Chlouvānem: Difference between revisions
No edit summary |
|||
| Line 976: | Line 976: | ||
| 3PL || nāmv'''axhiṣmāta''' || maiš'''irxhiṣmāta''' | | 3PL || nāmv'''axhiṣmāta''' || maiš'''irxhiṣmāta''' | ||
|} | |} | ||
==== Voice marking ==== | |||
Chlouvānem has seven voices, marked by affixes added, in unprefixed verbs, at the end of the verb. As the patient-trigger voice (common voice in interior verbs) is unmarked, the six voice markers are: | |||
* '''-ça''' for agent-trigger voice (in exterior verbs only); | |||
* '''-kæ''' for benefactive-trigger voice; | |||
* '''-tū''' ('''-tur''' non-finally) for antibenefactive-trigger voice; | |||
* '''-pan''' for locative-trigger voice; | |||
* '''-mea''' for instrumental-trigger voice; | |||
* '''-ūsi''' for dative-trigger voice. | |||
Examples of voice marking are ''męliė'' (he/she/it is given) — ''męliėça'' (he/she/it gives) — ''męliėkæ'' (something is given for him/her/it) — ''męliėtū'' (something is given against him/her/it) — ''męliėpan'' (something is given in him/her/it) — ''męliėmea'' (something is given with him/her/it) — ''męliegūsi'' (something is given to . | |||
In prefixed verbs, voice marking is a bit different as the voice marker is inserted between the prefix and the stem, thus forms like ''vīvaiyųlė'' (he/she/it is eaten too much) → ''vīvaiçayųlė'' (he/she/it eats too much). Saṃdhi is applied if needed, e.g. "something is eaten for him/her/it directly from a tree" is ''taktæyųlė'' (morphemically ''tad-kæ-yųlė'', verb ''tadyųlake''). | |||
====The subjunctive mood==== | ====The subjunctive mood==== | ||