Contionary:ⲑⲟⲛ

Maryan Coptic

Alternate forms

• ⲧⲟⲛ (ton) – Cholevic
• ⲑⲓⲁⲛ (tʰian) – Thebian

Etymology

Inherited from Arabic طعن (ṭaʿana).

• Estimated pronunciation evolution:
  • (Old Egyptian, c. 2500 B.C.E.) IPA: /tʼaˈʕan/
  • (Middle Egyptian, c. 1700 B.C.E.) IPA: /tʼaˈʕan/
  • (Medio-Late Egyptian, c. 1350 B.C.E.) IPA: /tʼəˈʕan/
  • (Late Egyptian, c. 800 B.C.E.) IPA: /tʼəˈʕan/
  • (Early Demotic, c. 450 B.C.E.) IPA: /təˈʕon/
  • (Late Demotic / Old Maryan, c. 100 B.C.E.) IPA: /tʕon/

Pronunciation

• (Central) IPA: /tʰɔn/
• (Nahlic) IPA: [tʰɑ̃n]

Noun

ⲑⲟⲛ (tʰon) m.

1. stabbing, piercing
2. penetration

Verb

ⲑⲟⲛ (tʰon) irt. (construct ⲑⲉⲛ, pronominal ⲧⲁⲛ-, qualitative ⲧⲁⲛ)

