Celabrian/Swadesh list
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Abbreviations:
- sg. = singular
- d. = dual
- pl. = plural
- inf. = informal
- f. = formal
- an. = animate
- inan. = inanimate
- int. = interrogative
- rel. = relative
- imp. = imperfective
- prf. = perfective
No. | English | Celabrian |
---|---|---|
1 | I | jam |
2 | you (singular) | tjev (inf.); řan (f.) |
3 | he | řev |
4 | we | vom (pl.); ned (d.) |
5 | you (plural) | vym (pl.); gad (d.) |
6 | they | tøt (pl. an.); ṭyn (d. an.); peł (inan.) |
7 | this | řonus; xətəs (inan.); bṙitis (an.) |
8 | that | řonun; xətən (inan.); bṙitin (an.) |
9 | here | θonus |
10 | there | θonun |
11 | who | bṙitič |
12 | what | xətəč |
13 | where | kur; θonuč |
14 | when | kon; x́øreč; kohač |
15 | how | či |
16 | not | vøš |
17 | all | řen; řez |
18 | many | bzum |
19 | some | |
20 | few | |
21 | other | |
22 | one | řon |
23 | two | ǵøq |
24 | three | či |
25 | four | štyr |
26 | five | peč |
27 | big | meʒ |
28 | long | ḳ́ah (pl.: ḳ́ej) |
29 | wide | |
30 | thick | |
31 | heavy | |
32 | small | |
33 | short | |
34 | narrow | ŋgušt |
35 | thin | |
36 | woman | ġnā́, -s (f.) |
37 | man (adult male) | ərḗn, ərnés (m.) |
38 | man (human being) | ścũmṓn, ścũnés (m.) |
39 | child | sūtós, -ṓs (m.) |
40 | wife | ġnā́, -s (f.); pótənī, pótənyās (f.) |
41 | husband | ərḗn, ərnés (m.); pótis, péteis (m.) |
42 | mother | mā́ter, mātrés (f.) |
43 | father | páter, patrés (m.) |
44 | animal | ġīlós, -ṓs (m.) |
45 | fish | ścū́s, -s (m.) |
46 | bird | ħáwis, ħawéis (f.) |
47 | dog | cwṓn, cunés (m.) |
48 | louse | dóncos, dóncezos (n.) |
49 | snake | ħánġis, ħanġéis (m.) |
50 | worm | qúrmis, qúrmeis (m.) |
51 | tree | dóru, dréus (n.) |
52 | forest | drumós, -ṓs (m.) |
53 | stick | ʕózdos, -ōs (m.) |
54 | fruit | séznus, seznéus (m.) |
55 | seed | sḗmə̃, semnés (n.) |
56 | leaf | pétalom, -ōs (n.) |
57 | root | urā́ts, urā́dis, wardés (f.) |
58 | bark | cólmos, cólmezos (n.) |
59 | flower | ħánđos, ħánđōs, ħánđezes (n.); flṓmə̃, flomnés (n.) |
60 | grass | hartós, -ṓs (n.) |
61 | rope | śornā́, -s (f.) |
62 | skin | pelḗn, pelnés (f.) |
63 | meat | mémzā, -s (f.) |
64 | blood | ézar, ézōr, ezanés (n.) |
65 | bone | ʕóst, -a, ʕostés (n.) |
66 | fat (noun) | smérus, sũréus (m.) |
67 | egg | ʕōyyóm, -ṓs (n.) |
68 | horn | qarnós, -ṓs (m.) |
69 | tail | ʕórsos, -ōs (m.) |
70 | feather | pétar, pətanés (n.) |
71 | hair | moizós, -ṓs (m.) |
72 | head | cáros, -ōs (m.) |
73 | ear | ħóus, ħáuzōs, ħáuzes (n.) |
74 | eye | ʕóq, -es (n.) |
75 | nose | nā́s, nazés (f.) |
76 | mouth | ʕṓs, ʕṓza, ʕozés (n.) |
77 | tooth | ədónts, ədə̃tés (m.) |
78 | tongue | də̃źū́s, də̃źwā́s (f.) |
79 | fingernail | ənéhā, -s (f.) |
80 | foot | pōts, pódes, pedés (m.) |
81 | leg | stā́lom, -ōs (n.) |
82 | knee | jénu, jnéus (n.) |
83 | hand | śezṓr, śəzrés (f.) |
84 | wing | pétrā, -s (f.) |
85 | belly | ənóvos, ənóvōs, ənóvezes (n.) |
86 | guts | éntrom, -ōs (n.) |
87 | neck | ġrīwā́, -s (f.) |
88 | back | ħápos, ħápezos (n.) |
89 | breast | stḗn, stənés (n.) |
90 | heart | cḗr, cérda, cərdés (n.) |
91 | liver | yóqər, yéqōr, yéqnes (n.) |
92 | drink | píbō, píbomes, ḗxmi, exmés, pepṓħa, pepomés, pṓtus, potéus |
93 | eat | édmi, ədmés, ġérō, ġromés, eġóra, eġromé |
94 | bite | déncō, də̃comés, dḗnkśō, dénkśomes, dedónca, dedə̃cmé |
95 | suck | ŧḗyō, ŧḗimi, ŧimés, ŧeđóya, ŧeđimé |
96 | spit | ərunégō, ərungomés, əréugō, ərugomés, eróuga, erugmé |
97 | vomit | wémō, umomés, wémzō, umzomés, wewóma, weumé |
