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→‎Second conjugation

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 ====Second conjugation====
 The second conjugation includes verbs whose infinitive ends in stressed ''-iri'': it merges the Latin second and fourth conjugations (← <small>-ĒRE</small> and <small>-ĪRE</small>) as well as, due to influence of the first person singular of the present indicative, the reflexes of many third conjugation <small>-IŌ</small> verbs (like ''chafiu, chafiri'' from <small>CAPIŌ, CAPERE</small>) which have been reanalyzed into this conjugation, undergoing a stress change. The third person plural of the present indicative of original fourth conjugation verbs and the participles of second conjugation ones have then been altered by analogy (with original second and third conjugation forms respectively), creating this conjugation pattern.
- three slightly different patterns, as sound changes coalesced the latter three conjugations of Latin mostly into similar forms. The infinitive for all second conjugation verbs ends in ''-iri'', stressed for those that continue the 2nd and 4th Latin conjugations (← <small>-ĒRE, -IRE</small>) and unstressed for the others, continuing the 3rd conjugation of Latin (← <small>-ERE</small>).
-# The first pattern continues the second conjugation, and has ''-e-'' as the thematic vowel in the participles and ''-i-'' in the 1SG and 3PL present indicative inflections;
-# The second pattern continues the third conjugation, and also has ''-e-'' as thematic vowel for the participles, but ''-u-'' in the 1SG and 3PL present indicative inflections;
-# The third pattern, continuing the fourth conjugation, always has ''-i-'' as thematic vowel in both participles and 1SG/3PL present indicative. Except for the present participle and the gerundive, it is identical to the first pattern.
 Most second (and third) conjugation verbs are not completely regular and have a different stem in the perfect, usually inherited from Latin (cf. for the two verbs above ''spondi'' "I declare", ''spofondi'' "I declared" (← <small>SPONDEŌ</small>, <small>SPOPONDĪ</small>) and ''chambi'' "I change", ''chansi'' "I changed" (← <small>CAMBIŌ</small>, <small>CAMPSĪ</small>)). There are therefore two different possible exits for the 1SG and 3SG in the perfect, usually depending on how it was conjugated in Latin: