IntroductionPhonology
Orthography
| Latin |
Greek |
IPA |
Remarks
|
| Vowels
|
| a |
α |
a |
|
| e |
ε |
e |
|
| i |
η |
i |
|
| o |
ο |
o |
|
| u |
ω |
u |
|
| Consonants
|
| p |
π |
p |
|
| ph |
πφ |
pʰ |
|
| b |
μπ |
b |
|
| m |
μ |
m |
|
| μβ |
When mutated from /v/.
|
| f |
φ |
f |
|
| v |
β |
v |
|
| t |
τ |
t |
|
| th |
τθ |
tʰ |
|
| d |
ντ |
d |
|
| n |
ν |
n |
|
| νδ |
When mutated from /ð/.
|
| c |
θ |
θ |
|
| x |
δ |
ð |
|
| s |
σ |
s |
|
| z |
ζ |
z |
|
| l |
λ |
l |
|
| r |
ρ |
ɾ |
|
| ky |
κ |
c |
Before /e/ or /i/.
|
| κι |
Otherwise.
|
| khy |
κχ |
cʰ |
Before /e/ or /i/.
|
| κχι |
Otherwise
|
| gy |
γκ |
ɟ |
Before /e/ or /i/.
|
| γκι |
Otherwise
|
| ny |
γγ |
ɲ |
Before /e/ or /i/.
|
| γγι |
Otherwise
|
| hy |
χ |
ç |
Before /e/ or /i/.
|
| χι |
Otherwise
|
| y |
γ |
ʝ |
Before /e/ or /i/.
|
| γι |
Otherwise
|
| k |
κυ |
k |
Before /e/ or /i/.
|
| κ |
Otherwise
|
| kh |
κχυ |
kʰ |
Before /e/ or /i/.
|
| κχ |
Otherwise
|
| g |
γκυ |
ɡ |
Before /e/ or /i/.
|
| γκ |
Otherwise
|
| ng |
γγυ |
ŋ |
Before /e/ or /i/.
|
| γγ |
Otherwise
|
| h |
χυ |
h |
Before /e/ or /i/.
|
| χ |
Otherwise
|
| q |
γυ |
ɣ |
Before /e/ or /i/.
|
| γ |
Otherwise
|
| Rising diphthongs
|
| ia |
ηα |
i̯a |
|
| ie |
ηε |
i̯e |
|
| io |
ηο |
i̯o |
|
| iu |
ηω |
i̯u |
|
| ua |
ωα |
u̯a |
|
| ue |
ωε |
u̯e |
|
| ui |
ωι |
u̯i |
|
| uo |
ωο |
u̯o |
|
| Falling diphthongs
|
| ai |
αη |
ai̯ |
|
| ei |
εη |
ei̯ |
|
| oi |
οη |
oi̯ |
|
| au |
αω |
au̯ |
|
| eu |
εω |
eu̯ |
|
| ou |
οω |
ou̯ |
|
Consonants
Vowels
Prosody
Stress
Intonation
Phonotactics
Morphophonology
Initial consonant mutation
There are 2 types of initial consonant mutations:
- Nasal mutation (represented N–)
- Aspirate mutation (represented H–)
Nasal mutation
| Consonant |
Mutated form
|
| p |
π
|
b |
μπ
|
| v |
β
|
m |
μβ
|
| t |
τ
|
d |
ντ
|
| x |
δ
|
n |
νδ
|
| ky |
κ(ι)
|
gy |
γκ(ι)
|
| y |
γ(ι)
|
ny |
γγ(ι)
|
| k |
κ(υ)
|
g |
γκ(υ)
|
| q |
γ(υ)
|
ng |
γγ(υ)
|
Aspirate mutation
| Consonant |
Mutated form
|
| p |
π
|
ph |
πφ
|
| t |
τ
|
th |
τθ
|
| ky |
κ(ι)
|
khy |
κχ(ι)
|
| k |
κ(υ)
|
kh |
κχ(υ)
|
Morphology
Nouns and Adjectives
Yerek has 3 genders: masculine, feminine, and neuter. Note that unlike Greek, gender in Yerek is based on natural gender.
Nouns and adjectives are declined identically.
| Case |
Singular |
Plural
|
| Masc. |
Fem. |
Neut. |
Masc. |
Fem. |
Neut.
|
| Nominative
|
–
|
| Accusative
|
N–
|
H–
|
–
|
| Genitive
|
–
|
H–
|
–
|
N–
|
| Dative
|
N–
|
H–
|
Articles
Definite article
| Case |
Singular |
Plural
|
| Masc. |
Fem. |
Neut. |
Masc. |
Fem. |
Neut.
|
| Nominative
|
το |
τη |
το |
τω |
τε |
τα
|
| Accusative
|
| Genitive
|
τω |
τη |
τω |
τω
|
| Dative
|
τη
|
Pronouns
Personal pronouns
| Person |
Singular |
Plural
|
| 1
|
μη |
νω
|
| 2
|
ση |
πφω
|
| 3
|
ωτ
|
Verbs
Yerek verb conjugation
| Tense |
Imperfective |
Perfective |
Habitual
|
| Present
|
-εν |
-ης |
-ησαν
|
| Past
|
-ενην |
-ησην |
-ησηναν
|
Syntax
Constituent order
Noun phrase
Verb phrase
Sentence phrase
Dependent clauses
Example textsOther resources