Contionary:ⲑⲟⲛ

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Maryan Coptic

Alternate forms

Etymology

Inherited from Arabic طعن (ṭaʿana).

  • Estimated pronunciation evolution:
    • (Old Egyptian, c. 2500 B.C.E.) IPA: /tʼaˈʕan/
    • (Middle Egyptian, c. 1700 B.C.E.) IPA: /tʼaˈʕan/
    • (Medio-Late Egyptian, c. 1350 B.C.E.) IPA: /tʼəˈʕan/
    • (Late Egyptian, c. 800 B.C.E.) IPA: /tʼəˈʕan/
    • (Early Demotic, c. 450 B.C.E.) IPA: /təˈʕon/
    • (Late Demotic / Old Maryan, c. 100 B.C.E.) IPA: /tʕon/

Pronunciation

  • (Central) IPA: /tʰɔn/
  • (Nahlic) IPA: [tʰɑ̃n]

Noun

ⲑⲟⲛ (tʰon) m.

  1. stabbing, piercing
  2. penetration

Verb

ⲑⲟⲛ (tʰon) irt. (construct ⲑⲉⲛ, pronominal ⲧⲁⲛ-, qualitative ⲧⲁⲛ)

  1. (transitive) to stab, to pierce, to penetrate

Conjugation

Conjugation of ⲑⲟⲛ 
infinitive ⲉ̀ⲑⲟⲛ negative infinitive ⲉ̀ϣⲧⲉⲙⲑⲟⲛ
imperative ⲑⲟⲛ negative imperative ⲉⲙⲡⲉⲣⲑⲟⲛ
singular plural
1st person 2nd person 3rd person 1st person 2nd person 3rd person
masculine feminine masculine feminine
Durative sentences
ⲁⲛⲟⲕ ⲛ̀ⲑⲟⲕ ⲛ̀ⲑⲟ ⲛ̀ⲑⲟϥ ⲛ̀ⲑⲟⲥ ⲁⲛⲟⲛ ⲛ̀ⲑⲱⲧⲉⲛ ⲛ̀ⲑⲱⲩ
present simple present ϯⲑⲟⲛ ⲉⲕⲑⲟⲛ ⲧⲉⲑⲟⲛ ⲉϥⲑⲟⲛ ⲉⲥⲑⲟⲛ ⲧⲉⲛⲑⲟⲛ ⲧⲉⳕⲧⲉⲛⲑⲟⲛ ⲥⲉⲑⲟⲛ
