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==Phonologie== | ==Phonologie== | ||
=== | ===Consonants=== | ||
=== | {| border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="width:700px;text-align:center;" | ||
! colspan="2" | | |||
! |Labial | |||
! |Dental | |||
! |Alveolar | |||
! |Palatal | |||
! |Velar | |||
! |Glottal | |||
|- | |||
! colspan="2" style="" |Nasal | |||
| '''m''' /m/ | |||
| '''n''' /n/ | |||
| | |||
| | |||
| '''ng''' /ŋ/ | |||
| | |||
|- | |||
! rowspan="2" |Plosive | |||
! |<small>voiced</small> | |||
| '''b''' /b~β/ | |||
| '''d''' /d~ð/ | |||
| | |||
| | |||
| '''g''' /g~ɣ/ | |||
| | |||
|- | |||
! |<small>voiceless</small> | |||
| '''p''' /p⁼/ | |||
| '''t''' /t⁼/ | |||
| | |||
| | |||
| '''c''' /k⁼/ | |||
| <b>'</b> /ʔ/ | |||
|- | |||
! colspan="2" style="" |Affricate | |||
| | |||
| '''ts''' /ts̪/ | |||
| '''tł''' /ts̺~ʈʂ/ | |||
| | |||
| | |||
| | |||
|- | |||
! rowspan="2" style="" |Fricative | |||
! |<small>spirant</small> | |||
| '''f''' /f/ | |||
| '''th''' /θ/ | |||
| | |||
| | |||
| '''ch''' /x/ | |||
| | |||
|- | |||
! |<small>nonspirant</small> | |||
| | |||
| '''s''' /s̪/ | |||
| '''ł''' /s̺~ʂ/ | |||
| '''ș''' /ʃ/ | |||
| | |||
| '''h''' /h/ | |||
|- | |||
! colspan="2" |Resonant | |||
| '''w''' /w/ | |||
| '''r''' /r/ | |||
| '''l''' /l~ɫ~ɭ/ | |||
| '''y''' /j/ | |||
| | |||
| | |||
|} | |||
The glottal stop is not transcribed word-initially. | |||
===Vowels=== | |||
These are the realization of vowels in Classical Windermere: | |||
{{col-begin}} | |||
{{col-break}} | |||
{| border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="text-align:center;" | |||
|+Monophthongs | |||
|- | |||
! rowspan="2" | | |||
! colspan="2" |Front | |||
! rowspan="2" |Central | |||
! rowspan="2" |Back | |||
|- | |||
! style="width: 45px; " |<small>unrounded</small> | |||
! style="width: 45px; " |<small>rounded</small> | |||
|- | |||
! style="" |Close | |||
| '''i''' /i/ | |||
| '''ü''' /y/ | |||
| | |||
| '''u''' /u/ | |||
|- | |||
! style="" |Mid | |||
| '''e''' /e/ | |||
| | |||
| '''ă''' /ə/ | |||
| '''o''' /o/ | |||
|- | |||
! style="" |Open | |||
| '''ä''' /æ/ | |||
| | |||
| '''a''' /a̠/ | |||
| | |||
|} | |||
{{col-break}} | |||
{| border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="text-align:center;" | |||
|+Diphthongs | |||
|- | |||
! rowspan="2" | | |||
! colspan="2" |Front | |||
! rowspan="2" |Central | |||
! rowspan="2" |Back | |||
|- | |||
! style="width: 45px; " |<small>unrounded</small> | |||
! style="width: 45px; " |<small>rounded</small> | |||
|- | |||
! style="" |Close | |||
| '''ie''' /iə/ | |||
| '''üe''' /yə/ | |||
| | |||
| '''ua''' /uə/ | |||
|- | |||
! style="" |Mid | |||
| '''ea''' /eə/ | |||
| | |||
| | |||
| '''oa''' /oə/ | |||
|} | |||
{{col-end}} | |||
;Notes | |||
*/ə/ occurs only in unstressed syllables. | |||
===Stress=== | |||
Stress is on the last syllable that does not have /ə/ as the vowel. | |||
===Phonotactics=== | |||
Zero and C are the only permitted word-final codas. | |||
Allowed initial clusters in Classical Windermere are similar to Germanic. Here is a list by type of cluster (some clusters may be listed more than once): | |||
*Cl: pl, tl, tsl, cl, bl, gl, fl, chl, sl | |||
*Cr: pr, tr, tsr, cr, br, dr, gr, fr, thr, chr, sr | |||
*Cm: tm, thm, cm, chm, sm | |||
*Cn: fn, cn, chn, sn | |||
*Cng: fng, tng, thng, chng, sng | |||
*Cw: tw, thw, cw, chw, gw, sw, șw | |||
*sC: sp, st, sc, sm, sn, sng, sl, sr, sw | |||
*chC: chm, chn, chng, chl, chr | |||
Voiced stops are not allowed to begin minor syllables in roots. This rule does not apply to proper names. | |||
==Grammatik== | ==Grammatik== | ||
[[Category:de]] | [[Category:de]] | ||