Fruwi
Fruwi | |
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oñ Fruwi | |
Pronunciation | [õɴ.ɸr̊ᵝůᵝ.wʷiʷ] |
Created by | Webcloud |
Date | 2022 |
Fruwi-Poresa
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Early forms | Early Proto-Fruwi
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Standard form | Standard Fruwi
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Dialects |
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Introduction
Fruwi is a engineered non-naturalistic a-priori constructed language, that tries to be logical at times. The language has two main dialects, Haishi and Sontrai. The Haishi dialects may seem easier to humans or much easier to english speakers, because of the base-10 number system, lack of conjugation, and more english-like phonology, though this is a coincidence.
Fruwi is a agglutinative analytic language, because while verbs may be aggluutinative, and while nouns have one suffix for plurals, the syntax generally has many unbound morphemes. Though the Haishi dialects are more isolating, they are still agglutinative and analytic. Its allignment is active-stative. Its word order is either SVO or SOV. While SVO is used informally, SOV is used formally. The head direction is mixed. While the heading of both adpositional and verb phrases is [to do].
Creation
I created a language called ol fruwi (sic); which now with a few adjustments has become Proto-Fruwi, in mid 2022. An early version of Fruwi, Standard, then known as oñ Fruwi was published to Conlang Fandom Early 2023.
Type
It is a sort of engineered conlang without worldbuilding. The language is not supposed to be naturalistic, and will veer from most major languages many times. It is an a-priori language, meaning it does not specifically take any vocabulary from any real life languages, though this is partly false, because it has a second lexicon that has only words borrowed from real languages.
Evolution
Early-Proto Fruwi also is made up of 7-Pre fruwi languages, not shown in the image. The arrows indicate that the languages were not evolved from the language on the other side of the arrow, but have been affected in some way, like borrowing a large amount of vocabulary, or affecting sound changes, or even affecting the name.
Etymology
The name of the language Fruwi, comes from Late Proto-Fruwi's own name "(ou) fruwis", which was also derived from Early Proto-Fruwi /poresa/. The word poresa presumably came from the 7 Pre-Fruwi Languages. the languages derived from it have derived names such as Rfuij, but Rfwi also was borowed from the name of Fruwi. Other languages, like Russo, got a new name, but languages like Funris-ox was also derived from Late Proto-Fruwi's name.
Lexicon
The language has two lexicons, a priori and a posteriori. The original, and larger lexicon is called: Lexicon a priori, and the words mostly come from Late Proto-Fruwi. Though there is a Lexicon a posteriori, for words that come from humans, which will be adopted and evolved into every related language except Funris-ox. The Lexicon a priori is split into two lexicons: Late Lexicon; for words that could have only emerged in Late Proto-Fruwi, and the Early Lexicon; For words that could have emerged in Early Proto-Fruwi. This is because many words in Fruwi & Russo & Funris do not have a syllable structure that could have evolved from Early Proto-Fruwi, but they could have emerged Late Proto-Fruwi. This is not to say the Early Lexicon words all emerged in Early Proto-Fruwi, as they could have emerged earlier or later, and the words in Late Proto-Fruwi could have also emerged later, but obviously not later.
Phonology
Consonants
Standard Fruwi
Phonemes or diaphonemes; biggest phonology of all dialects | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Manner -> Place v |
Labial | Coronal | Medial | Palatal | Dorsal | Radical |
Nasal | m | n | (ɲ) | ŋ | ||
Lenis Stop | p | t | (c) | k | ʡ | |
Fortis Stop | pʰ | tʰ | (cʰ) | kʰ | ʡ | |
Lenis Fricative | ɸ | s | χ | ħ | ||
Fortis Fricative | β | z | ʁ | ħ | ||
Lenis Affricate | t̆s | t̆ʃ | ||||
Fortis Affricate | d̆z | d̆ʒ | ||||
Trill | r | |||||
Approximant | ʷ | (ɹ̠ʲ) | j | w | ||
Lateral Approximant | l | (ʎ) | (ʟ) |
Transcribers | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Manner -> Place v |
Labial | Coronal | Medial | Palatal | Dorsal | Radical |
Special Lenis Stop | b | d | (ɟ) | g | ||
Special Fortis Stop | bʰ | dʰ | (ɟʰ) | gʰ |
Sontrai Ban
Phonemes | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Manner -> Place v |
Labial | Coronal | Medial | Palatal | Dorsal | Radical |
Nasal | m | n̪ | (ɲ) | ŋ | ||
Lenis Stop | p | t | (c) | k | ʡ | |
