Togarmite/Old/Gzarot

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Gzarot (Hebrew, sg. gizra 'figure, form, pattern') in Togarmite are variations of an inflectional (especially verbal) paradigm that are determined by the choice of consonants in the consonantal root. Thus, a paradigm has not only a regular gizra but various irregular ones, which occur most commonly when

  • the consonantal root contains a "guttural" (ʔ ȝ h) or a semivowel (j w);
  • the consonantal root contains a n, since nC tends to assimilate into CC
  • the consonantal root has 2 letters.

2-ȝ

  • √t-ȝ-m 'to choose'

Binyan 1a

taȝam 'he chose'
→ Person
↓ Tense
1sg 2sg.m 2sg.f 3sg.m 3sg.f 1pl 2pl.m 2pl.f 3pl.m 3pl.f
past taȝamθī taȝamθa taȝamθi taȝam taȝamaθ taȝamnė taȝamθum taȝamθin taȝamū taȝamė
nonpast ʔatȝām tatȝām tatȝamī yatȝām yatȝamī natȝām tatȝamū tatȝāmė yatȝāmū yatȝāmė
optative ʔatȝamanna tatȝamanna tatȝamīnna yatȝamanna yatȝamīnna natȝamanna tatȝamūnna tatȝamėnna yatȝamūnna yatȝamėnna
jussive ʔatȝam tatȝam tatȝamī yatȝam yatȝamī natȝam tatȝamū tatȝamė yatȝamū yatȝamė
imperative - taȝām! taȝamī! - - - taȝamū! taȝamė! - -
active participle tėȝēm
passive participle taȝūm
verbal noun tiȝėm

3-y

These verbs have 3sg.m past from *-aya and without gender/number affixes in the prefix conjugation, from *-iyu.

Binyan 1a

saθė 'he drank'
→ Person
↓ Tense
1sg 2sg.m 2sg.f 3sg.m 3sg.f 1pl 2pl.m 2pl.f 3pl.m 3pl.f
past; conditional saθayθī saθayθa saθayθi saθė saθėθ saθaynė saθayθum saθayθin saθū saθė
present ʔasėθē tasėθē tasėθī yasėθē yasėθī nasėθē tasėθū tasėθēna yasėθū yasėθēna
future ʔasθē tasθē tasθī yasθē yasθī nasθē tasθū tasθēna yasθū yasθēna
optative ʔasθenna tasθenna tasθīnna yasθenna yasθīnna nasθenna tasθūnna tasθēnanna yasθūnna yasθēnanna
jussive ʔasθe tasθe tasθī yasθe yasθī nasθe tasθū tasθēna yasθū yasθēna
imperative - saθē! saθī! - - - saθū! saθēna! - -
active participle sėθē
passive participle masθūy
verbal noun siθėθ

3-w

These verbs have 3sg.m past from *-awa and without gender/number affixes in the prefix conjugation, from *-iwu.

Binyan 1a

manō 'he counted'
→ Person
↓ Tense
1sg 2sg.m 2sg.f 3sg.m 3sg.f 1pl 2pl.m 2pl.f 3pl.m 3pl.f
past; conditional manawθī manawθa manawθi manō manōθ manawnė manawθum manawθin manū manė
nonpast ʔamnū tamnū tamnī yamnū yamnī namnū tamnū tamnė yamnū yamnė
optative ʔamnunna tamnunna tamnīnna yamnunna yamnīnna namnunna tamnūnna tamnėnna yamnūnna yamnėnna
jussive ʔamnu tamnu tamnī yamnu yamnī namnu tamnū tamnė yamnū yamnė
imperative - manū! manī! - - - manū! manė! - -
active participle mėnū
passive participle manū
verbal noun minėθ