Chlouvānem: Difference between revisions

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===Personal names===

''→ Main article: [[Chlouvānem/Names|Chlouvānem names]]''

===Gendered and gender-neutral terms===

Chlouvānem is, when it comes to natural gender, mostly a genderless language. People are always invariably referred to with parrot gender pronouns and adjectives, unless the noun referring to them is of another grammatical gender (but note that given names are always parrot regardless of their ending).

Natural gendered nouns are few and mostly limited to the family and the most basic terms such as “woman” or “man”. Here follows a thematic list of all basic (non-compound) gendered terms in Chlouvānem, many of which have three forms - female, male, and non-binary. There are, optionally, more non-binary forms in order to be more specific, but they’re usually compound words and as such not listed here. Note that the female and male terms can also refer to non-binary people more towards the respective end of the spectrum, particularly when there are only two terms (e.g. with siblings and siblings-in-law):

* Basic identifiers: '''lila''' is the standard term for all people, independent of natural gender, and it is also the usual non-binary term (in more limited contexts, it can actually refer to every living thing - humans and animals, sometimes also plants; etymologically it does indeed come from the root ''lil-'' “to live”); '''hulin''' “woman, female”, '''dralkam''' “man, male”;

* Younger people (up to ca. 25 years) - '''jāyim''' “girl”, '''saṃhāram''' “boy”, '''nājhali''' (non-binary equivalent);<ref>In Classical Chlouvānem attested with the meaning of "wunderkind".</ref>.

** The following also all translate as “girl” (hyponims of ''jāyim''): '''dakhītah''' and '''phīya''' (the latter literary and/or gerontolectal) (both "young girl", about 9-18 years), '''yaṃganīh''' (fairly colloquial, mostly used between similar-aged people; also frequently non-binary); '''blikā''' (colloquial, often as an endearment (think Japanese -chan and -tan)), '''larḍhīka''' (somewhat respectful; 18-25 years. Think of “lady”, “maid”).

** '''lorkhās''' also translates as "boy", but it's fairly colloquial and can sometimes be somewhat rude.

** '''samin''' “child” is gender-neutral (newborns (up to around their 5th year) are considered genderless in Chlouvānem culture).

* Parents: '''meinā''' “mother”, '''buinā''' “father” — honorific terms: respectively '''nāḍima''', '''tāmvāram''';

** Other older relatives: '''paṣmeinā''' “grandmother”, '''pābuinā''' “grandfather”; '''āmpaṣmeinā''', '''āmpābuinā''' "great-grandmother/father";

* Parents' siblings and their spouses - note that here the main focus is on marriage relationship, gender is secondary: '''naimā''' “aunt” (mother’s sister), '''naimåkās''' (mother’s sister’s spouse); '''vahūm''' “uncle” (brother of either parent) '''vahīlema''' (a parent’s brother’s spouse); '''hėmiva''' “aunt” (father’s sister), '''hėmuikās''' (father’s sister’s spouse).

The terms for siblings and cousins vary for relative gender and age. There’s no standard use for non-binary people, but the “opposite” terms ''(nėma)ñæltah''/''(nėma)glūkam'' are the most neutral ones. Note that ''(nėma)kordām'' is not acceptable as a gender-neutral term as its main focus is on age.

* Siblings - for a female: '''glūkam''' “brother”, '''buneya''' “older sister” (or twin), '''kalineh''' “younger sister” siblings - for a male: '''ñæltah''' “sister”, '''praškas''' “older brother” (or twin), '''nālis''' “younger brother”;

** '''kordām''' is a gender-independent term used for all younger siblings which are still considered samin/children. Note also that the collective term for all siblings is '''ñæltilāṇa'''.

* Cousins (mother’s sister’s children) - for a female: '''nėmaglūkam''' “male cousin”, '''nėmabuneya''' “female older cousin” (or of the same age), '''nėmakalineh''' “female younger cousin”;

* Cousins (mother’s sister’s children) - for a male: '''nėmañæltah''' “female cousin”, '''nėmapraškas''' “male older cousin” (or of the same age), '''nėmanālis''' “male younger cousin”.

** Like for siblings, '''nėmakordām''' is used gender-independently for all younger cousins which are still considered samin/children. The collective term for all cousins (one’s mother’s sister’s children) is '''nėmañæltilāṇa'''.

** Note, though, that cousins from other relatives have gender-independent terms: '''vaišcañėh''' (son or daughter of a parent’s brother (''vahūm'')), '''heiñcañėh''' (son or daughter (son or daughter of the father’s sister (''hėmiva'')).

* Children: '''maiha''' “daughter” (also used for sons while they’re still considered samin/kids, as well as the generic term for offspring), '''purvās''' “son”;

* Partners and spouses - married: '''laleichim''' “wife”, '''rūdakis''' “husband”; unmarried: '''laftrækna''' “girlfriend, boyfriend, significant other, partner” — honorific counterparts: '''faitlañši''', '''šulañšoe''', '''lilelkhlafluṃsusah''';

* Sisters-in-law: '''bhāmarah''' (spouse of a female’s brother), '''sašvātīh''' (spouse of a male’s brother);

* Brothers-in-law: '''ryujīnam''' (spouse of a female’s sister), '''kānāsam''' (spouse of a male’s sister).

Also gendered are the two terms ''šåkham'' "king" and ''šåkhisseh'' "queen"; keep in mind, though, that Chlouvānem never had kings or queens and these words exists as translation for culturally foreign concepts.

