Twench (Native: Poewleis /puvˈlɛɪs/) is a Gallo-Romance language.
Introduction
Etymology
The endonym Poewleis is derived from poewel (< Latin populus), meaning "common folk".
The English name Twench is ultimately derived from Tuihanti, a Germanic tribe.
Phonology
Orthography
Consonants
| spelling |
IPA |
Remarks
|
| normally |
final
|
| b
|
/b/ |
/p/ |
|
| ch
|
/x/ |
|
| d
|
/d/ |
/t/ |
|
| f
|
/f/ |
|
| g
|
/ɡ/ |
/k/ |
|
| gh
|
/ɣ/ |
/x/ |
May instead be pronounced /ʝ/ or /x/ depending on dialect.
|
| h
|
/ɦ/ |
— |
May be pronounced /h/ depending on dialect.
|
| j
|
/j/ |
— |
|
| k
|
/k/ |
Written ⟨ck⟩ when doubled.
|
| l
|
/l/ |
Pronounced dark/velarized ([ɫ]) word-finally and before consonants.
|
| m
|
/m/ |
|
| n
|
/n/ |
Assimilates place of articulation with following consonant.
|
| ng
|
/ŋ/ |
|
| p
|
/p/ |
|
| q
|
/k/ |
In loanwords
|
| qu
|
/kv/ |
— |
In loanwords
|
| r
|
/r/ |
|
| s
|
/s/ |
|
| sj
|
/ʃ/ |
In loanwords
|
| t
|
/t/ |
|
| th
|
/t/ |
— |
Mostly in loanwords, or dialectal for /θ/.
|
| v
|
/f/ |
— |
|
| w
|
/v/ |
/f/ |
|
| x
|
/ks/ |
In loanwords
|
| z
|
/z/ |
— |
|
| zj
|
/ʒ/ |
— |
In loanwords
|
|
Vowels and diphthongs
| spelling |
IPA
|
| checked |
free
|
| a
|
/ɑ/ |
/a(ː)/
|
| aa
|
/a(ː)/ |
—
|
| aai
|
/aːi̯/
|
| ai
|
/ɑi̯/
|
| au
|
/ɔu̯/
|
| e
|
/ɛ/, /ə/[1] |
/e(ː)/, /ə/[1]
|
| ee
|
/e(ː)/
|
| eeu
|
/eːu̯/
|
| ei
|
/ɛi̯/
|
| eu
|
/ø(ː)/
|
| i, y
|
/ɪ/, /ə/[1] |
/i(ː)/
|
| ie
|
/i(ː)/
|
| ieu
|
/iu̯/
|
| ij
|
/i(ː)/
|
| o
|
/ɔ/ |
/o(ː)/
|
| oe
|
/u(ː)/
|
| oei
|
/ui̯/
|
| oi
|
/ɔi̯/
|
| oo
|
/o(ː)/ |
—
|
| ooi
|
/oːi̯/
|
| ou
|
/u(ː)/
|
| u
|
/ʏ/ |
/y(ː)/
|
| ui
|
/œy̯/
|
| uu
|
/y(ː)/ |
—
|
|
Alphabet
| Letter |
Name |
IPA
|
| A a |
a |
[aː]
|
| B b |
be |
[beː]
|
| C c |
ce |
[seː]
|
| D d |
de |
[deː]
|
| E e |
e |
[eː]
|
| F f |
ef |
[ɛf]
|
| G g |
ge |
[ɡeː]
|
| H h |
ha |
[ɦaː]
|
| I i |
i |
[iː]
|
|
| Letter |
Name |
IPA
|
| J j |
je |
[jeː]
|
| K k |
ka |
[kaː]
|
| L l |
el |
[ɛɫ]
|
| M m |
em |
[ɛm]
|
| N n |
en |
[ɛn]
|
| O o |
o |
[oː]
|
| P p |
pe |
[peː]
|
| Q q |
ku |
[kyː]
|
| R r |
er |
[ɛɾ]
|
|
| Letter |
Name |
IPA
|
| S s |
es |
[ɛs]
|
| T t |
te |
[teː]
|
| U u |
u |
[yː]
|
| V v |
ve |
[feː]
|
| W w |
we |
[veː]
|
| X x |
iks |
[ɪks]
|
| Y y |
Griekeise i |
[gɾiːˈkɛɪsə iː]
|
| (IJ ij) |
longe i |
[ˈlɔŋə iː]
|
| Z z |
zet |
[zɛt]
|
|
Consonants
Vowels
Prosody
Stress
Intonation
Phonotactics
Morphophonology
Morphology
Pronouns
| Person/ Number |
Subject |
Object |
Possessive
|
| 1S
|
jou |
je |
mei |
me |
mij |
mien
|
| 2S
|
|
| 2S (arch.)
|
tu |
te |
tei |
te |
tij |
tien
|
| 3SM
|
|
| 3SF
|
|
| 1P
|
|
| 2P
|
|
| 3P
|
|
Numerals
Twench numerals
|
Cardinal |
Ordinal |
Fractional
|
| 0
|
nul |
nulliesem |
—
|
| 1
|
uun |
primeer, prijm |
—
|
| 2
|
dous |
zekond |
demei
|
| 3
|
treis |
tiers |
tiers
|
| 4
|
kwatter |
kwaart |
kwaart
|
| 5
|
sink |
kint |
kint
|
| 6
|
zechs |
zechsem |
zechsem
|
| 7
|
zet |
zettem |
zettem
|
| 8
|
ocht |
ochtem |
ochtem
|
| 9
|
noew |
noewem |
noewem
|
| 10
|
dies |
diesem |
diesem
|
| 11
|
onze |
onzem |
onzem
|
| 12
|
dozze |
dozzem |
dozzem
|
| 13
|
trezze |
trezzem |
trezzem
|
| 14
|
kwattorze |
kwattorzem |
kwattorzem
|
| 15
|
kinze |
kinzem |
kinzem
|
| 16
|
zezze |
zezzem |
zezzem
|
| 17
|
zetdies |
zetdiesem |
zetdiesem
|
| 20
|
wijnt |
wijntiesem |
wijntiesem
|
| 21
|
uun-et-wijnt |
uun-et-wijntiesem |
uun-et-wijntiesem
|
| 30
|
treint |
treintiesem |
treintiesem
|
| 40
|
kwaraant |
kwaraantiesem |
kwaraantiesem
|
| 50
|
sinkaant |
sinkaantiesem |
sinkaantiesem
|
| 60
|
zechsaant |
zechsaantiesem |
zechsaantiesem
|
| 70
|
zettaant |
zettaantiesem |
zettaantiesem
|
| 80
|
ochtaant |
ochtaantiesem |
ochtaantiesem
|
| 90
|
noewaant |
noewaaantiesem |
noewaaantiesem
|
| 100
|
seint |
seintiesem |
seintiesem
|
| 1000
|
mil |
milliesem |
milliesem
|
| 10^6
|
miljoun |
miljouniesem |
miljouniesem
|
Syntax
Constituent order
Noun phrase
Verb phrase
Sentence phrase
Dependent clauses
Vocabulary
Example texts
Other resources
Endnotes
- ^ a b c ⟨e⟩ and ⟨i⟩, when unstressed, are sometimes pronounced /ə/.