Modern Phrygian

Modern Phrygian (Native: βρουζ̌ικιά /vɾuʒiˈɟa/) is a modern variety of the Phrygian language.

Modern Phrygian
τα βρουζ̌ικιά ξ̌ώσσα
Pronunciation	[ta vɾuʒiˈɟ̊a ˈkʃosa]
Created by	Shariifka
Language family	Indo-European Graeco-Phrygian Phrygian Modern Phrygian

Introduction

Phonology

Orthography

Greek orthography

Alphabet

Letter Name IPA Α α άλφα [ˈalfa] Β β βέτα [ˈved̥a] Γ γ γάμμα [ˈɣama] Δ δ δέλτα [ˈðelda] Ε ε ε [e] Ζ ζ ζέτα [ˈzed̥a] Ζ̌ ζ̌ ζ̌έτα [ˈʒed̥a] Η η έτα [ˈed̥a] Θ θ θέτα [ˈθed̥a] Ι ι γιώτα [ˈʝod̥a]

Letter Name IPA Κ κ κάππα [ˈkapa] Λ λ λάμπδα [ˈlambða] Μ μ μου [mu] Ν ν νου [nu] Ξ ξ ξι [ksi] Ξ̌ ξ̌ ξ̌ι [kʃi] Ο ο ο [o] Π π πι [pi] Ρ ρ ρο [ro] Σ σ ς σίμα [ˈsima]

Letter Name IPA Σ̌ σ̌ ς̌ σ̌ίμα [ˈʃima] Τ τ ταύ [taf] Υ υ ου [u] Φ φ φι [fi] Χ χ χι [çi] Ψ ψ ψι [psi] Ψ̌ ψ̌ ψ̌ι [pʃi] Ω ω ωμέκα [oˈmeɡ̊a]

Consonants

Consonants

Letter	Context	IPA	Examples	Remarks
β	everywhere	[v]
γ	before front vowels ([e] or [i]).	[ʝ]
	before velar consonants ([ɡ] or [x])	[ŋ]		This occurs when the following consonant is ⟨ξ⟩, ⟨ξ̌⟩, or non-palatalized ⟨κ⟩ or ⟨χ⟩.
	before palatal consonants ([ɟ] or [ç])	[ɲ]		This occurs when the following consonant is palatalized ⟨κ⟩ or ⟨χ⟩.
	everywhere else	[ɣ]
γγ	before front vowel	[ɲ]
	elsewhere	[ŋ]
γι	before vowels	[ʝ]
γγι	before vowels	[ɲ]
δ	everywhere	[ð]
ζ	everywhere	[z]
ζ̌	everywhere	[ʒ]
θ	everywhere	[θ]
ι	preceded by ⟨μ⟩ and followed by a vowel	[ɲ]		⟨ι⟩ remains a vowel in these positions if it has a dieresis and/or an accent (i.e. ⟨ϊ, ί, ΐ⟩).
	preceded by an unvoiced consonant other than ⟨κ⟩ or ⟨χ⟩ and followed by a vowel	[ç]
	preceded by a voiced consonant other than ⟨γ⟩, ⟨λ⟩, ⟨μ⟩, or ⟨ν⟩ and followed by a vowel	[ʝ]
κ	after vowel or liquid and before front vowel ([e] or [i]).	[ɟ̊]
	after vowel or liquid otherwise	[ɡ̊]
	after nasal before front vowel	[ɟ]
	after nasal otherwise	[ɡ]
	before voiced obstruent	[ɡ]
	otherwise before front vowel	[c]
	everywhere else	[k]
κκ	before front vowel	[c]
	otherwise	[k]
κι	after vowel or liquid and before a vowel	[ɟ̊]
	after nasal before a vowel	[ɟ]
	otherwise before a vowel	[c]
κκι	before a vowel	[c]
λ(λ)	everywhere	[l]
λ(λ)ι	before a vowel	[ʎ]
μ(μ)	everywhere	[m]
ν	non-final	[n]
	final	[-̃, ɰ̃]		Nasalizes the preceding vowel.
νν	everywhere	[n]
ν(ν)ι	before a vowel	[ɲ]
ξ	everywhere	[ks]
ξ̌	everywhere	[kʃ]
ου	before a vowel	[w]		⟨ου⟩ remains a vowel in this circumstance if it has an accent (i.e. ⟨ού⟩).
π	after vowel or liquid	[b̥]
	after nasal	[b]
	before voiced obstruent	[b]
	otherwise	[p]
ππ	everywhere	[p]
ρ(ρ)	everywhere	[r ~ ɾ]		In free variation.
σ(σ)	everywhere	[s]
τ	after vowel or ⟨ρ⟩	[d̥]
	after nasal or ⟨λ⟩	[d]
	before voiced obstruent	[d]
	otherwise	[t]
ττ	everywhere	[t]
τσ	everywhere	[ts]
τσ̌	everywhere	[tʃ]
τζ	everywhere	[dz]
τζ̌	everywhere	[dʒ]
υ	after ⟨α⟩, ⟨ε⟩, or ⟨η⟩ and before a nasal consonant	[m]
	after ⟨α⟩, ⟨ε⟩, or ⟨η⟩ and word-final or before a voiceless consonant	[f]
	after ⟨α⟩, ⟨ε⟩, or ⟨η⟩ otherwise	[v]
φ	everywhere	[f]
χ	before front vowel	[ç]
	otherwise	[x]
χι	before vowel	[ç]
ψ	everywhere	[ps]
ψ̌	everywhere	[pʃ]

Vowels

Monophthong Vowels

Letter	IPA	Examples	Remarks
α	[a]		Actually closer to [ä].
ε	[e]		Actually closer to [e̞].
αι
ι	[i]
η
υ
ει
οι
υι
ο	[o]		Actually closer to [o̞].
ω
ου	[u]

Diphthongs

Diphthongs are formed by following a non-high vowel with a high vowel.

The following diphthongs are possible:

Diphthongs

nucleus↓ offglide→	ι /i/	η /i/	υ /i/	ου /u/
α /a/	αϊ (άι)	αη	αϋ (άυ)	αου
ε /e/	εϊ (έι)	εη	εϋ (έυ)	εου
ο /o/	οϊ (όι)	οη	οϋ (όυ)	–
ω /o/	ωι	ωη	ωυ	ωου

Stress

Primary stress is always indicated in multisyllabic words via an acute accent.

When a syllable with a false diphthong (i.e. αι, ει, οι, υι, αυ, ευ, ηυ) is stressed, the accent is always written on the second vowel letter.

When a syllable with a true diphthong is stressed, the accent is written on the nucleus of the diphthong (i.e. the first vowel letter).

Morphology

Syntax