===Territorial subdivisions of the Inquisition===

@@ Line 861: / Line 861: @@
 ===Personal names===
 ''→ Main article: [[Chlouvānem/Names|Chlouvānem names]]''
+===Gendered and gender-neutral terms===
+Chlouvānem is, when it comes to natural gender, mostly a genderless language. People are always invariably referred to with parrot gender pronouns and adjectives, unless the noun referring to them is of another grammatical gender (but note that given names are always parrot regardless of their ending).
+Natural gendered nouns are few and mostly limited to the family and the most basic terms such as “woman” or “man”. Here follows a thematic list of all basic (non-compound) gendered terms in Chlouvānem, many of which have three forms - female, male, and non-binary. There are, optionally, more non-binary forms in order to be more specific, but they’re usually compound words and as such not listed here. Note that the female and male terms can also refer to non-binary people more towards the respective end of the spectrum, particularly when there are only two terms (e.g. with siblings and siblings-in-law):
+* Basic identifiers: '''lila''' is the standard term for all people, independent of natural gender, and it is also the usual non-binary term (in more limited contexts, it can actually refer to every living thing - humans and animals, sometimes also plants; etymologically it does indeed come from the root ''lil-'' “to live”); '''hulin''' “woman, female”, '''dralkam''' “man, male”;
+* Younger people (up to ca. 25 years) - '''jāyim''' “girl”, '''saṃhāram''' “boy”, '''nājhali''' (non-binary equivalent);<ref>In Classical Chlouvānem attested with the meaning of "wunderkind".</ref>.
+** The following also all translate as “girl” (hyponims of ''jāyim''): '''dakhītah''' and '''phīya''' (the latter literary and/or gerontolectal) (both "young girl", about 9-18 years), '''yaṃganīh''' (fairly colloquial, mostly used between similar-aged people; also frequently non-binary); '''blikā''' (colloquial, often as an endearment (think Japanese -chan and -tan)), '''larḍhīka''' (somewhat respectful; 18-25 years. Think of “lady”, “maid”).
+** '''lorkhās''' also translates as "boy", but it's fairly colloquial and can sometimes be somewhat rude.
+** '''samin''' “child” is gender-neutral (newborns (up to around their 5th year) are considered genderless in Chlouvānem culture).
+* Parents: '''meinā''' “mother”, '''buinā''' “father” — honorific terms: respectively '''nāḍima''', '''tāmvāram''';
+** Other older relatives: '''paṣmeinā''' “grandmother”, '''pābuinā''' “grandfather”; '''āmpaṣmeinā''', '''āmpābuinā''' "great-grandmother/father";
+* Parents' siblings and their spouses - note that here the main focus is on marriage relationship, gender is secondary: '''naimā''' “aunt” (mother’s sister), '''naimåkās''' (mother’s sister’s spouse); '''vahūm''' “uncle” (brother of either parent) '''vahīlema''' (a parent’s brother’s spouse); '''hėmiva''' “aunt” (father’s sister), '''hėmuikās''' (father’s sister’s spouse).
+The terms for siblings and cousins vary for relative gender and age. There’s no standard use for non-binary people, but the “opposite” terms ''(nėma)ñæltah''/''(nėma)glūkam'' are the most neutral ones. Note that ''(nėma)kordām'' is not acceptable as a gender-neutral term as its main focus is on age.
+* Siblings - for a female: '''glūkam''' “brother”, '''buneya''' “older sister” (or twin), '''kalineh''' “younger sister” siblings - for a male: '''ñæltah''' “sister”, '''praškas''' “older brother” (or twin), '''nālis''' “younger brother”;
+** '''kordām''' is a gender-independent term used for all younger siblings which are still considered samin/children. Note also that the collective term for all siblings is '''ñæltilāṇa'''.
+* Cousins (mother’s sister’s children) - for a female: '''nėmaglūkam''' “male cousin”, '''nėmabuneya''' “female older cousin” (or of the same age), '''nėmakalineh''' “female younger cousin”;
+* Cousins (mother’s sister’s children) - for a male: '''nėmañæltah''' “female cousin”, '''nėmapraškas''' “male older cousin” (or of the same age), '''nėmanālis''' “male younger cousin”.
+** Like for siblings, '''nėmakordām''' is used gender-independently for all younger cousins which are still considered samin/children. The collective term for all cousins (one’s mother’s sister’s children) is '''nėmañæltilāṇa'''.
+** Note, though, that cousins from other relatives have gender-independent terms: '''vaišcañėh''' (son or daughter of a parent’s brother (''vahūm'')), '''heiñcañėh''' (son or daughter (son or daughter of the father’s sister (''hėmiva'')).
+* Children: '''maiha''' “daughter” (also used for sons while they’re still considered samin/kids, as well as the generic term for offspring), '''purvās''' “son”;
+* Partners and spouses - married: '''laleichim''' “wife”, '''rūdakis''' “husband”; unmarried: '''laftrækna''' “girlfriend, boyfriend, significant other, partner” — honorific counterparts: '''faitlañši''', '''šulañšoe''', '''lilelkhlafluṃsusah''';
+* Sisters-in-law: '''bhāmarah''' (spouse of a female’s brother), '''sašvātīh''' (spouse of a male’s brother);
+* Brothers-in-law: '''ryujīnam''' (spouse of a female’s sister), '''kānāsam''' (spouse of a male’s sister).
+Also gendered are the two terms ''šåkham'' "king" and ''šåkhisseh'' "queen"; keep in mind, though, that Chlouvānem never had kings or queens and these words exists as translation for culturally foreign concepts.
 ===Territorial subdivisions of the Inquisition===