98 | blow | əwḗmi, əwḗzō, ewṓħa |
99 | breathe | pnéumō, pnumés, pnḗumzō, pnéumzomes, pepnóuma, pepnumé |
100 | laugh | sméyō, jélō, jalmés, jejóla, jejalmé |
101 | see | spécō, spécomes, dércō, dərcomés, dedórca, dedərcũmé |
102 | hear | cəlnéumi, cəlnumés, cléumi, clumés, ceclówa, ceclumé |
103 | know | widḗmi, jnṓmi, jnomés, wóida, widmé |
104 | think | ménmi, mə̃més, mḗnzō, ménzomes, memóna, memə̃mé |
105 | smell | xíxrēmi, xrḗmi, xarmés, exrṓħa, exarmé |
106 | fear | trémō, tərmomés, trḗssō, tréssomes, tetróma, tetərmé; (fear with respect) fíveimi, féimi, fīmés, fevóya, fevīmé |
107 | sleep | swépō, supomés, swḗpsō, swépsomes, sezwópa, sezupmé |
108 | live | ġéyō, ġéimi, ġīmés, eġóya, eġīmé |
109 | die | mérō, mérmi, mərmés, memóra, memərmé |
110 | kill | xénmi, xə̃més, xéxnō, exóna, exə̃mé |
111 | fight | planégō, plangomés, plā́ɡō, plagomés, peplṓga, peplagmé |
112 | hunt | ŧrohéyō, ŧrohéiđō, ŧroheiđṓħa, ŧroheiđemé |
113 | hit | tudṓ, tḗutsō, téutsomes, tetóuda, tetudmé |
114 | cut | skinédō, skindomés, skéidō, skidomés, seskóida, seskidmé |
115 | split | finédō, findomés, féidō, fidomés, fevóida, fevidmé |
116 | stab | punéjō, punjomés, péujō, pujomés, pepóuja, pepujmé |
117 | scratch | kézmi, kəzmés, kḗssō, késsomes, kekóza, kekəzmé |
118 | dig | ərunékō, ərunkomé, əréukō, ərukomés, eróuka, erukmé |
119 | swim | snā́mi, snamés, snā́zō, seznṓħa, seznamé |
120 | fly | pétō, pḗtsō, pétsomes, pepóta, pepetmé |
121 | walk | ġũyṓ, ġémmi, ġũmés, eġóma, eġũmé |
122 | come | ġíġāmi, ġíġamés, ġā́mi, ġamés, eġṓħa, eġamé |
123 | lie | léhō, céiđō, lelóha, leléhme, léhtus |
124 | sit | sízdō, sédmi, zdũmés, sezóda, sezdũmé |
125 | stand | sístāmi, sístames, stā́mi, stamés, sestṓħa, sestamé |
126 | turn | |
127 | fall | |
128 | give | dídōmi, dídomes, dṓmi, domés, dedṓħa, dedomé |
129 | hold | |
130 | squeeze | |
131 | rub | |
132 | wash | |
133 | wipe | |
134 | pull | |
135 | push | |
136 | throw | |
137 | tie | |
138 | sew | |
139 | count | |
140 | say | wéqmi, uqmés, wéuqō, wewóqa, weuqũmé |
141 | sing | |
142 | play | |
143 | float | |
144 | flow | |
145 | freeze | |
146 | swell | |
147 | sun | sṓwəl, saunés (n.) |
148 | moon | mḗns, mḗnzes (m.) |
149 | star | əstḗr, əstrés (m.) |
150 | water | wódər, wédōr, udnés (n.) |
151 | rain | |
152 | river | ħábōn, ħabnés (m.) |
153 | lake | |
154 | sea | móri, ũréis (n.) |
155 | salt | sā́ls, salés (m.) |
156 | stone | ħácmōn, ħacũnés (m.) |
157 | sand | |
158 | dust | |
159 | earth | |
160 | cloud | névos, névōs, névezes |
161 | fog | |
162 | sky | |
163 | wind | əwḗnts, -es (m.) |
164 | snow | snóixos, -ōs (m.) |
165 | ice | |
166 | smoke | ŧūmós, -ṓs (m.) |
167 | fire | pā́wər, pā́wōr, paunés (n.) |
168 | ash | |
169 | burn | |
170 | road | póntōs, póntōs, pə̃tés (m.) |
171 | mountain | |
172 | red | ərouđós, -óm, -ā́ |
173 | green | |
174 | yellow | |
175 | white | ħalbós, -óm, -ā́ |
176 | black | |
177 | night | nóqs, nóqtes, néqtes (f.) |
178 | day | |
179 | year | |
180 | warm | |
181 | cold | |
182 | full | palnós, -óm, -ā́ |
183 | new | néwos, -om, -ā |
184 | old | sénos, -om, -ā |
185 | good | fedrós, -óm, -ā́ |
186 | bad | |
187 | rotten | |
188 | dirty | |
189 | straight | |
190 | round | |
191 | sharp | |
192 | dull | |
193 | smooth | |
194 | wet | |
195 | dry | |
196 | correct | |
197 | near | |
198 | far | |
199 | right | |
200 | left | |
201 | at | |
202 | in | |
203 | with | |
204 | and | |
205 | if | |
206 | because | |
207 | name | ənómə̃, ənémnes (n.) |