Kola
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Kola (Native: ጅቆለ /d͡ʒɨkʼolə/, Latin script: Jïqolä) is a Bantu language spoken in Eritrea and the Tigray Region of Ethiopia.
Introduction
Phonology
Orthography
Consonants
| Labial | Alveolar | Retroflex | Palatal/ Postalveolar |
Velar | Pharyngeal | Glottal | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nasal | m | n | ɲ | ŋ | ||||
| Stop | ejective | pʼ | tʼ | (ʈʼ)1 | kʼ | |||
| aspirated | pʰ | tʰ | (ʈʰ)1 | kʰ | ʔ | |||
| voiced | b | d | (ɖ)1 | ɡ | ||||
| Affricate | ejective | t͡sʼ | t͡ʃʼ | |||||
| aspirated | t͡ʃʰ | |||||||
| voiced | d͡ʒ | |||||||
| Fricative | voiceless | f | s | (ʂ)1 | ʃ | χ | ħ | h |
| voiced | v | z | (ʐ)1 | (ʒ)2 | ʁ | ʕ | ||
| Approximant/Liquid | w | l | r | j | ||||
Notes:
1 The "retroflex" consonants /ʈʼ, ʈʰ, ɖ, ʂ, ʐ/ are not truly retroflex but rather apical alveolar or post-alveolar. They occur dialectally and correspond to standard /t͡ʃʼ, t͡ʃʰ, d͡ʒ, ʃ, d͡ʒ/ respectively.
2 The distinction between /d͡ʒ/ and /ʒ/ has been lost in the standard language (where they occur in free variation), but is still present in some dialects.