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...depend on the dialect), pronouns marked by verbal prefixes, a reciprocal voice marked by a reduplicative prefix, a large number of grammatical moods, and

...ation of the verb is largely carried out with suffixes to indicate aspect, voice, subject and object. The order of elements is fixed in the following ways: ...tyle="width: 100px;" | Causative <br /> ''-əm-'' ||style="width: 100px;" | Voice <br /> Marker || style="width: 100px;" | Mood <br /> Marker ||style="width:

!Reciprocal ("each other") *'''STEM'''/(TAM & voice ablaut)

...glish with sentence pairs such as "he sat down" and "he sat himself down." Reciprocal and [[w:Autocausative verb|autocausative]] verbs also belong to this catego

...ishes words with harsh voice (marked with a tilde e.g. /a̰/), from breathy voice (marked with a pair of dots either above or below the vowel e.g. /a̤/ or / ...has Low Tone on the first syllable and High Tone on the second (with harsh voice).

...bial to glottal and with a family-specific feature opposition: [-voice], [+voice], [+emphatic]. The nature of the [+emphatic] feature is not clear but it pr ...ges between phonemes in the [+labial] series and those in the [+voice] / [-voice] series suggests that the features did not carry heavy information load ini

...lexive or reciprocal suffixes merge: ''-sy'' for reflexive and ''-ry'' for reciprocal; these two suffixes never merge with the stem themselves ''tak-sy-∅-u → ...It includes three suffixes: [[w:Preterite|preterite]], ''-n'' [[w:Passive voice|passive]] ''-uk'', [[w:Causative|causative]] ''-(i)da'', the latter of whic

! [[w:Voice (phonetics)|Voiced]] ! [[w:Voice (phonetics)|Voiced]]

...y. The Modality includes: Modal nominals, Negative, Tense, Mood, Aspect, Voice, Performatives, Manner, Temporals, and Frequency. ''Voice''

=====Voice affixes===== *''ab/aa-'' = reciprocal

! Reflexive/reciprocal ====Voice====

...including many distinct meanings, most notably middle-voice, reflexive and reciprocal ones, but also all adjectival verbs as well as peculiar and somewhat indepe ...n agentive voice; the patientive, unmarked voice, is here called '''common voice''' (''tailcārē tadgeroe'')<ref>For simplicity's sake, voices' names are m

'''t (2nd person/feminine endings, middle voice, definite article/modifiers):''' ...after -''d, dh'' – Exception: -''d'' assimilates to -''t''- of the middle voice to form -''t''- (instead of the expected -''d''-)

*Binyan 3 consists of verbs denote reflexive/reciprocal action ("get dressed", "kiss each other"), or change of state ("thicken"). *Binyan 9 - "X in advance, X for oneself" (from the middle voice)

...of a specific verb as it is inflected for tense, mood, and most generally voice. These ''binyanim'' showcase typical Semitic nonconcatenative morphology, i ==== Voice ====

cluster consonants can be arbitrary as long as voice assimilated ...rmined lexically by the individual verb and must be memorized (though verb voice can promote non-subject arguments to subjects).

...n ''sik'' marks the mediopassive voice on a Syzkyn verb, which is used for reciprocal, reflexive, or passive actions.

...opassive verbs gives a reflexive or passive meaning. With the mediopassive voice, the reflexive usage is normally implied when the subject is the patient. I ===Reciprocal pronouns===

...(the transitivizer/causative) and ''-aks(a)-'' (the intransitivizer/middle voice): ...on to carrying aspect, participles are the principal means of representing voice, as either '''-ð'''V'''-''' or '''(r)-'''V'''-n(n)'''.

| Voice = no ====Reciprocal pronoun====