Eadlan/Older draft

Older draft
Năhtuovin
Created by	User:IlL
Setting	Verse:AETHER
Language family	Shalaic Older draft

Netagin (Năhtuovin) is a Sami, Romanian and Windermere-inspired Shalaic language. It is related to Shalaian but phonologically is less conservative.

Netagin has notably developed Uralic-style consonant gradation. It also has non-rhoticity as a historical sound change, a sprachbund feature it shares with Shalaian.

About

External history

This is the sixth reincarnation of Netagin (my past Hebrew-inspired conlangs).

I was getting bored of standard-fare Semitic and Celtic aesthetics, so I decided to try out a much more (Northern and Skolt) Sami aesthetic this time and see what sticks. I'm probably still going to take some aesthetic influence from Windermere and Skellan.

Internal history

Netagin, like its relative Shalaian, is also inspired by Hebrew and Philadelphia English but Netagin is more Judeo-Gaelic and A-Arabic-inspired than Shalaian.

Internal² history

Shalaian and Netagin belong to a common sprachbund. They are two different branches of the Shalaic family that convergently evolved to share the following features:

• Preglottalization
• A large vowel system but no front rounded vowels
• Historical non-rhoticity
• Verb-initial syntax
• Split-ergativity

Unlike Shalaian, Netagin is a "satem" language, i.e. labiovelars become plain velars and plain velars become palatalized.

Phonology

"Sami but more Judeo-Gaelic and Windermere"

Vowels

/i ɨ u ɛ ɔ ə a iə uə eə oə ai əi əu/ i ĭ u e o ă a ie uo ea oa ai ăi ău

Proto-Netagin a ā i ī u ū ə + modal/stød -> a uo e/ea i/ie o/oa u/uo ĭ/ă

Consonants

• Nasals: m bm hm n dn hn /m pm m̥ː n tn n̥ː/
• Stops:
  • p hp b hb ƀ /pʰ ʔpʰ p~b hp v/
  • t ht d hd đ /tʰ ʔtʰ t~d ht ð/
  • c hc z hz ƶ /tsʰ ʔtsʰ ts~dz hts z/
  • č hč j hj ɉ /tʃʰ ʔtʃʰ tʃ~dʒ htʃ ʒ/
  • ξ hξ λ hλ ƛ /tɬʰ ʔtɬʰ tɬ~dɮ htɬ l/
  • k hk g hg /kʰ ʔkʰ k~g hk/
  • q hq /qʰ ʔqʰ/
• Other resonants:
  • l ll hl /ʟ qː χː/
  • r rr hr /r tr r̥ː/
  • y yy hy /j cː çː/
  • w ww hw /w kʷː xʷː/
  • s ss š šš σ σσ h hh /s sː ʃ ʃː ɬ ɬː h xː/

Stress

Stress is always initial, except some derivational prefixes.

Gradation

Clusters are similar to Shalaian clusters, but some assimilate into geminates

Morphology

Nouns

Netagin has singular, dual, and plural numbers. Grammatical gender is animate vs inanimate.

Todo: Even and odd nouns

Possessive markers

Possessive markers have different forms depending on number and case.

• c̦uoll = a house (nominative singular)
• 1s c̦uolăl
• 2s c̦uolădh
• 3s c̦uolla (a); c̦uolli (i)
• 1d c̦uolăjăv
• 2d c̦uolniv
• 3d c̦uolăv
• 1p c̦uolăģ
• 2p c̦uolni
• 3p c̦uolăs

• c̦uol = a house (genitive singular)
• 1s c̦uolăggăl
• 2s c̦uolăggădh
• 3s c̦uolăgg (a); c̦uoluy (i)
• 1d c̦uolăggăjăv
• 2d c̦uolăggăniv
• 3d c̦uolăggăv
• 1p c̦uolăggăģ
• 2p c̦uolăggni
• 3p c̦uolăggăs

• c̦uolădd = two houses (nominative dual) [dual possessed forms don't depend on case]
• 1s c̦uolăddăl
• 2s c̦uolăddădh
• 3s c̦uolăddud (a); c̦uolădduģ (i)
• 1d c̦uolăddăjăv
• 2d c̦uolăddăniv
• 3d c̦uolăddăv
• 1p c̦uolăddăģ
• 2p c̦uolăddni
• 3p c̦uolăddăs

• c̦uollu = houses (nom pl)
• 1s c̦uolul
• 2s c̦uoludh
• 3s c̦uollud (a); c̦uolluģ (i)
• 1d c̦uolujăv
• 2d c̦uoluniv
• 3d c̦uoluv
• 1p c̦uoluģ
• 2p c̦uoluni
• 3p c̦uolus

• c̦uoluk = houses (gen pl)
• 1s c̦uolugăl
• 2s c̦uolugădh
• 3s c̦uolugg (a); c̦uolluy (i)
• 1d c̦uolugăjăv
• 2d c̦uolugăniv
• 3d c̦uolugăv
• 1p c̦uolugăģ
• 2p c̦uolugni
• 3p c̦uolugăs

Adjectives

animate:

• nominative: qoahđbi /qʰoəθːpi/, qoađbidd /qʰoəðbidːt/, qoađbun /qʰoəðbun/ <- PShal *qũdba, *qũdband, *qũdbaan
• genitive: qoađbăt /qʰoəðbət/, qoahđbinid /qʰoəθ:pinid/, qoahđbă /qʰoəθ:pə/ <- *qũdbat, *qũdband=igid, *qũdbii

inanimate

• nominative: qoahđb, qoađbădd, qoahđbu <- *qũdbu, *qũdbund, *qũdbaa
• genitive: qoađb, qoahđbinid, qoađbuk <- *qũdbuk, *qũdbund=igid, *qũdbaak

Pronouns

Independent pronouns

• 1s hweal
• 2s hwead
• 1d hweażab
• 2d hweanib
• 1p hweaż
• 2p hweani

Syntax

Lushootseed (predicate first)?

Myl las oszað, byddzal = Give me your hand, my love

Vocabulary

Shalaian as major loan source?