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User:Waahlis/Sandbox/Ris: Difference between revisions
→Inversion of unergatives and unaccusatives
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Not all intransitive verbs are marked as described above. This only applies to Ris unaccusative verbs. The Ris unergative verbs instead inverse the marking, using the agentive as a default, low-control marking, and the patientive for high-control subjects. | Not all intransitive verbs are marked as described above. This only applies to Ris unaccusative verbs. The Ris unergative verbs instead inverse the marking, using the agentive as a default, low-control marking, and the patientive for high-control subjects. | ||
An unaccusative verb is a verb that has an experiencer as its subject, that is; the syntactic subject is not a semantic agent. When the subject is marked with the agentive, the agency, control and volition is increased, and it in effect becomes unergative. | An unaccusative verb is a verb that has an experiencer as its subject, that is; the syntactic subject is not a semantic agent. When the subject is marked with the agentive, the agency, control and volition is increased, and it in effect becomes unergative. It gives a sense of intent, and trying. | ||
{{Gloss | {{Gloss | ||
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|translation = I am trying to sleep. | |translation = I am trying to sleep. | ||
}} | }} | ||
Unergatives are intransitive verbs and have a semantic agent as their subject. When the subject is marked with the agentive case, the verb almost unaccusative, lowering the volition, control and agency with the syntactic subject. | Unergatives are intransitive verbs and have a semantic agent as their subject. When the subject is marked with the agentive case, the verb almost unaccusative, lowering the volition, control and agency with the syntactic subject. Thus, an unergative in the agentive conveys a feeling of involuntary actions, or trying. | ||
{{Gloss | |||
|phrase = Antiou rhaistos... | |||
|IPA = /ˈantjʊ r̥ʰaˈɔs/ | |||
|morphemes = anti-ou rha-ist-{{red|os}} | |||
|gloss = night.IV-LOC.DC to talk.ACT-IND.IMPV-{{red|INV.AGT}}.1.SG | |||
|translation = I sleep-talk in the night. | |||
}} | |||
{{Gloss | |||
|phrase = Ti rhās? | |||
|IPA = /tɪ ˈr̥ʰaːs/ | |||
|morphemes = ti rha-{{red|as}} | |||
|gloss = what.PAT.SG to talk.ACT.IND.PRFV-{{red|INV.AGT}}.1.SG | |||
|translation = What are you trying to say? | |||
}} | |||
{{Gloss | {{Gloss | ||
|phrase = Kinizas, kinizas! | |phrase = Kinizas, kinizas! | ||