Plevian
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Plevian (native: pleviano, sa dengua pleviana) is an Italic language descended from Old Latin.
Plevian | |
---|---|
sa dengua pleviana | |
Pronunciation | [sa ˈdeŋɡwa pleˈvjana] |
Created by | Shariifka |
Indo-European
| |
Early forms | Old Latin
|
Introduction
Phonology
Orthography
Grapheme | Environment | IPA | Remarks |
---|---|---|---|
a | everywhere | a | |
b | everywhere | b | May be pronounced [β] between vowels |
c | before ⟨e⟩, ⟨y⟩, or vocalic ⟨i⟩ | tʃ | |
before ⟨a⟩, ⟨o⟩, or ⟨u⟩; before a consonant; word-finally | k | ||
ch | before ⟨e⟩, ⟨i⟩, or ⟨y⟩ | k | |
ci | before ⟨a⟩, ⟨o⟩, ⟨u⟩, or ⟨e⟩ | tʃ | |
otherwise | tʃi | ||
cj | before a consonant; word-finally | tʃ | |
d | everywhere | d | |
dz | everywhere | dz | |
e | everywhere | e | |
f | everywhere | f | |
g | before ⟨e⟩, ⟨y⟩, or vocalic ⟨i⟩ | dʒ | |
before ⟨a⟩, ⟨o⟩, or ⟨u⟩; before a consonant; word-finally | ɡ | ||
gh | before ⟨e⟩, ⟨i⟩, or ⟨y⟩ | ɡ | |
gi | before ⟨a⟩, ⟨o⟩, ⟨u⟩, or ⟨e⟩ | dʒ | |
otherwise | ɡ | ||
gj | before a consonant; word-finally | dʒ | |
h | all | χ | |
i | before vowels | j | |
otherwise | i | ||
j | everywhere | j | |
k | in loanwords | k | |
l | everywhere | l | |
li | before vowels | ʎ | |
otherwise | li | ||
m | everywhere | m | |
n | everywhere | n | |
ni | before vowels | ɲ | |
otherwise | ni | ||
o | everywhere | o | |
p | everywhere | p | |
qu | everywhere | kw | |
r | everywhere | r | |
s | between vowels; before voiced consonants | z | |
otherwise | s | ||
t | everywhere | t | |
u | before vowels | w | |
otherwise | u | ||
v | everywhere | v | |
w | in loanwords | ɡw | |
x | before vowels; before voiced consonants | ʒ | |
otherwise | ʃ | ||
y | in loanwords before vowels | j | |
in loanwords otherwise | i | ||
z | everywhere | ts |
Consonants
Labial | Alveolar | Postalveolar/ Palatal |
Velar/ Guttural | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Nasal | m | n | ɲ | (ŋ) | |
Stop | voiceless | p | t | k | |
voiced | b | d | ɡ | ||
Affricate | voiceless | ts | tʃ | ||
voiced | dz | dʒ | |||
Fricative | voiceless | f | s | ʃ | χ |
voiced | v | (z) | (ʒ) | ||
Approximant | j | w | |||
Lateral | l | ʎ | |||
Trill | r |
Vowels
Front | Central | Back | |
---|---|---|---|
Close | i | u | |
Mid | e | o | |
Open | a |
In addition to the monopthongs above, the following diphthongs are possible:
- Rising: ia, ie, io, iu, ua, ue, uo, ui
- Falling: ai, ei, oi, au, eu, ou
The most common diphthongs are ia, ua, ue, and io. Additionally, ui is common after /k/ and /ɡ/. The remaining diphthongs are rare.
Prosody
Stress
Intonation
Phonotactics
Morphophonology
Morphology
Nouns
Nouns may be masculine or feminine.
Nouns are pluralized in -x. After a consonant, this ending becomes -ex.
Adjectives
Adjectives agree with the noun they govern in gender and number.
Adjectives whose masculine forms end in -o are feminized in -a. Otherwise, the masculine and feminine forms are identical.
Like nouns, adjectives are pluralized in -(e)x.
Pronouns
Personal pronouns
Person/ Number | Subject | Object | Possessive | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Weak | Strong | |||
1S | mu | me | mo | miaxxo |
2S | tu | te | to | tiaxxo |
3SM | gio | gio | gio | giuaxxo |
3SF | gia | gia | gia | giaxxo |
3R | su | se | so | siaxxo |
1P | nox | nox | nox | nuastro |
2P | gox | gox | gox | guastro |
3PM | giox | giox | giox | goro |
3PF | giax | giax | giax | giaro |