Contionary:Appendix/Talsmic Swadesh list
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1-19 |
English | PTal | Themsaran | Snaħħian | Tizian |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | I | *ʔina | ná | nâ | in |
2 | thou | *zei (m), *wei (f) | zêi (m), vêi (f) | zë (m), wë (f) | í |
3 | he; she; it | *qa (m.), *qī (f.) | vá (3m), vî (3f), ŧá (4m), ŧî (4f) | ħa (m), ħí (f) | že (an), ŧé (inan) |
4 | we | *kʰeam (exc), *ʁēn(ʔ) (inc) | châm (exc), távên (inc) | chém (exc), ŗénd (inc) | chaa (exc), wéen (inc) |
5 | you | *slā́s (pl) | slâs (pl) | slâs | laa |
6 | they | *ʁūç (m.pl), *ʁāne (f.pl.) | vû (3mp), vân (3fp), ŧû (4mp), ŧân (4fp) | ħou | žuu (an), ŧuu (inan) |
7 | this | *ma | mé | ma | -m (exc), -d (inc) |
8 | that | *ʁa (medial), *ŧa (distal) | ħá (near 2), ŧá (distal) | ŧa | -ħ (near 2), -ŧ (distal) |
9 | here | mách (exc), dáté (inc) | mach | ||
10 | there | ħách (near 2), ŧách (distal) | ħach | ||
11 | who | ıé | |||
12 | what | ıán | |||
13 | where | ıách, émmâ | |||
14 | when | ıápse, ıéma | |||
15 | how | *jēr | ıêr | ||
16 | not | *ris | tir, dâr, vēt- | iris | var |
17 | all | rôg, bást | |||
18 | many | ǔr- | |||
19 | some | navé | |||
20-39 |
English | PTal | Themsaran | Snaħħian | Tizian |
20 | few | ħlún- | |||
21 | other | ilb- | |||
22 | one | *kehem- | cêm | ||
23 | two | *tiç- | títhâr | ||
24 | three | *narg- | nárge | ||
25 | four | *mul- | mulé | ||
26 | five | '*nīc- | nīŧé | ||
27 | big | *ʔāzd- | ârd | âdŧ | aazd |
28 | long | ðûod | |||
29 | wide | qrǒn | |||
30 | thick | clûm (dimensionally); núrb (viscous) | |||
31 | heavy | áħtyr | |||
32 | small | thóls | |||
33 | short | nâ | |||
34 | narrow | grîð | |||
35 | thin | ħezál | |||
36 | woman | *kámrar=ʔ | cámré | diis | |
37 | man (male) |
*ruda | rúd | ||
38 | person | *kára | cár | ||
39 | child (a youth) |
nylán | |||
40-59 |
English | PTal | Themsaran | Snaħħian | Tizian |
40 | wife | cámré | |||
41 | husband | rúd | |||
42 | mother | ātmé | |||
43 | father | anétt | |||
44 | animal | ðnôr | |||
45 | fish | chenðé | |||
46 | bird | ıárg | |||
47 | dog | sħűm | sŗoum | ||
48 | louse | qeŧâ | |||
49 | snake | ıócył | |||
50 | worm | thóns | |||
51 | tree | mâr | |||
52 | forest | ðilné | |||
53 | stick (of wood) |
câuł | |||
54 | fruit | alféth | |||
55 | seed | połłé | |||
56 | leaf | támi | |||
57 | root | sqōzé | |||
58 | bark (of tree) |
veandé | |||
59 | flower | *katra=ʔ | cátyr | ||
60-79 |
English | PTal | Themsaran | Snaħħian | Tizian |
60 | grass | vansé | |||
61 | rope | thágyr | |||
62 | skin (of a person) |
dǐħe | |||
63 | meat (as in flesh) |
qiðâth | |||
64 | blood | ŧváté | |||
65 | bone | sýmté | |||
66 | fat (noun) |
varâ | |||
67 | egg | cúoðé | |||
68 | horn | násqe | |||
69 | tail | zamfé | |||
70 | feather (rather not down) |
ðarsál | |||
71 | hair | qonáz | |||
72 | head | fîe | |||
73 | ear | gâis | |||
74 | eye | *timqa | timâ | ||
75 | nose | irłé | |||
76 | mouth | *gáʁtʰar | gávthe | gaħħe | gaħt |
77 | tooth (rather not molar) |
*ʔauzar | auzé | ||
78 | tongue | fcéiré | |||
79 | fingernail | cymfré | |||
80-99 |
English | PTal | Themsaran | Snaħħian | Tizian |
80 | foot | ővyr | |||
81 | leg | máchi | |||
82 | knee | plȳðé | |||
83 | hand | thīné | |||
84 | wing | grīðáne | |||
85 | belly | ıávi̋me | |||
86 | guts | ħinginír | |||
87 | neck | assīmé | |||
88 | back | qérb | |||
89 | breast | mlūðé | |||
90 | heart | aethîr | |||
91 | liver | thlommé | |||
92 | to drink | temlî | |||
93 | to eat | capsâi | |||
94 | to bite | zūgâi | |||
95 | to suck | ŧopthâi | |||
96 | to spit | qrūŧâi | |||
97 | to vomit | ħúorî | |||
98 | to blow (as wind) |
rātâi | |||
99 | to breathe | sládâi | |||
100-119 |
English | PTal | Themsaran | Snaħħian | Tizian |
