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| style="text-align: center; background-color: palegreen;"| '''''*rēdan → *rēþ''''' <br />/reːðɑn → reːθ/ | | style="text-align: center; background-color: palegreen;"| '''''*rēdan → *rēþ''''' <br />/reːðɑn → reːθ/ | ||
| style="text-align: center;"| '''''reiðan → *reiþ''''' <br />/reɪ̯ðɑn → reɪ̯θ/ | | style="text-align: center;"| '''''reiðan → *reiþ''''' <br />/reɪ̯ðɑn → reɪ̯θ/ | ||
| style="text-align: center;"| ''''' | | style="text-align: center;"| '''''reiðɴ → reiðþ''''' <br />/rəi̯ðn̩ → rəi̯θ/ | ||
| style="text-align: center;"| '''''rēðna → rēþ''''' <br />/rai̯ðnɑ → rai̯θ/ | | style="text-align: center;"| '''''rēðna → rēþ''''' <br />/rai̯ðnɑ → rai̯θ/ | ||
|style="text-align: left; vertical-align: text-top;"| ‘to speak’ → ‘speak!’ | |style="text-align: left; vertical-align: text-top;"| ‘to speak’ → ‘speak!’ | ||
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| style="text-align: center; background-color: palegreen;"| '''''*ōgan → *ōhta''''' <br />/oːɣɑn → oːxtɑ/ | | style="text-align: center; background-color: palegreen;"| '''''*ōgan → *ōhta''''' <br />/oːɣɑn → oːxtɑ/ | ||
| style="text-align: center;"| '''''*ougyan → *ouhta''''' <br />/oʊ̯ɣɑn → oʊ̯xtɑ/ | | style="text-align: center;"| '''''*ougyan → *ouhta''''' <br />/oʊ̯ɣɑn → oʊ̯xtɑ/ | ||
| style="text-align: center;"| ''''' | | style="text-align: center;"| '''''ougɴ → oufta''''' <br />/əu̯ɡn̩ → əu̯ftɑ/ | ||
| style="text-align: center;"| '''''ōgna → ōfta''''' <br />/ɑu̯gnɑ → ɑu̯ftɑ/ | | style="text-align: center;"| '''''ōgna → ōfta''''' <br />/ɑu̯gnɑ → ɑu̯ftɑ/ | ||
|style="text-align: left; vertical-align: text-top;"| ‘to fear’ → ‘I feared’ | |style="text-align: left; vertical-align: text-top;"| ‘to fear’ → ‘I feared’ | ||
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|style="text-align: center;"| '''''*swimman → *swamm''''' <br />/swimːɑn → swɑm(ː)/ | |style="text-align: center;"| '''''*swimman → *swamm''''' <br />/swimːɑn → swɑm(ː)/ | ||
|style="text-align: center; background-color: palegreen;"| '''''*swimman → *swam''''' <br />/swimːɑn → swɑm/ | |style="text-align: center; background-color: palegreen;"| '''''*swimman → *swam''''' <br />/swimːɑn → swɑm/ | ||
|style="text-align: center;"| ''''' | |style="text-align: center;"| '''''svipman → svam''''' <br />/swipmɑn → swɑm/ | ||
|style="text-align: center;"| ''''' | |style="text-align: center;"| '''''switmɴ → swam''''' <br />/switmn̩ → swɑm/ | ||
|style="text-align: center;"| ''''' | |style="text-align: center;"| '''''suitman → suam''''' <br />/switmɑn → swɑm/ | ||
|style="text-align: left; vertical-align: text-top;"| ‘to swim’ → ‘swam’ | |style="text-align: left; vertical-align: text-top;"| ‘to swim’ → ‘swam’ | ||
|- | |- | ||
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|style="text-align: center; background-color: palegreen;"| '''''*kunnan → *kunþa''''' <br />/kunːɑn → kunθɑ/ | |style="text-align: center; background-color: palegreen;"| '''''*kunnan → *kunþa''''' <br />/kunːɑn → kunθɑ/ | ||
|style="text-align: center;"| '''''kutnan → kunþa''''' <br />/kutnɑn → kunθɑ/ | |style="text-align: center;"| '''''kutnan → kunþa''''' <br />/kutnɑn → kunθɑ/ | ||
|style="text-align: center;"| ''''' | |style="text-align: center;"| '''''kutnɴ → kunþa''''' <br />/kutnn̩ → kunθɑ/ | ||
|style="text-align: center;"| '''''kutnan → kunþa''''' <br />/kutnɑn → kunθɑ/ | |style="text-align: center;"| '''''kutnan → kunþa''''' <br />/kutnɑn → kunθɑ/ | ||
|style="text-align: left; vertical-align: text-top;"| ‘to be able’ → ‘could’ | |style="text-align: left; vertical-align: text-top;"| ‘to be able’ → ‘could’ | ||
