Antarctican: Difference between revisions

Antarctican (view source)

Revision as of 05:52, 14 February 2013

2,595 bytes added , 14 February 2013

Superordinate voice

Linguist Wannabe

640

edits

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 *yuenpiloy /j&#616;&#628;pil&#596;i/ - employee, ergative
 *sowdla - /s&#616;ud&#622;/ - soldier, absolutive
-*damasù - /damasu&#614;/ - to scam / swindle, noun-focus
+*damasùe - /damas#616;&#614;/ - to scam / swindle, noun-focus
-yuenpiloy    damasù    sowdla
+yuenpiloy    damasùe   sowdla
 employee-ERG scam-NFCS soldier-ABS
@@ Line 3,115: / Line 3,115: @@
-yuenpiluoy   daesamasù
+yuenpiluoy   daesamasùe
-employee-ABS <1PS.INC.OBJ>scam
+employee-ABS <1PS.INC.OBJ>scam-NFCS
 An employee scammed us (including you)
@@ Line 3,125: / Line 3,125: @@
-daesamasù         yuenpiluoy
+daesamasùe             yuenpiluoy
-<1PS.INC.OBJ>scam employee-ABS
+<1PS.INC.OBJ>scam-NFCS employee-ABS
 An employee scammed us (including you)
@@ Line 3,143: / Line 3,143: @@
-duetamasù    yuenpiluoy
+duetamasùe        yuenpiluoy
-<PFV.AP>scam employee-ABS
+<PFV.AP>scam-NFCS employee-ABS
 An employee scammed / will scam (someone who does not need to be mentioned here).
@@ Line 3,155: / Line 3,155: @@
 This is used for ongoing, habitual and repeated action (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imperfective_aspect).
-damamasù      yuenpiluoy
+damamasùe          yuenpiluoy
-<IMPV.AP>scam employee-ABS
+<IMPV.AP>scam-NFCS employee-ABS
 An employee is / was / will be scamming (someone who does not need to be mentioned here).
+<h4>Superordinate Voice</h4>
+Like the antipassive, this also reduces a transitive verb's valency (the number of arguments it has, see here http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valency_(linguistics)) by one, and requires that its subject take the absolutive case. However, it requires some other verb to come afterwards to be subordinate to it e.g.
+*wuonnyie /wo&#628;&#626;e/ - to want (something), verb-focus
+*wátuonnyie /wa&#660;to&#628;&#626;e/ - to want (to do something / something to happen), verb-focus
+*chiqiin /ci&#660;i&#720;&#628;/ - to fear (something), verb-focus
+*cháetliqiin /c&#603;t&#620;i&#660;i&#720;&#628;/ - to fear (that something will happen), verb-focus
+So using the nouns below:
+*yuenpiluoy - /j&#616;&#628;piloi/ - employee, absolutive
+*yuenpiloy /j&#616;&#628;pil&#596;i/ - employee, ergative
+*sowdla - /s&#616;ud&#622;/ - soldier, absolutive
+*sowdlan - /s&#616;ud&#622;&#628;/ - soldier, ergative
+*nayba /naiba/ - neighbour, absolutive
+*nayban /naiba&#628;/ - neighbour, ergative
+*ton /t&#596;&#628;/ - change (as in coins, money), absolutive
+*taon /t&#594;&#628;/ - change, ergative
+We can say:
+yuenpiloy    wuonnyie  ton
+employee-ERG want-VFCS change-ABS
+An employee wants change
+yuenpiluoy   wátuonnyie      sowdla      damasùe
+employee-ABS <SPR>want-VFCS  soldier-ABS scam-NFCS
+An employee wants to scam a soldier.
+Note that in the second sentence, the case for the word "employee" has changed from ergative to absolutive. And since Antarctican allows nouns in the absolutive case to also come after the verb, the following sentences would also be grammatical, and all mean roughly the same thing:
+wátuonnyie yuenpiluoy sowdla damasùe
+yuenpiluoy wátuonnyie damasùe sowdla
+wátuonnyie yuenpiluoy damasùe sowdla
+Similarly, using the verb meaning "to fear", we can say:
+yuenpiluoy   chiqiin   sowdla
+employee-ERG fear-VFCS soldier-ABS
+The employee fears the soldier
+yuenpiluoy   cháetliqiin    sowdla      damasùe
+employee-ERG <SPR>fear-VFCS soldier-ABS scam-NFCS
+The employee fears he will scam / has scammed the soldier.
+The words in this sentence can be ordered in the same fashion as before.
+yuenpiluoy   cháetliqiin    sowdlan      damasùe
+employee-ERG <SPR>fear-VFCS soldier-ERG  scam-NFCS
+The employee fears the soldier will scam / has scammed him.
+Here, while the word for "employee" can come after the verb meaning "to fear", the word for "soldier", cannot, since it takes the ergative case (as it is the subject of the transitive verb meaning damasù "to scam").
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