Chlouvānem: Difference between revisions

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** Future, if the condition will be met in the future. This is often accurately translated as "when... then..."; the if-clause is in hypothetical perfective and the main in indicative future: ''drānçaçait fluniṣṭām yųlumbuça'' - when you will have done it, we [two]'ll go eat.

* ''Hypothetical conditional'': hypothetic and often counterfactual statement, distinguishing two tenses:

** Non-past, typically used for completely unreal statements whose implications would be active in the present or in the future; both clauses are in the hypothetical mood, the if-one in the either aspect and the main in the imperfective, usually divided by ''mārim'' if they're in the same aspect (here meaning "then"): ''~~rahėllila~~ gyatiam mārim dadarasyasusat tṛlirtam'' - if I were a doctor, I would know what's to be done // ''~~rahėllila~~ gyāttiam dadarasyasusat tṛlirtam'' - if I had been a doctor, I would know what's to be done.

** Non-past, typically used for completely unreal statements whose implications would be active in the present or in the future; both clauses are in the hypothetical mood, the if-one in the either aspect and the main in the imperfective, usually divided by ''mārim'' if they're in the same aspect (here meaning "then"): ''rahėlliląs gyatiam mārim dadarasyasusat tṛlirtam'' - if I were a doctor, I would know what's to be done // ''rahėlliląs gyāttiam dadarasyasusat tṛlirtam'' - if I had been a doctor, I would know what's to be done.

** Past, used for implications which could have been true in the past but weren't; both clauses are in hypothetical perfective, usually divided by ''mārim'': ''~~rahėllila~~ gyāttiam mārim dadarasyasusat tṛlertiam'' - if I had been a doctor, I would have known what had to be done<ref>Note that "what had to be done" translates a present participle, as the tense of the participle is subordinate to the main verb. Using the aorist or perfect participle would result in the meaning of "what had had to be done".</ref>.

** Past, used for implications which could have been true in the past but weren't; both clauses are in hypothetical perfective, usually divided by ''mārim'': ''rahėlliląs gyāttiam mārim dadarasyasusat tṛlertiam'' - if I had been a doctor, I would have known what had to be done<ref>Note that "what had to be done" translates a present participle, as the tense of the participle is subordinate to the main verb. Using the aorist or perfect participle would result in the meaning of "what had had to be done".</ref>.

==Vocabulary==

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 ** Future, if the condition will be met in the future. This is often accurately translated as "when... then..."; the if-clause is in hypothetical perfective and the main in indicative future: ''drānçaçait fluniṣṭām yųlumbuça'' - when you will have done it, we [two]'ll go eat.
 * ''Hypothetical conditional'': hypothetic and often counterfactual statement, distinguishing two tenses:
-** Non-past, typically used for completely unreal statements whose implications would be active in the present or in the future; both clauses are in the hypothetical mood, the if-one in the either aspect and the main in the imperfective, usually divided by ''mārim'' if they're in the same aspect (here meaning "then"): ''rahėllila gyatiam mārim dadarasyasusat tṛlirtam'' - if I were a doctor, I would know what's to be done // ''rahėllila gyāttiam dadarasyasusat tṛlirtam'' - if I had been a doctor, I would know what's to be done.
+** Non-past, typically used for completely unreal statements whose implications would be active in the present or in the future; both clauses are in the hypothetical mood, the if-one in the either aspect and the main in the imperfective, usually divided by ''mārim'' if they're in the same aspect (here meaning "then"): ''rahėlliląs gyatiam mārim dadarasyasusat tṛlirtam'' - if I were a doctor, I would know what's to be done // ''rahėlliląs gyāttiam dadarasyasusat tṛlirtam'' - if I had been a doctor, I would know what's to be done.
-** Past, used for implications which could have been true in the past but weren't; both clauses are in hypothetical perfective, usually divided by ''mārim'': ''rahėllila gyāttiam mārim dadarasyasusat tṛlertiam'' - if I had been a doctor, I would have known what had to be done<ref>Note that "what had to be done" translates a present participle, as the tense of the participle is subordinate to the main verb. Using the aorist or perfect participle would result in the meaning of "what had had to be done".</ref>.
+** Past, used for implications which could have been true in the past but weren't; both clauses are in hypothetical perfective, usually divided by ''mārim'': ''rahėlliląs gyāttiam mārim dadarasyasusat tṛlertiam'' - if I had been a doctor, I would have known what had to be done<ref>Note that "what had to be done" translates a present participle, as the tense of the participle is subordinate to the main verb. Using the aorist or perfect participle would result in the meaning of "what had had to be done".</ref>.
 ==Vocabulary==