1. (transitive) to stab, to pierce, to penetrate

Conjugation

Conjugation of ⲑⲟⲛ
infinitive		ⲉ̀ⲑⲟⲛ	negative infinitive		ⲉ̀ϣⲧⲉⲙⲑⲟⲛ
imperative		ⲑⲟⲛ	negative imperative		ⲉⲙⲡⲉⲣⲑⲟⲛ
		singular					plural
		1st person	2nd person		3rd person		1st person	2nd person	3rd person
			masculine	feminine	masculine	feminine
Durative sentences
		ⲁⲛⲟⲕ	ⲛ̀ⲑⲟⲕ	ⲛ̀ⲑⲟ	ⲛ̀ⲑⲟϥ	ⲛ̀ⲑⲟⲥ	ⲁⲛⲟⲛ	ⲛ̀ⲑⲱⲧⲉⲛ	ⲛ̀ⲑⲱⲩ
present	simple present	ϯⲑⲟⲛ	ⲉⲕⲑⲟⲛ	ⲧⲉⲑⲟⲛ	ⲉϥⲑⲟⲛ	ⲉⲥⲑⲟⲛ	ⲧⲉⲛⲑⲟⲛ	ⲧⲉⳕⲧⲉⲛⲑⲟⲛ	ⲥⲉⲑⲟⲛ
	circumstantial	ⲉⲓⲑⲟⲛ	ⲉⳕⲕⲑⲟⲛ	ⲉⳕⲣⲉⲑⲟⲛ	ⲉⳕⲕⲑⲟⲛ	ⲉⳕⲥⲑⲟⲛ	ⲉⳕⲛⲑⲟⲛ	ⲉⳕⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲑⲟⲛ	ⲉⲩⲑⲟⲛ
	preterite	ⲛⲁⲓⲑⲟⲛ	ⲛⲁⲕⲑⲟⲛ	ⲛⲁⲣⲉⲑⲟⲛ	ⲛⲁϥⲑⲟⲛ	ⲛⲁⲥⲑⲟⲛ	ⲛⲁⲛⲑⲟⲛ	ⲛⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲑⲟⲛ	ⲛⲁⲩⲑⲟⲛ
	relative	ⲉϯⲑⲟⲛ	ⲉⲧⲉⲕⲑⲟⲛ	ⲉⲧⲉⲑⲟⲛ	ⲉⲧⲉϥⲑⲟⲛ	ⲉⲧⲉⲥⲑⲟⲛ	ⲉⲧⲉⲛⲑⲟⲛ	ⲉⲧⲉⳕⲧⲉⲛⲑⲟⲛ	ⲉⲧⲩⲑⲟⲛ
future	simple future	ϯⲛⲁⲑⲟⲛ	ⲉⲭⲛⲁⲑⲟⲛ	ⲧⲉⲛⲁⲑⲟⲛ	ⲉϥⲛⲁⲑⲟⲛ	ⲉⲥⲛⲁⲑⲟⲛ	ⲧⲉⲛⲛⲁⲑⲟⲛ	ⲧⲉⳕⲧⲉⲛⲛⲁⲑⲟⲛ	ⲥⲉⲛⲁⲑⲟⲛ
	circumstantial	ⲉⲓⲛⲁⲑⲟⲛ	ⲉⳕⲭⲛⲁⲑⲟⲛ	ⲉⳕⲣⲉⲛⲁⲑⲟⲛ	ⲉⳕⲕⲛⲁⲑⲟⲛ	ⲉⳕⲥⲛⲁⲑⲟⲛ	ⲉⳕⲛⲛⲁⲑⲟⲛ	ⲉⳕⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲁⲑⲟⲛ	ⲉⲩⲛⲁⲑⲟⲛ
	preterite	ⲛⲁⲓⲛⲁⲑⲟⲛ	ⲛⲁⲭⲛⲁⲑⲟⲛ	ⲛⲁⲣⲉⲛⲁⲑⲟⲛ	ⲛⲁϥⲛⲁⲑⲟⲛ	ⲛⲁⲥⲛⲁⲑⲟⲛ	ⲛⲁⲛⲛⲁⲑⲟⲛ	ⲛⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲁⲑⲟⲛ	ⲛⲁⲩⲛⲁⲑⲟⲛ
	conditional	ⲉⲛⲁⲓⲛⲁⲑⲟⲛ	ⲉⲛⲁⲭⲛⲁⲑⲟⲛ	ⲉⲛⲁⲣⲉⲛⲁⲑⲟⲛ	ⲉⲛⲁϥⲛⲁⲑⲟⲛ	ⲉⲛⲁⲥⲛⲁⲑⲟⲛ	ⲉⲛⲁⲛⲛⲁⲑⲟⲛ	ⲉⲛⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲁⲑⲟⲛ	ⲉⲛⲁⲩⲛⲁⲑⲟⲛ
	relative	ⲉϯⲛⲁⲑⲟⲛ	ⲉⲧⲉⲭⲛⲁⲑⲟⲛ	ⲉⲧⲉⲛⲁⲑⲟⲛ	ⲉⲧⲉϥⲛⲁⲑⲟⲛ	ⲉⲧⲉⲥⲛⲁⲑⲟⲛ	ⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲁⲑⲟⲛ	ⲉⲧⲉⳕⲧⲉⲛⲛⲁⲑⲟⲛ	ⲉⲧⲩⲛⲁⲑⲟⲛ