Fortis Stop | pʰ | tʰ | (cʰ) | kʰ | ʡ | |
Lenis Fricative | ɸ | θ | ʂ | x | ħ | |
Fortis Fricative | β | ð | ʐ | ɣ | ħ | |
Lenis Affricate | t̆s | |||||
Fortis Affricate | d̆z | |||||
Trill | r | |||||
Approximant | ʷ | (ɻ) | j | w | ||
Lateral Approximant | l | (ʎ) | (ʟ) |
Transcribers | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Manner -> Place v |
Labial | Coronal | Medial | Palatal | Dorsal | Radical |
Special Lenis Stop | b | d | (ɟ) | g | ||
Special Fortis Stop | bʰ | dʰ | (ɟʰ) | gʰ |
Notes:
Stabdard Fruwi Allophony | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Phoneme-> | ŋ | e | o | ||
allophone | ə | e | o |
Changes:
- s > θ, z > ð
- t̆ʃ > ʂ, d̆ʒ > ʐ
- χ > x, ʁ > ɣ
Haishi Ban
Phonemes | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Manner -> Place v |
Labial | Coronal | Medial | Palatal | Dorsal | Radical |
Nasal | m | n | (ɲ) | ŋ | ||
Lenis Stop | b | d | (ɟ) | g | ʡ | |
Fortis Stop | pʰ | tʰ | (cʰ) | kʰ | ʡ | |
Lenis Fricative | f | s | ʃ | x | ħ | |
Fortis Fricative | v | z | ʒ | |||
Lenis Affricate | t̆ʃ | |||||
Fortis Affricate | d̆ʒ | |||||
Approximant | ʷ | ɹ | (ɹ̠ʲ) | j | w | |
Lateral Approximant | l | (ʎ) | (ɫ) |
Transcribers | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Manner -> Place v |
Labial | Coronal | Medial | Palatal | Dorsal | Radical |
Special Lenis Stop | p | t | (c) | k | ||
Special Fortis Stop | bʰ | dʰ | (ɟʰ) | gʰ |
Changes:
- ɸ > f , β > v
- t̆ʃ > ʃ , d̆ʒ > ʒ
- t̆s > t̆ʃ, d̆z > d̆ʒ
- χ > x , ʁ > x, ʡ > x, ħ > x
Haishi Tun:
- χ > ɣ , ʁ > ɣ, ʡ > ɣ, ħ > ɣ
- Vvoiceless > Vvoiced
Vowels
Standard Fruwi Phonemes and Diaphonemes | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Placement | Front | Center | Back | ||
High | i | u | |||
Mid | e | ə | o | ||
Low | a |
ae, ao, ai, au, ʌi, ʌu, ei, eu, oi, ou are the only possible diphthongs
Fruwi Vowel Phonemes and Diaphonemes | ||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Diaphonemes | a | ə | e | o | ae | ao | ai | au | əi | əu | ei | eu | oi | ou |
Standard | a~ä | ə | e̞ | o̞ | ɑe | æo | ɑi | æu | ɪj | ʊw | ɛi | ɛu | ɔi | ɔu |
Sontrai Ban | ä | œ | e | o̞ | äe | äo | äi | äu | œi | œu | ɘi | ɘu | ɔi | ɔu |
Sontrai Tun | a~ä | ɨ | e̞ | o̞ | äe | ao | äi | au | ɪj | ʊw | ɛi | ɛu | ɔi | ɔu |
Haishi Ban | æ | ɑ | e̞ | o̞ | ɑɛ | äɔ | æi | äu | ɑi | ɑu | ɛi | ɛu | ɔi | ɔu |
Haishi Tun | a~ä | ʌ | e̞ | o | ɑe | ao | äi | au | ʌi | ʌu | ei | eu | ɵi | ɵu |
Stress and intonation
All syllables are pronounced as the same length; there is no Lexical stress. This is similar to French and Georgian. Though, when prosodic stress is involved, the first syllable of the prosodical word becomes extra stressed.
- The word for what, <>, has a rising intonation /↗︎/,
- Though, if it is the subject of a sentence, everything on from the verb has a falling intonation /↘︎/
- The words for yes and no, <>, both have a falling intonation /↘︎/
- Though, the final "or not", <>, found in yes-no questions, also has a rising intonation /↗︎/
Phonotactics
syllable structure is: (C)(C)V(V)(C)(C) a more specific version is: (CA)V(V)(RC) & GV(V)
A = //w, r, l, j// approximant R = //r, l// G = /ʡ, ħ/ radical C = non-radical, non-approximant Consonants V = Vowels //ɸjailm// is CAVVRC, //ħai// is GVV
if the pronounciation is ambigious : then the coda steals the consonant if it is not guttral nor approximant
- /tamlat/:- /tam.lat/ -or /ta.mlat/:- /mam.lat/ is correct
- /talmat/:- /tal.mat/ -or /talm.at/:- /mal.mat/ is correct
- /talmlat/: /tal.mlat/ or /talm.lat/: /talm.lat/ is correct
ambigious pronounciation is not ambisyllabic. ambisyllabicity is possibly only when you have one consonant only between vowels
Syllables starting with glottal consonants may not have codas; ambisyllabic codas (C) are allowed
- banned*: /ħal/ /ħalm/ /ħal.mat/ /ħam/ /ħalm.lat/
- impossible anyways*: /ħaml/ /ħalml/
- ambisyllabic: /ħalat/ /ħamat/
- separate syllable: /ħa.mlat/
Allophony
Allophony of different dialects of Fruwi | ||||
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Standard Dialect: | Sontrai Ban: | Sontrai Tun: | Haishi Ban: | Haishi Tun: |
Notes:
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Be careful, rounding is not bilabializing or labiodentalizing! |
Morphophonology
Morphophonotactics
Final syllable's onset may only be glottal in uncountable nouns (only I class nouns can be uncountable), this is because uncountable nouns cannot have final codas
Orthography
Fruwi may be written in any any writing system, though it needs to have enough letters for the phonology. The writing system needs not be Bicameral, but it is good to have for determiners and pronouns that are differentiated by case in writing.