circumstantial ⲉⲓⲑⲟⲛ ⲉⳕⲕⲑⲟⲛ ⲉⳕⲣⲉⲑⲟⲛ ⲉⳕⲕⲑⲟⲛ ⲉⳕⲥⲑⲟⲛ ⲉⳕⲛⲑⲟⲛ ⲉⳕⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲑⲟⲛ ⲉⲩⲑⲟⲛ
preterite ⲛⲁⲓⲑⲟⲛ ⲛⲁⲕⲑⲟⲛ ⲛⲁⲣⲉⲑⲟⲛ ⲛⲁϥⲑⲟⲛ ⲛⲁⲥⲑⲟⲛ ⲛⲁⲛⲑⲟⲛ ⲛⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲑⲟⲛ ⲛⲁⲩⲑⲟⲛ
relative ⲉϯⲑⲟⲛ ⲉⲧⲉⲕⲑⲟⲛ ⲉⲧⲉⲑⲟⲛ ⲉⲧⲉϥⲑⲟⲛ ⲉⲧⲉⲥⲑⲟⲛ ⲉⲧⲉⲛⲑⲟⲛ ⲉⲧⲉⳕⲧⲉⲛⲑⲟⲛ ⲉⲧⲩⲑⲟⲛ
future simple future ϯⲛⲁⲑⲟⲛ ⲉⲭⲛⲁⲑⲟⲛ ⲧⲉⲛⲁⲑⲟⲛ ⲉϥⲛⲁⲑⲟⲛ ⲉⲥⲛⲁⲑⲟⲛ ⲧⲉⲛⲛⲁⲑⲟⲛ ⲧⲉⳕⲧⲉⲛⲛⲁⲑⲟⲛ ⲥⲉⲛⲁⲑⲟⲛ
circumstantial ⲉⲓⲛⲁⲑⲟⲛ ⲉⳕⲭⲛⲁⲑⲟⲛ ⲉⳕⲣⲉⲛⲁⲑⲟⲛ ⲉⳕⲕⲛⲁⲑⲟⲛ ⲉⳕⲥⲛⲁⲑⲟⲛ ⲉⳕⲛⲛⲁⲑⲟⲛ ⲉⳕⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲁⲑⲟⲛ ⲉⲩⲛⲁⲑⲟⲛ
preterite ⲛⲁⲓⲛⲁⲑⲟⲛ ⲛⲁⲭⲛⲁⲑⲟⲛ ⲛⲁⲣⲉⲛⲁⲑⲟⲛ ⲛⲁϥⲛⲁⲑⲟⲛ ⲛⲁⲥⲛⲁⲑⲟⲛ ⲛⲁⲛⲛⲁⲑⲟⲛ ⲛⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲁⲑⲟⲛ ⲛⲁⲩⲛⲁⲑⲟⲛ
conditional ⲉⲛⲁⲓⲛⲁⲑⲟⲛ ⲉⲛⲁⲭⲛⲁⲑⲟⲛ ⲉⲛⲁⲣⲉⲛⲁⲑⲟⲛ ⲉⲛⲁϥⲛⲁⲑⲟⲛ ⲉⲛⲁⲥⲛⲁⲑⲟⲛ ⲉⲛⲁⲛⲛⲁⲑⲟⲛ ⲉⲛⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲁⲑⲟⲛ ⲉⲛⲁⲩⲛⲁⲑⲟⲛ
relative ⲉϯⲛⲁⲑⲟⲛ ⲉⲧⲉⲭⲛⲁⲑⲟⲛ ⲉⲧⲉⲛⲁⲑⲟⲛ ⲉⲧⲉϥⲛⲁⲑⲟⲛ ⲉⲧⲉⲥⲛⲁⲑⲟⲛ ⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲁⲑⲟⲛ ⲉⲧⲉⳕⲧⲉⲛⲛⲁⲑⲟⲛ ⲉⲧⲩⲛⲁⲑⲟⲛ
Non-durative sentences
ⲁⲛⲟⲕ ⲛ̀ⲑⲟⲕ ⲛ̀ⲑⲟ ⲛ̀ⲑⲟϥ ⲛ̀ⲑⲟⲥ ⲁⲛⲟⲛ ⲛ̀ⲑⲱⲧⲉⲛ ⲛ̀ⲑⲱⲩ
past affirmative ⲁⲓⲑⲟⲛ ⲁⲕⲑⲟⲛ ⲁⲣⲉⲑⲟⲛ ⲁϥⲑⲟⲛ ⲁⲥⲑⲟⲛ ⲁⲛⲑⲟⲛ ⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲑⲟⲛ ⲁⲩⲑⲟⲛ
negative ⲉⲙⲡⲓⲑⲟⲛ ⲉⲙⲡⲉⲕⲑⲟⲛ ⲉⲙⲡⲉⲑⲟⲛ ⲉⲙⲡⲉϥⲑⲟⲛ ⲉⲙⲡⲉⲥⲑⲟⲛ ⲉⲙⲡⲉⲛⲑⲟⲛ ⲉⲙⲡⲉⲧⲉⲛⲑⲟⲛ ⲉⲙⲡⲩⲑⲟⲛ