Non-durative sentences
		ⲁⲛⲟⲕ	ⲛ̀ⲑⲟⲕ	ⲛ̀ⲑⲟ	ⲛ̀ⲑⲟϥ	ⲛ̀ⲑⲟⲥ	ⲁⲛⲟⲛ	ⲛ̀ⲑⲱⲧⲉⲛ	ⲛ̀ⲑⲱⲩ
past	affirmative	ⲁⲓⲑⲟⲛ	ⲁⲕⲑⲟⲛ	ⲁⲣⲉⲑⲟⲛ	ⲁϥⲑⲟⲛ	ⲁⲥⲑⲟⲛ	ⲁⲛⲑⲟⲛ	ⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲑⲟⲛ	ⲁⲩⲑⲟⲛ
	negative	ⲉⲙⲡⲓⲑⲟⲛ	ⲉⲙⲡⲉⲕⲑⲟⲛ	ⲉⲙⲡⲉⲑⲟⲛ	ⲉⲙⲡⲉϥⲑⲟⲛ	ⲉⲙⲡⲉⲥⲑⲟⲛ	ⲉⲙⲡⲉⲛⲑⲟⲛ	ⲉⲙⲡⲉⲧⲉⲛⲑⲟⲛ	ⲉⲙⲡⲩⲑⲟⲛ
	affirmative preterite	ⲛⲉⲁⲓⲑⲟⲛ	ⲛⲉⲁⲕⲑⲟⲛ	ⲛⲉⲁⲣⲉⲑⲟⲛ	ⲛⲉⲁϥⲑⲟⲛ	ⲛⲉⲁⲥⲑⲟⲛ	ⲛⲉⲁⲛⲛⲁⲑⲟⲛ	ⲛⲉⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲁⲑⲟⲛ	ⲛⲉⲁⲩⲛⲁⲑⲟⲛ
	negative preterite	ⲛⲉⲙⲡⲓⲑⲟⲛ	ⲛⲉⲙⲡⲉⲕⲑⲟⲛ	ⲛⲉⲙⲡⲉⲑⲟⲛ	ⲛⲉⲙⲡⲉϥⲑⲟⲛ	ⲛⲉⲙⲡⲉⲥⲑⲟⲛ	ⲛⲉⲙⲡⲉⲛⲑⲟⲛ	ⲛⲉⲙⲡⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲑⲟⲛ	ⲛⲉⲙⲡⲩⲑⲟⲛ
	relative	ⲉⲧⲁⲓⲑⲟⲛ	ⲉⲧⲁⲕⲑⲟⲛ	ⲉⲧⲁⲣⲉⲑⲟⲛ	ⲉⲧⲁϥⲑⲟⲛ	ⲉⲧⲁⲥⲑⲟⲛ	ⲉⲧⲁⲛⲑⲟⲛ	ⲉⲧⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲑⲟⲛ	ⲉⲧⲁⲩⲑⲟⲛ
aorist	affirmative	ϣⲁⲓⲑⲟⲛ	ϣⲁⲕⲑⲟⲛ	ϣⲁⲣⲉⲑⲟⲛ	ϣⲁϥⲑⲟⲛ	ϣⲁⲥⲑⲟⲛ	ϣⲁⲛⲑⲟⲛ	ϣⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲑⲟⲛ	ϣⲁⲩⲑⲟⲛ
	negative	ⲉⲙⲡⲁⲓⲑⲟⲛ	ⲉⲙⲡⲁⲕⲑⲟⲛ	ⲉⲙⲡⲁⲣⲉⲑⲟⲛ	ⲉⲙⲡⲁϥⲑⲟⲛ	ⲉⲙⲡⲁⲥⲑⲟⲛ	ⲉⲙⲡⲁⲛⲑⲟⲛ	ⲉⲙⲡⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲑⲟⲛ	ⲉⲙⲡⲁⲩⲑⲟⲛ
optative	affirmative	ⲉⲓⲉⲑⲟⲛ	ⲉⲕⲉⲑⲟⲛ	ⲉⲣⲉⲑⲟⲛ	ⲉϥⲉⲑⲟⲛ	ⲉⲥⲉⲑⲟⲛ	ⲉⲛⲉⲑⲟⲛ	ⲉⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲉⲑⲟⲛ	ⲉⲩⲉⲑⲟⲛ
	negative	ⲉⲛⲛⲁⲑⲟⲛ	ⲉⲛⲛⲉⲕⲑⲟⲛ	ⲉⲛⲛⲉⲑⲟⲛ	ⲉⲛⲛⲉϥⲑⲟⲛ	ⲉⲛⲛⲉⲥⲑⲟⲛ	ⲉⲛⲛⲉⲛⲑⲟⲛ	ⲉⲛⲛⲉⲧⲉⲛⲑⲟⲛ	ⲉⲛⲛⲩⲑⲟⲛ
jussive, causative	jussive	ⲙⲁⲣⲓⲑⲟⲛ	ⲙⲁⲣⲉⲕⲑⲟⲛ	ⲙⲁⲣⲉⲑⲟⲛ	ⲙⲁⲣⲉϥⲑⲟⲛ	ⲙⲁⲣⲉⲥⲑⲟⲛ	ⲙⲁⲣⲉⲛⲑⲟⲛ	ⲙⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲑⲟⲛ	ⲙⲁⲣⲩⲑⲟⲛ