Romanization
Consonant Orthography based on Standard Fruwi | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Manner -> Place v |
Labial | Coronal | Medial | Palatal | Dorsal |
Nasal | m | n | ñ | ||
Lenis Stop | b | d | g | ||
Fortis Stop | p | t | k | ||
Lenis Fricative | f | s | x | ||
Fortis Fricative | v | z | q | ||
Lenis Affricate | c | ch | |||
Fortis Affricate | j | jh | |||
Trill | r | ||||
Approximant | y | w | |||
Lateral Approximant | l |
Consonant Orthography based on Standard Fruwi Transcribers | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Manner -> Place v |
Labial | Coronal | Medial | Palatal | Dorsal | |
Special Lenis Stop | ʮb | ʮd | ʮg | |||
Special Fortis Stop | ʮp | ʮt | ʮk |
Vowel Orthography based on Standard Fruwi | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Closed v. | Open v. | radical s. v. | radical f. v. | |||
<Ii> //i// | <Īī> //.i// | <Íí> //.ʡi// | <Ìì> //.ħi// | |||
<Uu> //u// | <Ūū> //.u// | <Úú> //.ʡu// | <Ùù> //.ħu// | |||
<Ee> //e// | <Ēē> //.e// | <Éé> //.ʡe// | <Èè> //.ħe// | |||
<Oo> //o// | <Ōō> //.o// | <Óó> //.ʡo// | <Òò> //.ħo// | |||
<Aa> //a// | <Āā> //.a// | <Áá> //.ʡa// | <Àà> //.ħa// | |||
<Ʌʌ> //ə// | <Ʌ̄ʌ̄> //.ə// | <Ʌ́ʌ́> //.ʡə// | <Ʌ̀ʌ̀> //.ħə// |
Vowels at the start of a word need not have macrons, they are always open unless they have radical in front.
Vowels with macrons only written after other vowels:
- <alenta> /a.len.ta/ and <alēnta> /al.en.ta/ are the same, but correct spelling is alenta, while the correct pronunciation is /al.en.ta/ (ambigious/ambisyllabic)
- <almenta> /al.men.ta/ and <almēnta> /alm.en.ta/ are the same, but correct spelling is almenta, and the correct pronounciation is /al.men.ta/ (ambigious)
Punctuation
Complete Punctuation | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Use | Indicative Sentences | Interrogative Sentences | Imperative Sentences | |||
Name in Fruwi | Sentence Symbol | Interrogative Symbol | Imperative Symbol | |||
Name in English | Period | Question Mark | Explanation Mark | |||
Punctuation | . | ? | ! |
- ! is not used in the same way as in English, but is used in all Imperative sentences
Phrasal Punctuation | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Use | Quotations | Embedded Quotations | Serial Lists | Coordinating Conjunctions | Interjections | Appositives | Asides |
Name in Fruwi | Quotation Symbol | Embedded Quotation Symbol | List Symbol | Sentence Combining Symbol | Interjection Barrier | Apposition Barrier | Aside Barrier |
Name in English | Quotation Mark | Single Quotation Mark | Comma | Comma | Semicolon | Virgules | Semicolons |
Punctuation | «TEXT» | «‹TEXT›TEXT» | , | , | ; | /TEXT/ | ;TEXT; |
- Appositives are used in this way:
- X is Y. X does Z. => X, Y, does Z; My sister is Alice Smith. My sister likes jelly beans => My sister, Alice Smith, likes jelly beans.
- Interjections go at end of sentence always
- I do not know know how Asides, Appositives, and Interjections will work except for this
Numeral Punctuation | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Use | Grouping | Decimal Point | ||||
Name in Fruwi | ||||||
Name in English | Comma | Semicolons | ||||
Punctuation | 1,234,56789 | 01234;5;67890 |
- Numbers are written very diffirently: 11,265,353.15464253 => 11,26535;3;15464,253