IPA for Ufhewat Knrawi

The charts below show the way in which the IPA represents Ufhewat Knrawi pronunciations. English approximations are loose in some cases and are only intended to give a general idea of the pronunciation. For more information, see Help:IPA.

This page is only for the variety of Knrawi spoken on Ufhewat Island, for other varieties see Knrawi IPA guides.

IPA Keys
Aelatha
Attian
Avendonian
Ayeri
Biscayan
Brittainese
Cet
Cha
Cruckeny
Etlish
Evonish
Favlona
Guimin
Gwaxol
Hantza
Hemaluan
High Valyrian
Iaskyon
Jukpë
Kaikiwan
Keeltyewarem
Kihā́mmic
Knrawi
Kunarek
Luthic
Lôppic
Maryan Coptic
Messinese
Mihousapeja
Millennish
Moshurian
Oltic
Owaex
Pomorian
Qafesona
Rangyayo
Rulhilli
Soc'ul'
Sudyrnish
Umbrean

IPA Example Translation (near) equivalent Consonants f huf small face h ufh middle have j shaia house yet k hyk sugarcane scout kʰ nkh far cow kʲ tjic to cook ski kʲʰ chuh raw key kʷ guq small island square kʷʰ uqh snake queen m iim because man n jna star not ŋ thga wind sang p puskj yam spin pʰ cuph snake burrow pin r marg south rayo (Spanish) s cniztí to try sing sʰ zherg cloud sing t riti eye start tʰ nth water tart v vuin corner have w rtiu where wing ɰ aythá jasper agave (Spanish) x jua all loch xʲ asi shark he xʲʰ shiupii wheat noodles he xʷ niwuu guilty white ʔ ceh many uh-oh IPA Example Translation (near) equivalent Vowels a agu face father aː aà to say father ɒ kjaw to puncture bot ɒː uái lizard bot ə sheya large island about i it head beet iː krii to die beet o̞ zjeyu shore boat u cuy angry boot uː auu dog boot IPA Example Translation Tones ˥ ik to see ˩ ìy to break ˥˩ shû east Differences from standard Knrawi /n/ and /ŋ/ do not assimilate. /θ,θʰ/ are realized as [s,sʰ]. Labialized /θ,θʰ/ are realized as [f,h]. /k̟,k̟ʰ,x̟,x̟ʰ/ are realized as [kʲ,kʲʰ,xʲ,xʲʰ]. /k̠,k̠ʰ/ are realized as [k,kʰ]. /x̠,ʍ,h/ are realized as [x,xʷ,ʔ]. sequences of /x̠,ʍ,h/ and sonorants (and vice versa) are realized as glottalized sonorants. /ɹ/ is realized as [r]. Labialized /ɹ/ is realized as [v] (which doesn't merge with [w]). /ɉ/ is realized as [ɰ]. /ˣ/ is realized as [ʰ]. /θˣ,x̟ˣ/ (including labialized /θˣ/) are realized as [x]. Fortition does not occur. Two-sonorant clusters syllabify the first sonorant. Syllabic consonants are desyllabified adjacent to vowels (including nonsyllabic vowels). Syllabic [m,β] and other syllabic consonants are realized as [o̞] and [ə] respectively. /ɪ,ʊ/ are realized as [i,u]. Unstressed /ɪ,ʊ/ are realized as [e̞,o̞]. Unstressed /ɪ,ʊ/ are realized as [j,w] before vowels. [i,e̞,a] are realized as [y,ø̞,ɒ] adjacent to labiovelar consonants (except [w], but including deleted underlying /ʍ/). Unstressed /a/ and [ə] are realized as [o̞] adjacent to labiovelar consonants. [ə] if not [o̞]. [ʔ̞] is realized as [ː] Sequences of unstressed [ə] or [o̞] and stressed /a/ are realized as [əː] or [o̞ː] respectively. /˧˩/ is distinct from /˥˩/ [˥˧].