Contionary:hava
Jugsnorsk
Etymology
Inherited from Varhúsnorsk hava, from Old Norse hafa, from Proto-Germanic *habjaną
Pronunciation
- ("hav-" without vowel) [-ˈɑu̯, -ˈɒu̯]
- ("hava-", younger) [-ˈɑː]
Verb
hava (present hav- or 'v-, past havð-)
- (transitive) to have
- k'vu (< ęk havu) fǿðu
- I have food
- (transitive, copulative, with temporary qualities) to be
- k'vu sélā!
- I'm happy!
Usage notes
When used with an adjective, vaja expresses permanent qualities, whereas hava expresses temporary qualities.
Both vaja and hava take a nominative object when used as a copula.
hava is rarely seen in its full form, especially after vowels, you will most often encounter it without the initial ha-, in this form, the -v- is pronounced as [u] before consonants, as in 'vt [ut].
Inflection
| non-finites | active | mediopassive | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| infinitive | hava | havask | |||
| pr. part. | havaddi | havaddisk | |||
| pa. part. | havðj | havtsk | |||
| supine | havt | havtsk | |||
| indicative | present | past | present | past | |
| singular | havu | havðu | havusk | havðusk | |
| plural | havū | havðū | havūsk | havðūsk | |
| subjunctive | present | past | present | past | |
| singular | havi | havði | havisk | havðisk | |
| plural | havī | havðī | havīsk | havðīsk | |
| imperative | present | present | |||
| singular | hav | havsk | |||
| plural | havið | havitsk | |||
| non-finites | active | mediopassive | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| infinitive | 'vat | 'vaska | |||
| pr. part. | 'vaddit | 'vaddiska | |||
| pa. part. | 'vðjat | 'vtska | |||
| supine | 'vtat | 'vtska | |||
| indicative | present | past | present | past | |
| singular | 'vut | 'vðut | 'vuska | 'vðuska | |
| plural | 'vūt | 'vðūt | 'vūska | 'vðūska | |
| subjunctive | present | past | present | past | |
| singular | 'vit | 'vðit | 'viska | 'vðiska | |
| plural | 'vīt | 'vðīt | 'vīska | 'vðīska | |
| imperative | present | present | |||
| singular | 'vat | 'vska | |||
| plural | 'viðat | 'vitska | |||