The alveolar affricates ''dz'', ''c'', which are pronounced /ts, tsʰ/. When geminated they are pronounced /ʔts, hts/ respectively. | ||
*The fricatives ''h'', ''σ | *The fricatives ''h'', ''σ'', ''s'', which are pronounced /x, ɬ, s/ respectively. | ||
*The labials ''b'', ''p'', ''m'', which are pronounced /p, pʰ, m/. When geminated they are pronounced /ʔp, hp, pm/ respectively. | *The labials ''b'', ''p'', ''m'', which are pronounced /p, pʰ, m/. When geminated they are pronounced /ʔp, hp, pm/ respectively. | ||
*The resonants ''l'', ''r'', ''v'' pronounced /l, r, v/. When geminated they are pronounced /tl, tr, kv/ respectively. | *The resonants ''l'', ''r'', ''v'' pronounced /l, r, v/. When geminated they are pronounced /tl, tr, kv/ respectively.<!-- | ||
*The voiceless resonants ''hm, hn, hŋ, hl, hr, hv, hj'', which are pronounced /m̥, n̥, ŋ̊, ɬ, r̥, kv, ç/.--> | |||
The majority of consonants come in expected plain and palatalized pairs. Exceptions are noted here: | |||
*Hard ''dž'', ''č'' are pronounced /q, qʰ/. When geminated they are pronounced /ʔq, hq/ respectively. | |||
*Soft ''dž'', ''č'' are pronounced /tʂ, tʂʰ/. When geminated they are pronounced /ʔtʃ, htʃ/ respectively. | |||
*Hard ''þ'', ''ð'', ''š'' are pronounced /ħ, ʕ, χ/ respectively. | |||
*Soft ''þ'', ''ð'', ''š'' are pronounced /ɕ, ʑ, ʂ/ respectively. | |||
*Soft ''f'', ''v'' are pronounced /ç, j/ respectively. | |||
===Vowels=== | ===Vowels=== |
Revision as of 04:02, 15 August 2016
Dry Icelandic is a language in the Ftseezhic branch of the Mustlup family. It is inspired by Icelandic and Scottish Gaelic.
Phonology
Consonants
Dry Icelandic uses the following consonants:
- The velar stops g, k, ŋ, which are pronounced /k, kʰ, ŋ/. When geminated they are pronounced /ʔk, hk, kŋ/ respectively.
- The dental stops d, t, n, which are pronounced /t, tʰ, n/. When geminated they are pronounced /ʔt, ht, tn/ respectively.
- The lateral affricates dλ, ξ, which are pronounced /tɬ, tɬʰ/. When geminated they are pronounced /ʔtɬ, htɬ/ respectively.
- The alveolar affricates dz, c, which are pronounced /ts, tsʰ/. When geminated they are pronounced /ʔts, hts/ respectively.
- The fricatives h, σ, s, which are pronounced /x, ɬ, s/ respectively.
- The labials b, p, m, which are pronounced /p, pʰ, m/. When geminated they are pronounced /ʔp, hp, pm/ respectively.
- The resonants l, r, v pronounced /l, r, v/. When geminated they are pronounced /tl, tr, kv/ respectively.
The majority of consonants come in expected plain and palatalized pairs. Exceptions are noted here:
- Hard dž, č are pronounced /q, qʰ/. When geminated they are pronounced /ʔq, hq/ respectively.
- Soft dž, č are pronounced /tʂ, tʂʰ/. When geminated they are pronounced /ʔtʃ, htʃ/ respectively.
- Hard þ, ð, š are pronounced /ħ, ʕ, χ/ respectively.
- Soft þ, ð, š are pronounced /ɕ, ʑ, ʂ/ respectively.
- Soft f, v are pronounced /ç, j/ respectively.
Vowels
Dry Icelandic has 2 short vowels and 5 long vowels.
- Short vowels: a ja y i = /a ʲa ɨ ʲi/
- Long vowels: á já é jé ý í ó jó ú jú = /aː ʲaː ea ʲea əi ʲəi oa ʲoa əu ʲəu/