affirmative preterite ⲛⲉⲁⲓⲑⲟⲛ ⲛⲉⲁⲕⲑⲟⲛ ⲛⲉⲁⲣⲉⲑⲟⲛ ⲛⲉⲁϥⲑⲟⲛ ⲛⲉⲁⲥⲑⲟⲛ ⲛⲉⲁⲛⲛⲁⲑⲟⲛ ⲛⲉⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲁⲑⲟⲛ ⲛⲉⲁⲩⲛⲁⲑⲟⲛ
negative preterite ⲛⲉⲙⲡⲓⲑⲟⲛ ⲛⲉⲙⲡⲉⲕⲑⲟⲛ ⲛⲉⲙⲡⲉⲑⲟⲛ ⲛⲉⲙⲡⲉϥⲑⲟⲛ ⲛⲉⲙⲡⲉⲥⲑⲟⲛ ⲛⲉⲙⲡⲉⲛⲑⲟⲛ ⲛⲉⲙⲡⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲑⲟⲛ ⲛⲉⲙⲡⲩⲑⲟⲛ
relative ⲉⲧⲁⲓⲑⲟⲛ ⲉⲧⲁⲕⲑⲟⲛ ⲉⲧⲁⲣⲉⲑⲟⲛ ⲉⲧⲁϥⲑⲟⲛ ⲉⲧⲁⲥⲑⲟⲛ ⲉⲧⲁⲛⲑⲟⲛ ⲉⲧⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲑⲟⲛ ⲉⲧⲁⲩⲑⲟⲛ
aorist affirmative ϣⲁⲓⲑⲟⲛ ϣⲁⲕⲑⲟⲛ ϣⲁⲣⲉⲑⲟⲛ ϣⲁϥⲑⲟⲛ ϣⲁⲥⲑⲟⲛ ϣⲁⲛⲑⲟⲛ ϣⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲑⲟⲛ ϣⲁⲩⲑⲟⲛ
negative ⲉⲙⲡⲁⲓⲑⲟⲛ ⲉⲙⲡⲁⲕⲑⲟⲛ ⲉⲙⲡⲁⲣⲉⲑⲟⲛ ⲉⲙⲡⲁϥⲑⲟⲛ ⲉⲙⲡⲁⲥⲑⲟⲛ ⲉⲙⲡⲁⲛⲑⲟⲛ ⲉⲙⲡⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲑⲟⲛ ⲉⲙⲡⲁⲩⲑⲟⲛ
optative affirmative ⲉⲓⲉⲑⲟⲛ ⲉⲕⲉⲑⲟⲛ ⲉⲣⲉⲑⲟⲛ ⲉϥⲉⲑⲟⲛ ⲉⲥⲉⲑⲟⲛ ⲉⲛⲉⲑⲟⲛ ⲉⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲉⲑⲟⲛ ⲉⲩⲉⲑⲟⲛ
negative ⲉⲛⲛⲁⲑⲟⲛ ⲉⲛⲛⲉⲕⲑⲟⲛ ⲉⲛⲛⲉⲑⲟⲛ ⲉⲛⲛⲉϥⲑⲟⲛ ⲉⲛⲛⲉⲥⲑⲟⲛ ⲉⲛⲛⲉⲛⲑⲟⲛ ⲉⲛⲛⲉⲧⲉⲛⲑⲟⲛ ⲉⲛⲛⲩⲑⲟⲛ
jussive,
causative
jussive ⲙⲁⲣⲓⲑⲟⲛ ⲙⲁⲣⲉⲕⲑⲟⲛ ⲙⲁⲣⲉⲑⲟⲛ ⲙⲁⲣⲉϥⲑⲟⲛ ⲙⲁⲣⲉⲥⲑⲟⲛ ⲙⲁⲣⲉⲛⲑⲟⲛ ⲙⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲑⲟⲛ ⲙⲁⲣⲩⲑⲟⲛ
affirmative causative ⲑⲣⲓⲑⲟⲛ ⲑⲣⲉⲕⲑⲟⲛ ⲑⲣⲉⲑⲟⲛ ⲑⲣⲉϥⲑⲟⲛ ⲑⲣⲉⲥⲑⲟⲛ ⲑⲣⲉⲛⲑⲟⲛ ⲑⲣⲉⳕⲧⲉⲛⲑⲟⲛ ⲑⲣⲩⲑⲟⲛ
negative causative ⲉⲙⲡⲉⲛⲑⲣⲓⲑⲟⲛ ⲉⲙⲡⲉⲛⲑⲣⲉⲕⲑⲟⲛ ⲉⲙⲡⲉⲛⲑⲣⲉⲑⲟⲛ ⲉⲙⲡⲉⲛⲑⲣⲉϥⲑⲟⲛ ⲉⲙⲡⲉⲛⲑⲣⲉⲥⲑⲟⲛ ⲉⲙⲡⲉⲛⲑⲣⲉⲛⲑⲟⲛ ⲉⲙⲡⲉⲛⲑⲣⲉⳕⲧⲉⲛⲑⲟⲛ ⲉⲙⲡⲉⲛⲑⲣⲩⲑⲟⲛ
Subordinate clause
ⲁⲛⲟⲕ ⲛ̀ⲑⲟⲕ ⲛ̀ⲑⲟ ⲛ̀ⲑⲟϥ ⲛ̀ⲑⲟⲥ ⲁⲛⲟⲛ ⲛ̀ⲑⲱⲧⲉⲛ ⲛ̀ⲑⲱⲩ
conditional affirmative ⲁⲓϣⲁⲛⲑⲟⲛ ⲁⲕϣⲁⲛⲑⲟⲛ ⲁⲣⲉϣⲁⲛⲑⲟⲛ ⲁϥϣⲁⲛⲑⲟⲛ ⲁⲥϣⲁⲛⲑⲟⲛ ⲁⲛϣⲁⲛⲑⲟⲛ ⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛϣⲁⲛⲑⲟⲛ ⲁⲩϣⲁⲛⲑⲟⲛ
negative ⲁⲓϣⲧⲉⲙⲑⲟⲛ ⲁⲕϣⲧⲉⲙⲑⲟⲛ ⲁⲣⲉϣⲧⲉⲙⲑⲟⲛ ⲁϥϣⲧⲉⲙⲑⲟⲛ ⲁⲥϣⲧⲉⲙⲑⲟⲛ ⲁⲛϣⲧⲉⲙⲑⲟⲛ ⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛϣⲧⲉⲙⲑⲟⲛ ⲁⲩϣⲧⲉⲙⲑⲟⲛ
conjunctive affirmative ⲉⲛⲧⲁⲑⲟⲛ ⲉⲛⲧⲉⲕⲑⲟⲛ ⲉⲛⲧⲉⲑⲟⲛ ⲉⲛⲧⲉϥⲑⲟⲛ ⲉⲛⲧⲉⲥⲑⲟⲛ ⲉⲛⲧⲉⲛⲑⲟⲛ ⲉⲛⲧⲉⳕⲧⲉⲛⲑⲟⲛ ⲉⲛⲧⲩⲑⲟⲛ
negative ⲉⲛⲧⲁϣⲧⲉⲙⲑⲟⲛ ⲉⲛⲧⲉⲕϣⲧⲉⲙⲑⲟⲛ ⲉⲛⲧⲉϣⲧⲉⲙⲑⲟⲛ ⲉⲛⲧⲉϥϣⲧⲉⲙⲑⲟⲛ ⲉⲛⲧⲉⲥϣⲧⲉⲙⲑⲟⲛ ⲉⲛⲧⲉⲛϣⲧⲉⲙⲑⲟⲛ ⲉⲛⲧⲉⳕⲧⲉⲛϣⲧⲉⲙⲑⲟⲛ ⲉⲛⲧⲩϣⲧⲉⲙⲑⲟⲛ
limitative,
expectative
limitative ϣⲁϯⲑⲟⲛ ϣⲁⲧⲉⲕⲑⲟⲛ ϣⲁⲧⲉⲑⲟⲛ ϣⲁⲧⲉϥⲑⲟⲛ ϣⲁⲧⲉⲥⲑⲟⲛ ϣⲁⲧⲉⲛⲑⲟⲛ ϣⲁⲧⲉⳕⲧⲉⲛⲑⲟⲛ ϣⲁⲧⲩⲑⲟⲛ
expectative ⲉⲙⲡⲁϯⲑⲟⲛ ⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲕⲑⲟⲛ ⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲑⲟⲛ ⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉϥⲑⲟⲛ ⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲥⲑⲟⲛ ⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲛⲑⲟⲛ ⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⳕⲧⲉⲛⲑⲟⲛ ⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲩⲑⲟⲛ