Lesson:Metin/2: Genitive and locative
Genitive
To say that a noun owns something, first you must add the suffix en to the thing being owned.
sy'amiił "a house" to sy'amiiłen "someone's house, her place, his pad".
Then, you add the owner in the oblique form. For nouns that start with si, the oblique form starts with suar.
sy'amiiłen suarbhii' "Bhii's place."
The "r" in "suar" can change form depending on the consonanant that follows it. The rules are:
If the following sound is voiceless, "r" is pronounced "ł"
sy'amiiłen suart'is> sy'amiiłen suałt'is "The child's house".
If the following sound is voiced and "toothy" (All the toothy voiced sounds contain the letters d, z, l or j in them), r is pronounced "l" sy'amiiłen suarleeh> sy'amiiłen sualleeh "The singer's house".
If the following sound is S or T, the r remains r, despite S and T being voiceless. sy'amiiłen suarTuu "The cook's house", not "sy'amiiłen suałTu".
When adding the suffix "en" to a noun, some changes are made depending on what the noun ends in.
If noun ends in a vowel
-add yen: miji> mijiyen, siTuu> siTuuyen.
If noun ends in a fricative
-s becomes ts, z dz, zh dzh, S TS, Z DZ, Zh DZh, sy c, zy j, zyh jh, s' ts', z' dz', zh dzh', sy' c', zy' j', zyh' jh'.
lukiez> lukiedzen
fïrus> firutsen
f may not change, or become w
fïdlhïïf> fikïïwen
sikif> sikifen.
n usually becomes m
fïgoon> fïgoomen
Other final sounds rarely change.
sy'amiił> sy'amiiłen
Some words are irregular
sit'is> sits'en
siDu> siDugen
Translation practice
New words. fïluá: a light fïdaaq: a pen fïklAAs: a tablet, phone fïhëë: a bed, matress.
sileeh: a singer simuo: a spouse, date siDu (siDugen) an elder, one's boss. siTuu: a chef. sy'ahëë: a bedroom sy'aTuu: a kitchen
mihuu': food luhuu': a meal miráihëë: bedsheets, blanket
luquo: the color white luglief: the color black luDraaG: the color blue
1: That by you is the singer's tablet
2: Txen's bedsheets are black.
3: Bhii's friend's bedroom is white.
4: The Chef's kitchen isn't blue.
5: Txen's boss is cuinda (sicuinda)
6: This is cuinda's pen.
7: That isn't Bhii's date.
8: That by you is Cuinda's food.
I: Dhaa mita mijiyen sualleeh
II: mimi fïZa fïluáyen suałcuinda
III: site sisuhen suarbhii'
IV: siDugen suarbhii' siSooł
V: mimi fïgoomen suarSooł
VI: Dhaa fïhëë luDraaG
VI: luhuu'yen suałtxen
Genitive pronouns
To say something is mine or yours, suffixes different than -en. The suffix -o means "my", the suffix "-u/f" means "your".
fïdaaqen suarcuinda "cuinda's pen".
fidaaqo "my pen"
fidaaqu "your pen"
fidaaqen "his/her pen".
The rules for adding these suffixes are the same as for adding en, allthough for the suffix "u/f", "f" is used after vowels, "u" after consonants.
fïluá> filuáyo "my light."
fïluá> filuáf "your light."
sy'amiił> sy'amiiło "my house"
sy'amiił> sy'amiiłu "your house"
fïklAAs> fïklAAtso "my tablet"
fïklAAs> fïklAAtsu "your tablet"
sit'is> sits'o "my student"
sit'is> sits'u "your student".
Translation practice
1. That by you isn't my bed
2. Her pen is black
3. This is your house
4. My friend's kitchen is white.
I. miriáhëëyen siDuf mite
II. Dhaa sisuho sinteplu
III. mimi sits'en Za sibhi
IV. sy'aTuu luDraaG
Locative
Now you get to be introduced to the first formal verb of the Metin language, "hi'", to be in a place. The words you learned before, "Dhaa" and "mimi", are not verbs, but copulas, they do not conjugate.
h'i yałte fïgoon "the table is there by you"
oh'i sy'uDZao "I am in the city"
uh'i yałti mu suarbhii' "you are next to bhii'"