100 | to laugh | córðêi | |||
101 | to see | tósâi | |||
102 | to hear | zōlî | |||
103 | to know (a fact) |
tacvêi | |||
104 | to think | stievâi | |||
105 | to smell (sense odor) |
gornâi | |||
106 | to fear | issâi | |||
107 | to sleep | mnádâi | |||
108 | to live | áromâi | |||
109 | to die | vingâi | |||
110 | to kill | nesâi | |||
111 | to fight | thrāpâi | |||
112 | to hunt (transitive) |
náchtâi | |||
113 | to hit | bādêi | |||
114 | to cut | scálbêi | |||
115 | to split | ŧrōsî | |||
116 | to stab (or stick) |
ħimnî | |||
117 | to scratch (an itch) |
grysnî | |||
118 | to dig | ħálnêi | |||
119 | to swim | dufcâi | |||
120-139 |
English | PTal | Themsaran | Snaħħian | Tizian |
120 | to fly | ıāðî | |||
121 | to walk | scőtâi | |||
122 | to come | riedî | |||
123 | to lie (as on one's side) |
*ʔinh-īn; ʔinh-e-īn | inthî (stative); inthêi (dynamic) | ||
124 | to sit | cuorî (stative); cuorêi (dynamic) | |||
125 | to stand | thácî (stative); thácêi (dynamic) | |||
126 | to turn (change direction) |
rumbêi | |||
127 | to fall (as in drop) |
dōgâi | |||
128 | to give | mihd-īn | mīdî | ||
129 | to hold (in one's hand) |
ámmâi | |||
130 | to squeeze | qlűnâi | |||
131 | to rub | híerâi | |||
132 | to wash | chy̋tî | |||
133 | to wipe | rúoðêi | |||
134 | to pull | ðmīsái | |||
135 | to push | cýfnâi | |||
136 | to throw | fóchŧêi | |||
137 | to tie | onħî | |||
138 | to sew | gāŧî | |||
139 | to count | diqâi | |||
140-159 |
English | PTal | Themsaran | Snaħħian | Tizian |
140 | to say | chenî | |||
141 | to sing | *gáhl-e-īn | ga̋lêi | gáale | |
142 | to play | ħósfêi | |||
143 | to float | vogmî | |||
144 | to flow | virdâi | |||
145 | to freeze | hascâi | |||
146 | to swell | ftóchêi | |||
147 | sun | mirché | |||
148 | moon | háðúr | |||
149 | star | ílém | |||
150 | water | *jéneqa | ıénâ | ||
151 | rain | *ʔīzar=ʔ | īzé | ||
152 | river | *sakrar=ʔ | sacré | ||
153 | lake | cílf | |||
154 | sea (as in ocean) |
fǒn | |||
155 | salt | caéð | |||
156 | stone | neldé | |||
157 | sand | qǐrar | |||
158 | dust | iefâ | |||
159 | earth (as in soil) |
lǔove | |||
160-179 |
English | PTal | Themsaran | Snaħħian | Tizian |
160 | cloud | bírs | |||
161 | fog | ħǐed | |||
162 | sky | bílze | |||
163 | wind (as in breeze) |
cólyn | |||
164 | snow | vydré | |||
165 | ice | alvé | |||
166 | smoke | achûn | |||
167 | fire | rȳıál | |||
168 | ashes | girdé | |||
169 | to burn (intransitive) |
nauðî | |||
170 | road | fásyr | |||
171 | mountain | vâið | |||
172 | red | tha̋ryn | |||
173 | green | qmîer | |||
174 | yellow | hácth | |||
175 | white | qîl | |||
176 | black | spaŧâ | |||
177 | night | míne | |||
178 | day (daytime) |
ra̋ze | |||
179 | year | vîem | |||
180-199 |
English | PTal | Themsaran | Snaħħian | Tizian |
180 | warm (as in weather) |
glóð | |||
181 | cold (as in weather) |
ðŷl; thnǎt | |||
182 | full | rǐth | |||
183 | new | ansíl | |||
184 | old | ámf | |||
185 | good | *lahm- | lâm | ||
186 | bad | prîth (imprudent); va̋g (immoral) | |||
187 | rotten (as, a log) |
crufár | |||
188 | dirty | chvîn | |||
189 | straight | adáv | |||
190 | round | ıádyl | |||
191 | sharp (as a knife) |
thórâ | |||
192 | dull (as a knife) |
hérym | |||
193 | smooth | othím | |||
194 | wet | qemáth | |||
195 | dry (adjective) |
ŧányr | |||
196 | right (correct) |
ħléth | |||
197 | near | dûot | |||
198 | far | qélyn | |||
199 | right (side) |
omâir | |||
200-207 |
English | PTal | Themsaran | Snaħħian | Tizian |
200 | left (side) |
hemíŧ | |||
201 | at | *dēj- | di | ||
202 | in | *dēj- | di | ||
203 | with (accompanying) |
ā | |||
204 | and | ie | |||
205 | if | nit; ar; gin | |||
206 | because | eir (< *ʔei-ris 'is it not that...') | |||
207 | name | ıéli |