Tanisi languages
| Attamian | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Neumato-Attian | |||||
| Created by | – | ||||
| Geographic distribution | Western Asia | ||||
| Linguistic classification | language isolate
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| Proto-language | Proto-Attamian | ||||
| Subdivisions | |||||
 Proportion of the Attamian ethnic groups that speaks an Attamian language:
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Attamian (/aˈtɛɪ̯mi̩ɘn/; also Neumato-Attian, Attno-Manathi, Attian,) is a Caucasian language family which includes at least the Attnic languages, Namic, and Garathi languages.
In November 2012 a proposal connecting Attnic to the Neumatic languages of Western Iran into the Attamian family was published and well received by a number of linguists. The family's relation to Caucasian and Indo-European language families remain controversal, but persists - mostly due to the number of loan words in the language family.
General Information
The Attamian languages is a family, or group, of constructed naturalistic languages, which share common features derived the hypothetic Proto-Attamian language. They are inspired by a diversity of natural languages, each of them with a distinct style, yet with grammatical and semantical similarities, as well as a shared vocabulary.
These are the planned Attamian languages so far:
- Attian - Armeno-Arabic inspired language with an active-stative alignment and nonconcatenative morphology. Originally an attempt at uniting Celtic and Arabic.
- Damian - A so far sketchy language with Greek/Slavic/Shona/Khmer influences. Possibly ergative, maybe accusative. Mangled by allophony.
- Namic - Indo-European and especially Indo-Iranian influenced language, tripartite, heavy in phonemes, heavy in cases and heavy in scope. A language revised from being a mixed a priori - a posteriori language of the Indo-Iranian branch.
Attamian attributes
- A by origin nonconcatenative morphology. Not present in the Namic language.
- Basic vocabulary expressed in roots, marked: √
- Secondary fusional morphology. High degree of affixation in all languages. Varying degree of cases.
- An inherited tonal system - moraic stress in Attian, tone in Damian and pitch in Namic.
- khāna = /ˈkʰaːna/ = [ˈkʰa͜ánā]
- Medium-to-large phoneme inventory.
Genealogy
| Proto-Attamian |
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- A language in bold denotes that it is extant.
- A language in italics denotes that it is now extinct (i.e. has no native speakers).
- † denotes the extinction of a linguistic subgroup
Attno-Damian languages
Attnic languages
Sound changes
- Müller's law
- *p → kʷ → kw → k͡p
- *b → ɡʷ → ɡw → ɡ͡b
- *m → ŋʷ → ŋw → ŋ͡m
- Crossing's law
- First law of Crossing
- *tʷ → tʍ → t
- *kʷ → kʍ → k
- *ɡʷ → ɡw → ɣw → w (through intermediary ɰ)
- Second law of Crossing
- *tʰ → θ
- *kʰ → x
- *ɡʰ → ɡ
Examples:
- Proto-Attamian *tʰn → Attian thana