Chlouvānem: Difference between revisions

Line 1,502:

* ''lgut'' (to buy) → ''lgotanah'' (shopping)

'''-yāva''' ~~plus either middle- or high-grade ablaut~~ denotes a quality.

'''-yāva''' with lengthening denotes a quality.

* ''māl'' (to keep together) → ''mālyāva'' (union)

* ''hælvė'' (fruit) → ''~~hælvėyāva~~'' (fertility)

* ''hælvė'' (fruit) → ''šaulvyāva'' (fertility) (morphemically //hьaulvyava//)

* ''blut'' (to clean) → ''~~blotyāva~~'' (cleanliness)

* ''blut'' (to clean) → ''blūtyāva'' (cleanliness)

* Lengthening is absent if the word is derived from an adjective (e.g. ''chlærausis'' (easy) → ''chlærausyāva'' (easiness)) and in a few exceptions (e.g. ''lalla'' (high) → ''lalliyāva'' (highness, superiority)). ''taugyāva'' (life) has ''au'' because it's derived from ''taugikā'' (heart) and not the bare root ''tug'' (to beat).

* Inverse-ablaut roots have the reduced vowel as a prefix, much like in causative verbs (e.g. ''vald'' (to (be) open) → ''uvaldyāva'' (opening, state of being open)).

'''-išam''' has the same meaning as ''-yāva'', but it's rarer.

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* ''yųl'' (to eat) → ''yųlāvi'' (strength ''(literary, rare)'')

'''-āmis''' means "made of X".

'''-āmis''', with lengthening, means "made of X".

* ''tāmira'' (rock, stone) → ''tāmirāmis'' (stone tool)

* ''tarlā'' (knowledge, science) → ''~~tarlāmis~~'' (wisdom)

* ''tarlā'' (knowledge, science) → ''tārlāmis'' (wisdom)

* ''lil'' (to live) → ''~~lilāmis~~'' (a blissful place)

* ''lil'' (to live) → ''līlāmis'' (a blissful place)

* Words ending in a final long vowel (plus either ''h'', ''s'', or ''m'') do not lengthen any vowel in a previous syllable (e.g. ''ñariāh'' (mountain) → ''ñariāmis'' (mountainous area)).

'''-ikā''' has various meanings, often somewhat abstract, intensive, or related to highly valued things/roles.

@@ Line 1,502: / Line 1,502: @@
 *  ''lgut'' (to buy) → ''lgotanah'' (shopping)
-'''-yāva''' plus either middle- or high-grade ablaut denotes a quality.<br/>
+'''-yāva''' with lengthening denotes a quality.<br/>
 *  ''māl'' (to keep together) → ''mālyāva'' (union)<br/>
-*  ''hælvė'' (fruit) → ''hælvėyāva'' (fertility)<br/>
+*  ''hælvė'' (fruit) → ''šaulvyāva'' (fertility) (morphemically //hьaulvyava//)<br/>
-*  ''blut'' (to clean) → ''blotyāva'' (cleanliness)
+*  ''blut'' (to clean) → ''blūtyāva'' (cleanliness)
+* Lengthening is absent if the word is derived from an adjective (e.g. ''chlærausis'' (easy) → ''chlærausyāva'' (easiness)) and in a few exceptions (e.g. ''lalla'' (high) → ''lalliyāva'' (highness, superiority)). ''taugyāva'' (life) has ''au'' because it's derived from ''taugikā'' (heart) and not the bare root ''tug'' (to beat).
+* Inverse-ablaut roots have the reduced vowel as a prefix, much like in causative verbs (e.g. ''vald'' (to (be) open) → ''uvaldyāva'' (opening, state of being open)).
 '''-išam''' has the same meaning as ''-yāva'', but it's rarer.<br/>
@@ Line 1,547: / Line 1,549: @@
 *  ''yųl'' (to eat) → ''yųlāvi'' (strength <small>''(literary, rare)''</small>)
-'''-āmis''' means "made of X".<br/>
+'''-āmis''', with lengthening, means "made of X".<br/>
 *  ''tāmira'' (rock, stone) → ''tāmirāmis'' (stone tool)<br/>
-*  ''tarlā'' (knowledge, science) → ''tarlāmis'' (wisdom)<br/>
+*  ''tarlā'' (knowledge, science) → ''tārlāmis'' (wisdom)<br/>
-*  ''lil'' (to live) → ''lilāmis'' (a blissful place)
+*  ''lil'' (to live) → ''līlāmis'' (a blissful place)
+* Words ending in a final long vowel (plus either ''h'', ''s'', or ''m'') do not lengthen any vowel in a previous syllable (e.g. ''ñariāh'' (mountain) → ''ñariāmis'' (mountainous area)).
 '''-ikā''' has various meanings, often somewhat abstract, intensive, or related to highly valued things/roles.<br/>