IntroductionPhonology
Orthography
Latin |
Greek |
IPA |
Remarks
|
Vowels
|
a |
α |
a |
|
e |
ε |
e |
|
i |
η |
i |
|
o |
ο |
o |
|
u |
ω |
u |
|
Consonants
|
p |
π |
p |
|
ph |
πφ |
pʰ |
|
b |
μπ |
b |
|
m |
μ |
m |
|
μβ |
When mutated from /v/.
|
f |
φ |
f |
|
v |
β |
v |
|
t |
τ |
t |
|
th |
τθ |
tʰ |
|
d |
ντ |
d |
|
n |
ν |
n |
|
νδ |
When mutated from /ð/.
|
c |
θ |
θ |
|
x |
δ |
ð |
|
s |
σ |
s |
|
z |
ζ |
z |
|
l |
λ |
l |
|
r |
ρ |
ɾ |
|
ky |
κ |
c |
Before /e/ or /i/.
|
κι |
Otherwise.
|
khy |
κχ |
cʰ |
Before /e/ or /i/.
|
κχι |
Otherwise
|
gy |
γκ |
ɟ |
Before /e/ or /i/.
|
γκι |
Otherwise
|
ny |
γγ |
ɲ |
Before /e/ or /i/.
|
γγι |
Otherwise
|
hy |
χ |
ç |
Before /e/ or /i/.
|
χι |
Otherwise
|
y |
γ |
ʝ |
Before /e/ or /i/.
|
γι |
Otherwise
|
k |
κυ |
k |
Before /e/ or /i/.
|
κ |
Otherwise
|
kh |
κχυ |
kʰ |
Before /e/ or /i/.
|
κχ |
Otherwise
|
g |
γκυ |
ɡ |
Before /e/ or /i/.
|
γκ |
Otherwise
|
ng |
γγυ |
ŋ |
Before /e/ or /i/.
|
γγ |
Otherwise
|
h |
χυ |
h |
Before /e/ or /i/.
|
χ |
Otherwise
|
q |
γυ |
ɣ |
Before /e/ or /i/.
|
γ |
Otherwise
|
Rising diphthongs
|
ia |
ηα |
i̯a |
|
ie |
ηε |
i̯e |
|
io |
ηο |
i̯o |
|
iu |
ηω |
i̯u |
|
ua |
ωα |
u̯a |
|
ue |
ωε |
u̯e |
|
ui |
ωι |
u̯i |
|
uo |
ωο |
u̯o |
|
Falling diphthongs
|
ai |
αη |
ai̯ |
|
ei |
εη |
ei̯ |
|
oi |
οη |
oi̯ |
|
au |
αω |
au̯ |
|
eu |
εω |
eu̯ |
|
ou |
οω |
ou̯ |
|
Consonants
Vowels
Prosody
Stress
Intonation
Phonotactics
Morphophonology
Initial consonant mutation
There are 3 types of initial consonant mutations:
- Nasal mutation
- Aspirate mutation
Nasal mutation
Consonant |
Mutated form
|
p |
π
|
b |
μπ
|
v |
β
|
m |
μβ
|
t |
τ
|
d |
ντ
|
x |
δ
|
n |
νδ
|
ky |
κ(ι)
|
gy |
γκ(ι)
|
y |
γ(ι)
|
ny |
γγ(ι)
|
k |
κ(υ)
|
g |
γκ(υ)
|
q |
γ(υ)
|
ng |
γγ(υ)
|
Aspirate mutation
Consonant |
Mutated form
|
p |
π
|
ph |
πφ
|
t |
τ
|
th |
τθ
|
ky |
κ(ι)
|
khy |
κχ(ι)
|
k |
κ(υ)
|
kh |
κχ(υ)
|
MorphologySyntax
Constituent order
Noun phrase
Verb phrase
Sentence phrase
Dependent clauses
Example textsOther resources