Eighth edition lekma
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0.Foreword. Documenting is another side of hobby concerning the conlang. Still precisition needed. That of 0 to 7 editions though have few writings in practice without proper design, so they are hardly be documented. Index 0. outline. 1. on phonemes. 2. on graphemes. 3. graphs. 4. syntax. Ekma is a constructed language designed to low probability of grammatical errors. Autonym is lekmae /ˈɰekmɐ/ also spelt ekma/ekm, means verbal expression. It saw to a written laguage for spoken language of another world, parallel to this world. That was known through transliteration of their writing system, actually is a collection of about a thousand of invariable words. It basically preferred SV, CV, AN, VOS, CVC syllable, that are subject-intransitive/self causative verb alignment, complement/condition-main verb alignment, adjective-noun alignment, transitive verb-object-subjective theme alignment, any single consonant out of /*ɰ *ɥ *ŋ *k *d *f *t͡s *ɕ *ʂ *b *n *m/-any vowel out of /*ä *ɐ̯ä *äɐ̯ *äu̯ *ɐ *e *u̯e *ei̯ *ii̯ *i̯u *o *u̯o *ou̯ *i̯o *oi̯ *uu̯ *u̯i/-any consonant out of /*ɰ *ɥ *ŋ *k *d *f *t͡s *ɕ *ʂ *b *n *m/. Attached * means they are hypothetical construction. Each word has type, either of noun, adjective, adverb, verb, each category shares their minimal length of time, nouns are long, adjectives are semi long, adverbs are semi short, verbs are short. 1. There listed as to descriptions, firstly phoneme, secondly the typical grapheme, thirdly approved allophonemes, finaly usual realisation of the phoneme, degrees may vary each. ɰ, r/l before any vowel/zero consonant/e at wo/a after an a, ɦ ʔ ɰ, ɰ it presents between vowels which lose phonemic value in other situations. ä, a, ɐ ä, ä. ɐ̯ä, à, ɐ̯ä e̯ä, e̯ä. äɐ̯, á/ä, äɐ̯ äː äi̯, äi̯. äu̯, ê, ɐu̯ ʌu̯ äu̯, äu̯. ɐ, ae, ɐ, ɐ. e, e, ɪ ɐ e, e. u̯e è, ø u̯e, u̯e. ei̯, é, ɛ eː ei̯, ei̯. ii̯, i, ii̯ iː i, i. i̯u, u, i̯u i̯y y, y. o, o, ʊ o, o. u̯o, ò, u̯ʌ u̯o, u̯o. ou̯, ó, ɔ oː ou̯, ou̯. i̯o, io, i̯o, i̯o. oi̯, ö, u̯ei̯ u̯eʏ̯ øʏ̯ oi̯ øi̯, øi̯. uu̯, v, uu̯ uː u, u. u̯i, ui, ɯ u̯i ɨ, ɨ. ɥ, l written before any consonant letter, ɥ̥ jʷ ɥ, ɥ. ŋ, h, ŋ̥ ŋ ɳ, ɳ. k, k, x q k, k. d, d/t, d̥ t d, t. f, f, ʋ f, f. t͡s, z, t͡s z s̪, s̪. ɕ, s, ɬ ɕ s, s. ʂ, ç, ʂ t͡ʂ, t͡ʂ. b, b, b̥ p b, b. n, n, n̥ ɲ n, n. m, m, m̥ m, m. Descriptions on writings are about graphemes.
