Anbirese: Difference between revisions
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!colspan="2"|Nasal | !colspan="2"|Nasal | ||
| '''m''' /m | | '''m''' /m/ | ||
| ''' | | '''nh''' /ð̃/, '''n''' /n/ | ||
| ''' | | '''ńh''' /ɹ̃/, '''ń''' /ɲ/ | ||
| '''ŋ''' /ŋ | | '''ŋ''' /ŋ/ || | ||
|- | |- | ||
!rowspan="2"|Stop | !rowspan="2"|Stop | ||
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| || | | || | ||
|- | |- | ||
!rowspan="2"| | !rowspan="2"|Fricative | ||
!<small>unvoiced</small> | !<small>unvoiced</small> | ||
| '''f''' /f/ | | '''f''' /f/ | ||
| '''s''' /s/ | | '''s''' /s/ | ||
| '''ṡ''' /ʃ/ | | '''ṡ''' /ʃ/ | ||
| || '''h''' /h/ | | '''ch''' /x/ || '''h''' /h/ | ||
|- | |- | ||
!<small>voiced</small> | !<small>voiced</small> | ||
| | | '''v''' /v/ | ||
| '''z''' /z/ | | '''z''' /z/ | ||
| '''ż''' /ʒ/ | | '''ż''' /ʒ/ | ||
| || | | '''gh''' /ɣ/ || | ||
|- | |- | ||
!colspan="2"| Liquid | !colspan="2"| Liquid | ||
Revision as of 06:01, 27 January 2018
Tumacan (Tȯmakav) is a minority language in the Tigolic subbranch of the Talmic languages. It is notable for its relatively conservative verb system.
Phonology
Loosely "Kashubian" to Anvyrese's Polish.
Morphology
| Labial | Dental/Alveolar | Palatal | Velar | Glottal | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nasal | m /m/ | nh /ð̃/, n /n/ | ńh /ɹ̃/, ń /ɲ/ | ŋ /ŋ/ | ||
| Stop | fortis | p /p/ | t /t/ | c /k/ | ||
| lenis | b /b/ | d /d/ | g /g/ | |||
| Affricate | fortis | ț /ts/ | ċ /tʃ/ | |||
| lenis | ḑ /dz/ | ġ /dʒ/ | ||||
| Fricative | unvoiced | f /f/ | s /s/ | ṡ /ʃ/ | ch /x/ | h /h/ |
| voiced | v /v/ | z /z/ | ż /ʒ/ | gh /ɣ/ | ||
| Liquid | r /ɾ/, rr /r/ | ṙ /ɹ/ | ||||
| Approximant | l /ɫ/ | j /j/, ll /ʎː/ | ||||
Morphology
Nouns
Nouns are relatively simple (comparable to my old Tíogall).
Two states: absolute and construct.
Verbs
Tumacan verbs have two tenses (nonpast and past) and two aspects (imperfective and perfective). The imperfective-perfective distinction is characterized by allomorphy inherited from Old Eevo. (The perfective form derives from adding a prefix, which causes the verb to take the conjunct form. cf. Slavic languages.) Most Tumacan verbs thus have two principal parts: imperfective and perfective.
The old subject/TAM suffixes have been lost and tense is marked by prefixes.