Kyrdan Swadesh list

This is a Swadesh list of words in Proto-Kyrdan and its main descendants. This particular list is based on a 207 word list, although not all original words are present, because Kyrdan speakers were not familiar with some of these terms or concepts and thus their languages lack words for them. Some words were replaced with terminology, familiar to Kyrdan speakers (for example: 56 “leaf” or 57 “root” were replaced with “microbial mat” and “origin”), while other words were simply left out.

No.	English	Proto-Kyrdan	Kirtumur	Kērsalur	Cirdamur
1	I	*qa-	ha-	ha-	a-
2	you (singular)	*ā-	ō-	ā-	ā-
3	he	–	i-	yi-/ye-	xi-
7	this	–	yi-	yu-	i-
8	that	*da	ta	ta	da
9	here	–	niyum	yaim	xei
10	there	*da-im?	tam	taim	dei
11	who	*gʷar~kʷar	khar	khwar	gar
12	what	*war	war	war	yar
13	where	–	kei	war neamasa	yarcēm
14	when	*kʷim~kʷiŋ	khim	kwhim	giŋ
15	how	*kōn	khōn	khōn	kōn
16	not	*ma~mi	ma~mi	mi	ma
17	all	*andu	antu	antu	andu
18	many	*eřku	erku	išku
19	some
20	few
21	other
22	one
23	two
24	three
25	four
26	five
27	big
28	long
29	wide
30	thick
31	heavy
32	small
33	short
34	narrow
35	thin
36	woman
37	man (adult male)
38	man (human being)
39	child
40	wife
41	husband
42	mother
43	father
44	living creature
53	pipe
55	seed capsule
56	archaea
57	origin
58	membrane
60	microbial mat
61	rope
62	skin
63	flesh
64	blood
65	bone
66	body
67	egg, cyst
69	end
70	cover		cap	capham	ŋic
71	hair
72	head
73	ear
74	eye
75	nose
76	mouth
77	tooth
78	tongue (organ)
79	fingernail
80	foot
81	leg
82	knee
83	hand
84	corner
85	belly
86	guts
87	neck
88	back
89	breast
90	heart
91	liver	–	mupilnu item	mupilnu etem	sipildamnu idem
92	to drink
93	to eat
94	to bite
95	to suck inhale
96	to spit exhale
97	to vomit	–	utitem aneca
98	to blow		intu ceiya
99	to breathe		ceiya
100	to laugh
101	to see
102	to hear
103	to know
104	to think
105	to smell
106	to fear
107	to sleep
108	to live
109	to die		kala
110	to kill		tō kala
111	to fight
112	to chase
113	to hit
114	to cut
115	to split
116	to stab
117	to scratch
118	to dig
119	to swim
120	to fly
121	to walk
122	to come
123	to lie (as in a bed)
124	to sit
125	to stand
126	to turn (intransitive)
127	to fall
128	to give
129	to hold
130	to squeeze
131	to rub
132	to wash
133	to wipe
134	to pull
135	to push
136	to throw
137	to tie
138	to sew
139	to count
140	to say
141	to sing
142	to play
143	to float
144	to flow
145	to freeze
146	to swell
147	sun
148	moon
149	star
150	water	*wa	wa	wa	ya
151	rain
152	river
153	lake
154	sea
155	salt
156	stone
157	sand
158	dust
159	earth
160	cloud
161	fog
162	sky
163	wind
164	snow
165	ice
166	smoke
167	fire
168	ash
169	to burn
170	road
171	mountain
172	red
173	green
174	yellow
175	white		ē
176	black
177	night
178	day
179	year
180	warm
181	cold
182	full
183	new
184	old
185	good
186	bad
187	rotten
188	dirty
189	straight
190	round
191	sharp (as a knife)
192	dull (as a knife)
193	smooth
194	wet
195	dry
196	correct
197	near
198	far
199	right
200	left
201	at
202	in		ni-	ni-
203	with	*-da?	-ta
204	and	–	ō	kwa	ŋa
205	if		lē-
206	because	*mu	mu-	mu	mu-
207	name	*ķal	kal	kal	cal