± 2. Graphemes. _a_ /ä/ Ca_ /ä/ _aa /ä/ Caa C/ä/ Cá_ C/ä/ Cáe C/ä/ _à_ /e̯ä/ _àe /e̯ä/ Cà_ C/e̯ä/ Càe C/e̯ä/ _ea /e̯ä/ Cea C/e̯ä/ _ä_ /äi̯/ _äe /äi̯/ _á_ /äi̯/ _áe /äi̯/ Caí C/äi̯/ Cä_ C/äi̯/ Cäe C/äi̯/ _ê_ /äu̯/ _êe /äu̯/ Cê_ C/äu̯/ Cêe C/äu̯/ _eu /äu̯/ Ceu C/äu̯/ _ae /ɐ/ Cae C/ɐ/ _e_ /e/ _ee /e/ Ce C/e/ Cee C/e/ _è_ /u̯e/ _èe /u̯e/ Cè_ C/u̯e/ Cèe C/u̯e/ _é_ /ei̯/ _ée /ei̯/ Cé_ C/ei̯/ Cée C/ei̯/ _i_ /i/ _ie /i/ Ci_ C/i/ Cie C/i/ _u_ /y/ Cu_ C/y/ _o_ /o/ Co_ C/o/ Coe C/o/ _ò_ /u̯o/ _òe /u̯o/ Cò_ /u̯o/ Còe /u̯o/ _ó_ /ou̯/ _óe /ou̯/ Có_ C/ou̯/ _oí /øi̯/ Coí C/øi̯/ _v_ /u/ _ve /u/ Cv_ C/u/ Cve C/u/ _î_ /ɨ/ Cî_ C/ɨ/ _ui /ɨ/ Cui C/ɨ/ iVC íot /i̯o/C iV ío /i̯o/ hVC /ɳ/ VC hV /ɳ/V kVC /k/VC kV /k/V dVC /t/VC dV /t/V vVC úVC /u̯/VC vV úV /u̯/V fVC /f/VC fV /f/V zVC /s̪/VC zV /s̪/V sVC /s/VC sV /s/V çVC /t͡ʂ/VC çV /t͡ʂ/V bVC /b/VC bV /b/V nVC /n/VC nV /n/V mVC /m/VC mV /m/V CVC equals _CVC_ CVCa equals CVC/ɐ/ CVCe *CVC/ɰ/ equals CVC CVCCae equals CVCC/ɐ/ CVCCe *CVCC/ɰ/ equals **CVCC **approved. CCCC CVCCVC equals CVC'CVC lCCC /ɥ/CCC equals /ɥ/C'CC ***/ɥ/VC'CVC ***unapproved. CClC CC/ɥ/C equals CC'/ɥ/C ***CVC'/ɥ/VC ***unapproved. lClC /ɥ/C/ɥ/C equals /ɥ/C'/ɥ/C ***/ɥ/VC'/ɥ/VC ***unapproved. CVCCVC equals CVC'CVC.
3. on graphs is under documenting... 4. on syntax is under documenting...
± (Here is under construction.) Words.
e (/e/) monotransitive verb t (/t/) allograph of d, whether d or t is depend on words. selftransitive verb. used for lexical reasons. z (/s̪/) towards it u (/y/) to there i (/i/) object of verb í (/i̯/) object o (/o/) also a (/ä/) noun of verb s (/s/) subject of verb d (/t/) out of it f (/f/) starting from h (/ɳ/) done by it (unlimited to perfective) k (/k/) close (also end close) l (/ɰ/) (free space) words end in l is prohibited. l (/ɥ/) (space) ç (/t͡ʂ/) (free space) v (/u/) (free space) ú (/u̯/) (space) b (/b/) (free space) n (/n/) near to it m (/m/) with it lot oneth iot /i̯ot/ every third zeros, for exsample do. is a number x 1,000,000,000,000. hot unphonemical. second kot unphonemical. third dot unphonemical. fourth tet a number x ten. vot unphonemical. fifth fot unphonemical. sixth zot unphonemical. seventh sot unphonemical. eigth çot unphonemical. nineth bot unphonemical. tenth not unphonemical. eleventh mot unphonemical. twelveth . stop. t.t a point situates after 0. before a 0.0. ' word separator. , half stop. / full stop. // full stop. unphonemical that the word lacks phonemic value at the beginning. it is without phonemics dedicated to Ekma lemma, is loanword. xán /χäi̯n/ Nothing. Unspecified. rán /ʀäi̯n/ Nothing. Unwritten. ´ It prolongs the attached phoneme regardless of category. It indicates intonation. Musically high at every beginning of a phrase, rest of the phrase lose original accent. _ It is " " actually. It takes spaces between words. _? A phrase end in ´. _! Loudness. ê /äu̯/ Phonemically same to eu. 2. /o/ allograph is to o. eu /äu̯/ It is eú alternatively, ev´ in theory. ú v´ in theory. to allograph is toc this, these sa allograph is sac that kind of na allograph is nac I, we le allograph is lei they vi allograph is vie what like va allograph is vae like what teí empty of ird earth daz allograph is att head of relative clause fsd carrier kvs house lvo mankind mon humanoid