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|style="text-align: center;"| '''''sildaleiks''''' <br />/sildɑliːks/ | |style="text-align: center;"| '''''sildaleiks''''' <br />/sildɑliːks/ | ||
|style="text-align: center; background-color: palegreen;"| '''''*sildalīks''''' <br />/sildɑliːks/ | |style="text-align: center; background-color: palegreen;"| '''''*sildalīks''''' <br />/sildɑliːks/ | ||
|style="text-align: center; background-color: palegreen;"| ''''' | |style="text-align: center; background-color: palegreen;"| '''''sliðalijks''''' <br />/sliðɑliːks/ | ||
|style="text-align: center;"| ''''' | |style="text-align: center;"| '''''sliðalīks''''' <br />/sliðɑliːks/ | ||
|style="text-align: center;"| ''''' | |style="text-align: center;"| '''''sliðaliks''''' <br />/sliðɑliks/ | ||
|style="text-align: left; vertical-align: text-top;"| ‘wonderful’ | |style="text-align: left; vertical-align: text-top;"| ‘wonderful’ | ||
|- | |- | ||
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| style="text-align: center;"| '''''baurgeins''''' <br />/bɔrɡiːns/ | | style="text-align: center;"| '''''baurgeins''''' <br />/bɔrɡiːns/ | ||
| style="text-align: center; background-color: palegreen;"| '''''*borgīns''''' <br />/bɔrɡiːns/ | | style="text-align: center; background-color: palegreen;"| '''''*borgīns''''' <br />/bɔrɡiːns/ | ||
| style="text-align: center; background-color: palegreen;"| '''''* | | style="text-align: center; background-color: palegreen;"| '''''*breogyijns''''' <br />/brœɣiːns/ | ||
| style="text-align: center;"| ''''' | | style="text-align: center;"| '''''broegīns''''' <br />/brø̞ɡiːns/ | ||
| style="text-align: center;"| ''''' | | style="text-align: center;"| '''''brœgins''''' <br />/brø̞ɡins/ | ||
|style="text-align: left; vertical-align: text-top;"| ‘protection’ | |style="text-align: left; vertical-align: text-top;"| ‘protection’ | ||
|- | |- | ||
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| style="text-align: center; background-color: palegreen;"| '''''*ibns''''' <br />/ibn̩s/ | | style="text-align: center; background-color: palegreen;"| '''''*ibns''''' <br />/ibn̩s/ | ||
| style="text-align: center; background-color: palegreen;"| '''''ibvns''''' <br />/iβn̩s/ | | style="text-align: center; background-color: palegreen;"| '''''ibvns''''' <br />/iβn̩s/ | ||
| style="text-align: center;"| ''''' | | style="text-align: center;"| '''''ivɴs''''' <br />/ivn̩s/ | ||
| style="text-align: center;"| '''''ivnas''''' <br />/ivnɑs/ | | style="text-align: center;"| '''''ivnas''''' <br />/ivnɑs/ | ||
|style="text-align: left; vertical-align: text-top;"| ‘even’ | |style="text-align: left; vertical-align: text-top;"| ‘even’ | ||
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|} | |} | ||
''“An unvoiced non-back continuant (i.e. fricative other than /h/<ref>It is likely that '''h''' was actually included in this change, as evidenced by certain changes in the Expansion of East Germanic Verschärfung, but that makes our formula more complicated and really doesn't change the outcome in any measurable way.</ref>) consonant becomes voiced when preceded by any non-nasal sonorant and followed by ''any''' sonorant.”'' | ''“An unvoiced non-back continuant (i.e. fricative other than /h/<ref>It is likely that '''h''' was actually included in this change, as evidenced by certain changes in the Expansion of East Germanic Verschärfung, but that makes our formula more complicated and really doesn't change the outcome in any measurable way.</ref>) consonant becomes voiced when preceded by any non-nasal sonorant and followed by '''''any''''' sonorant.”'' | ||
In more direct terms: | In more direct terms: |