	affirmative causative	ⲑⲣⲓⲑⲟⲛ	ⲑⲣⲉⲕⲑⲟⲛ	ⲑⲣⲉⲑⲟⲛ	ⲑⲣⲉϥⲑⲟⲛ	ⲑⲣⲉⲥⲑⲟⲛ	ⲑⲣⲉⲛⲑⲟⲛ	ⲑⲣⲉⳕⲧⲉⲛⲑⲟⲛ	ⲑⲣⲩⲑⲟⲛ
	negative causative	ⲉⲙⲡⲉⲛⲑⲣⲓⲑⲟⲛ	ⲉⲙⲡⲉⲛⲑⲣⲉⲕⲑⲟⲛ	ⲉⲙⲡⲉⲛⲑⲣⲉⲑⲟⲛ	ⲉⲙⲡⲉⲛⲑⲣⲉϥⲑⲟⲛ	ⲉⲙⲡⲉⲛⲑⲣⲉⲥⲑⲟⲛ	ⲉⲙⲡⲉⲛⲑⲣⲉⲛⲑⲟⲛ	ⲉⲙⲡⲉⲛⲑⲣⲉⳕⲧⲉⲛⲑⲟⲛ	ⲉⲙⲡⲉⲛⲑⲣⲩⲑⲟⲛ
Subordinate clause
		ⲁⲛⲟⲕ	ⲛ̀ⲑⲟⲕ	ⲛ̀ⲑⲟ	ⲛ̀ⲑⲟϥ	ⲛ̀ⲑⲟⲥ	ⲁⲛⲟⲛ	ⲛ̀ⲑⲱⲧⲉⲛ	ⲛ̀ⲑⲱⲩ
conditional	affirmative	ⲁⲓϣⲁⲛⲑⲟⲛ	ⲁⲕϣⲁⲛⲑⲟⲛ	ⲁⲣⲉϣⲁⲛⲑⲟⲛ	ⲁϥϣⲁⲛⲑⲟⲛ	ⲁⲥϣⲁⲛⲑⲟⲛ	ⲁⲛϣⲁⲛⲑⲟⲛ	ⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛϣⲁⲛⲑⲟⲛ	ⲁⲩϣⲁⲛⲑⲟⲛ
	negative	ⲁⲓϣⲧⲉⲙⲑⲟⲛ	ⲁⲕϣⲧⲉⲙⲑⲟⲛ	ⲁⲣⲉϣⲧⲉⲙⲑⲟⲛ	ⲁϥϣⲧⲉⲙⲑⲟⲛ	ⲁⲥϣⲧⲉⲙⲑⲟⲛ	ⲁⲛϣⲧⲉⲙⲑⲟⲛ	ⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛϣⲧⲉⲙⲑⲟⲛ	ⲁⲩϣⲧⲉⲙⲑⲟⲛ
conjunctive	affirmative	ⲉⲛⲧⲁⲑⲟⲛ	ⲉⲛⲧⲉⲕⲑⲟⲛ	ⲉⲛⲧⲉⲑⲟⲛ	ⲉⲛⲧⲉϥⲑⲟⲛ	ⲉⲛⲧⲉⲥⲑⲟⲛ	ⲉⲛⲧⲉⲛⲑⲟⲛ	ⲉⲛⲧⲉⳕⲧⲉⲛⲑⲟⲛ	ⲉⲛⲧⲩⲑⲟⲛ
	negative	ⲉⲛⲧⲁϣⲧⲉⲙⲑⲟⲛ	ⲉⲛⲧⲉⲕϣⲧⲉⲙⲑⲟⲛ	ⲉⲛⲧⲉϣⲧⲉⲙⲑⲟⲛ	ⲉⲛⲧⲉϥϣⲧⲉⲙⲑⲟⲛ	ⲉⲛⲧⲉⲥϣⲧⲉⲙⲑⲟⲛ	ⲉⲛⲧⲉⲛϣⲧⲉⲙⲑⲟⲛ	ⲉⲛⲧⲉⳕⲧⲉⲛϣⲧⲉⲙⲑⲟⲛ	ⲉⲛⲧⲩϣⲧⲉⲙⲑⲟⲛ
limitative, expectative	limitative	ϣⲁϯⲑⲟⲛ	ϣⲁⲧⲉⲕⲑⲟⲛ	ϣⲁⲧⲉⲑⲟⲛ	ϣⲁⲧⲉϥⲑⲟⲛ	ϣⲁⲧⲉⲥⲑⲟⲛ	ϣⲁⲧⲉⲛⲑⲟⲛ	ϣⲁⲧⲉⳕⲧⲉⲛⲑⲟⲛ	ϣⲁⲧⲩⲑⲟⲛ
	expectative	ⲉⲙⲡⲁϯⲑⲟⲛ	ⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲕⲑⲟⲛ	ⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲑⲟⲛ	ⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉϥⲑⲟⲛ	ⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲥⲑⲟⲛ	ⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲛⲑⲟⲛ	ⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⳕⲧⲉⲛⲑⲟⲛ	ⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲩⲑⲟⲛ