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==Phonology==
==Phonology==
===Consonants===
{{PAGENAME}} used 18 consonants (only two more than [[Phormatolidin]]).
{| border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="width:700px;text-align:center;"
! colspan="2" |
!  |Labial
!  |Dental
!  |Alveolar
!  |Palatal
!  |Velar
!  |Radical
!  |Glottal
|-
! colspan="2" style="" |Nasal
| '''m''' /m/
|colspan="2"| '''n''' /n/
|
| [ŋ]
|
|
|-
! rowspan="2" |Plosive
! |<small>voiceless</small>
|
|colspan="2"| '''t''' /t/
|
| '''c''' /k/
| [ʡ]
|
|-
! |<small>voiced</small>
| '''b''' /b/
|colspan="2"| '''d''' /d/
|
| '''g''' /g/
|
|
|-
! rowspan="2" style="" |Fricative
! |<small>voiceless</small>
| '''φ''' /φ/
| '''θ''' /θ/
| '''s''' /s/
|
|
| '''ħ''' /ħ/
|rowspan="2" | '''h''' /h/
|-
! |<small>voiced</small>
|
| '''δ''' /ð/
| [z]
|
|
| '''ȝ''' /ʕ/
|-
! colspan="2" |Trill
|
|
| '''r''' /r/
|
|
|
|
|-
! colspan="2" |Approximant
| '''v''' /ʋ/
| '''l''' /l/
|
| '''j''' /j/
|
|
|
|}
;Notes
*Voiceless plosives /p t k/ are lightly aspirated in syllable onsets but are unaspirated after /s/. They're always unaspirated in certain areas.
*[ŋ] occurs as an allophone of /n/ before velars /k, g/.
*/r/ is an alveolar trill [r] or tap [ɾ].
*/l/ is dental [l̪].
*[z] occurs as an allophone of /s/ in /sb, sd, sg/.
*/ʕ/ is either a radical plosive [ʡ] or a radical approximant [ʕ]. The first realization is more common word-initially.
===Vowels===
{{PAGENAME}} had a five-vowel system with a quantity distinction.
{| border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="width: 540px; text-align:center;"
! rowspan="2" style="width: 90px; "|
! colspan="2" style="width: 90px; " |Front
! colspan="2" style="width: 90px; " |Central
! colspan="2" style="width: 90px; " |Back
|-
!style="width: 45px; "|<small>short</small>
!style="width: 45px; "|<small>long</small>
!style="width: 45px; "|<small>short</small>
!style="width: 45px; "|<small>long</small>
!style="width: 45px; "|<small>short</small>
!style="width: 45px; "|<small>long</small>
|-
! style="" |Close
| '''i''' /i/
| '''ī''' /iː/
|
|
| '''u''' /u/
| '''ū''' /uː/
|-
! style="" |Mid
| '''e''' /ɛ/
| '''ē''' /eː/
|
|
| '''o''' /ɔ/
| '''ō''' /oː/
|-
! style="" |Open
|
|
| '''a''' /a/
| '''ā''' /aː/
|
|
|}
Diphthongs: '''ae ao ui oi'''
===Stress===
Stress is word-initial, ignoring some unstressed prefixes such as pronominal object prefixes.
===Phonotactics===
====Allowed clusters====
*R = resonant X = obstruent
*Clusters allowed word-initially are in '''bold'''.
=====Geminates=====
*''mm nn ll rr φφ tt cc ss θθ''
=====RR=====
*'''''mn mr''' nl nv lm ln lv rl rm rn rv '''vl vr'''''
=====RX=====
*''mφ nt nθ ns nc nħ''
*''mb nd nδ ng nȝ''
*''lφ lb lt ld ls lc lg lȝ lħ''
*''rφ rb rt rd rs rθ rδ rc rg rȝ rħ''
=====XR=====
*'''''φn bn tn θn cn gn ȝn ħn'''''
*'''''sm sn sl sr sv'''''
*'''''φl bl tl dl cl gl ȝl ħl'''''
*'''''φr br tr dr θr δr cr gr ȝr ħr'''''
=====XX=====
*'''''sφ st sc sȝ''' sb sd sg''
*''cs ct ħs ħt''
=====XXR=====
*'''''sφr str scl scr sȝl sȝr'''''
===Phonological diachronics===
====Consonant correspondences====
*''b'' < PQ ''pʼ, b''
*''φ'' < PQ ''p''
*''t'' < PQ ''t, ƛ''
*''d'' < PQ ''tʼ, d''
*''θ'' < PQ ''ł''
*''δ'' < PQ ''ƛʼ''
*''s'' < PQ ''s, c, cʼ?''
*''c'' < PQ ''k, kʷ''
*''g'' < PQ ''kʼ, g''
*''ȝ'' < PQ ''q, qʷ, ɢ, ɢʷ''
*''ħ'' < PQ ''qʼ, qʷʼ''
*''h'' < PQ ''h''
*''m'' < PQ ''m, mʼ''
*''n'' < PQ ''n''
*''l'' < PQ ''l, λ''
*''r'' < PQ ''z, nʼ, lʼ, yʼ, cʼ''
*''v'' < PQ ''w, wʼ''
*''j'' < PQ ''y''
====Cluster resolution====
*''tp, tb, tk, tg'' > ''rφ, rb, rc, rg''
====Vowel reflexes====
Usually:
*{{recon|''a''}} > ''o''
*{{recon|''ax̌, əx̌, ax̌ʷ''}} > ''ā''
*{{recon|''aʔ, əx̌ʷ''}} > ''ō''
*{{recon|''ə''}} > ''e''
*{{recon|''i''}} > ''i''
*{{recon|''u''}} > ''u''
*{{recon|''ay''}} > ''ȳ''
*{{recon|''əy''}} > ''ae''
*{{recon|''uy''}} > ''ui''
*{{recon|''iy, iʔ, ix''}} > ''ī''
*{{recon|''aw''}} > ''ao''
*{{recon|''əw''}} > ''iō''
*{{recon|''iw''}} > ''iū''
*{{recon|''uʔ, ux, uw''}} > ''ū''
*{{recon|''Cx̌, Cx̌ʷ''}} > ''Ca''
*{{recon|''Cxʷ''}} > ''Co''
*{{recon|''Cx''}} > ''Cy''
*{{recon|''əʔ, əx, ix̌''}} > ''ē''
**or {{recon|''ix̌''}} > ''iā/ia/ea''?
*{{recon|''ux̌, x̌u''}} > ''ō''
*{{recon|''axʷ, ax̌ʷ''}} > ''ao''
*{{recon|''ix̌ʷ''}} > ''iō''
*{{recon|''ux̌ʷ''}} > ''ō''
*{{recon|''iyx̌, iyx̌ʷ''}} > ''iā''
*{{recon|''əyx̌, əyx̌ʷ''}} > ''eā''
*{{recon|''iy(ə)x''}} > ''iē''


==Orthography==
==Orthography==

Revision as of 22:41, 25 July 2017

Anbirese-English lexicon
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Anbirese
θensārimem
Pronunciation[/θensaːrimem/]
Created byIlL
SettingHussmauch
Extinct220 v.T.
Quihum
Language codes
ISO 639-3qth
This article contains IPA phonetic symbols. Without proper rendering support, you may see question marks, boxes, or other symbols instead of Unicode characters. For an introductory guide on IPA symbols, see Help:IPA.

Anbirese is the dominant modern Talmic language.

Todo

  • "Talma" is from what language? Sounds Clofabic or Talmic
  • Stannyssōs
  • ȝastranis = 'laugh'
  • gīθonis = 'fall'
  • insinis = 'settle'
  • s3ībinis = 'stretch'
  • ryncinis = 'turn'
  • svendonis? vendonis? aφo-endonis? = 'keep'
  • ēs-notinis = 'be quiet, lie dormant'

Background

See also: Proto-Talmic.

Phonology

Orthography

Alphabetical order: R D I A Ħ Φ M L G C H B S V O J Ȝ Δ Y T N Θ E U

Morphology

Main article: Thensarian/Morphology

Syntax

Like many of its descendants, Thensarian is almost completely head-initial (except for compounds).

Constituent order

Noun phrase

Verb phrase

Sentence phrase

Dependent clauses

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