Dokdo Creole

Dokdo Creole
독도고, dogdo-go
The seal of North Gyeongsang Province, where Dokdo Creole is an official language in South Korea.
Pronunciation	[ˈdog.dogo]
Created by	Jukethatbox
Native to	South Korea, Japan
Language family	Altaic Macro-Altaic Japonic/Koreanic Dokdo Creole
Dialects	Sōdo dialect Dukdo dialect
Official status
Recognised minority language in	South Korea
Regulated by	The Language Research Institute, Academy of Social Science

Dokdo Creole, a.k.a Dokdoi, Takeshiman or Liancourtish(독도고, dogdo-go, Korean:독도어, dogdo-eo(Dokdo language), Japanese: 竹島方言, takeshima-hōgen(Takeshima dialect)) is a Korean-Japanese creole language spoken on the islands of Liancourt Rocks, known as Dokdo in Korean and Takeshima in Japanese. Grammatically, it has been described as Japonic, however lexically it is a mixture of both Japonic and Koreanic languages.

In South Korea, specifically North Gyeongsang province, Dokdo Creole(독도어, dogdo-eo, lit. "Dokdo language") is the co-official language with Korean. Contrary to popular belief, Dokdo Creole is not considered a language in Japanese administration(specifically in Shimane prefecture), and is instead called the "Takeshima dialect"(竹島方言, takeshima-hōgen) in official documentation. Despite this, South Korea, as well as international consensus classifies Dokdo Creole as a seperate language from either Korean or Japanese.

Phonology

Orthography

Due to the wider administrative support of the Korean government in the preservation of Dokdo Creole, the language de-facto uses the Hangul writing system, which is of Korean origin, and indeed, on the Korean-controlled half of Liancourt Rocks, known in Korean as Seodo(서도), all signs are written in Korean and Dokdoi, both in Hangul. On the Japanese-controlled island of Onna-jima(女島), Dokdoi is not considered a separate language and instead as a dialect, thus all signs on the island are written in Standard Japanese. This also explains why the Sōdo dialect, native to Seodo, is much more widely spoken than the Dukdo dialect which is native to Onna-jima.

Consonants

	Labial		Alveolar		Palatal		Velar		Glottal
Nasal		m		n				ŋ
Plosive	p	b	t	d			k	ɡ
Fricative	s	z								h
Approximant						j
Flap				ɾ

Hangul (consonants)

	Labial		Alveolar		Palatal		Velar		Glottal
Nasal		ㅁ		ㄴ				ㅇ
Plosive	ㅍ	ㅂ	ㅌ	ㄷ			ㅋ	ㄱ
Fricative	ㅅ	ㅆ								ㅎ
Approximant						j
Flap				ㄹ

Monophthong /j/ does not have a Hangul symbol, instead being represented in diphthongs with vowels, e.g. /ja/ as 야.

Diphthongs:
/tɕ/ - ㅊ
/dʒ/ - ㅈ

Vowels

	Front	Central	Back
Close	i y		u
Close-mid	e ø		o
Near-open	æ	(ɐ)
Open	a

(⟨ㅇ⟩ at the beginning of a syllable represents no sound. At the end of a syllable, it represents the consonant /ŋ/.)

Hangul (vowels)

	Front	Central	Back
Close	이 위		우
Close-mid	애 외		오
Near-open	에	(ɐ)
Open	아

Diphthongs:
⟨야⟩ - /ja/
⟨얘⟩ - /je/
⟨요⟩ - /jo/
⟨유⟩ - /ju/
⟨여⟩ - /joː/
⟨예⟩ - /jæ/

Prosody

Stress

In Dokdo Creole, primary stress is placed on the first syllable of a word, whereas secondary stress is, for the most part, placed on the last syllable of a word.

Phonotactics

Dokdo Creole uses a (C)V(C) syllabic structure. This means that some words of Japanese origin(which uses a (C)V structure) like yama(山, mountain) becomes yam(얌, mountain).

Examples

Japanese kuruma(車, car) → Dokdoi gurōm(구럼, car/automobile) → Dokdoi gurōmdōro(구럼더로, highway, motorway, (infrequent) asphalt)
Japanese ginkō(銀行, bank) → Dokdoi ging(깅, money)

Syntax

Constituent order

Dokdoi, like Japanese, uses an SOV(subject-object-verb) grammatical structure, e.g. inu ga gong oda.(인우가공오다.)(the dog has a ball, lit. dog TOP ball has).