Aeranir: Difference between revisions
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*The sequences /ps/, /ks/, and /qs/ are written in the romanisation as ''ψ'', ''x'', and ''ξ'' respectively, to reflect native orthography. | *The sequences /ps/, /ks/, and /qs/ are written in the romanisation as ''ψ'', ''x'', and ''ξ'' respectively, to reflect native orthography. | ||
*The voiceless stops are aspirated alophonically in the onset of stressed syllables. | *The voiceless stops are aspirated alophonically in the onset of stressed syllables. | ||
*The nasal consonant /n/ assimilates to the place of articulation of the following stop, so that / | *The nasal consonant /n/ assimilates to the place of articulation of the following stop, so that /nkʰ/ or /nqʷʰ/ for example become /ŋkʰ/ and /ɴʷqʷʰ/. Before fricatives, /n/ is deleted, and the proceeding vowel is lengthened and nasalised. These processes apply between word boundries as well. Word final /n/ as part of case and personal markers is elided before a word starting with a vowel, fricative, approximate, or before a [[w:Pausa|pausa]]. | ||
*The phoneme /ɣ/ has the greatest variance of all Aeranid phonemes, varying between dialects and even between individual speakers from [ɰ~ɣ~ʁ~ʀ~ɢ~ʕ~ɦ~Ø]. It often served as a [[w:Shibboleth|shibboleth]] for discerning one's origins or social circles. | *The phoneme /ɣ/ has the greatest variance of all Aeranid phonemes, varying between dialects and even between individual speakers from [ɰ~ɣ~ʁ~ʀ~ɢ~ʕ~ɦ~Ø]. It often served as a [[w:Shibboleth|shibboleth]] for discerning one's origins or social circles. | ||
*The velar, labio-velar, and labio-uvular consonants / | *The velar, labio-velar, and labio-uvular consonants /kʰ/, /k/, /kʷʰ/, /kʷ/, and /qʷʰ/ are palatalised before front vowels and /j/ to [cʰ], [c], [kᶣʰ], [kᶣ], and [qᶣʰ] respectively. Futhermore, dental consonants /n/, /tʰ/, and /t/ are palatalised before /j/ to [ɲ], [cʰ], and [c]. The glottal fricative /h/ is also palatalised to [ç] before high front vowels and /j/. Some dialects also palatalise the postalveolar consonants /s̠/ and /ts̠ʰ/ to [ɕ] and [tɕʰ] before front vowels and /j/. In dialects were /ɣ/ is velar, it is often palatalised to [ʝ] in the same enviorments as the other velar consonants. | ||
*The labialised consonants / | *The labialised consonants /kʷʰ/, /kʷ/, and /qʷʰ/ are pronounced as truly labialised, rather than a sequence of two consonants, i.e. /kʰw/, /kw/, /qʰw/. The voiced labiovelar stop only occurs after a nasal consonant. | ||
*All consonants, with the exception of /ʋ/, can be geminated between vowels. This is denoted orthographically by doubling of the first letter of the phoneme, i.e. ⟨cc⟩, ⟨ff⟩, ⟨rrh⟩, etc. The palatal approximate /j/ is always geminated to [jː] between vowels, but is written with a simple ⟨i⟩. Fricative /hː/ is usually realised as [çː], however in dialects with uvular or pharyngeal articulation of /ɣ/, it is usually backed to match that articulation. In dialects that palatalise /s̠/ and / | *All consonants, with the exception of /ʋ/, can be geminated between vowels. This is denoted orthographically by doubling of the first letter of the phoneme, i.e. ⟨cc⟩, ⟨ff⟩, ⟨rrh⟩, etc. The palatal approximate /j/ is always geminated to [jː] between vowels, but is written with a simple ⟨i⟩. Fricative /hː/ is usually realised as [çː], however in dialects with uvular or pharyngeal articulation of /ɣ/, it is usually backed to match that articulation. In dialects that palatalise /s̠/ and /ts̠ʰ/, [çː] often becomes [ɕː], merging in some environments with /s̠ː/. | ||
*The lateral approximate /l/ has two allophones in Classical Aeranir; [l] before close front vowels, /j/, and when geminated, and [ɫ] elsewhere. | *The lateral approximate /l/ has two allophones in Classical Aeranir; [l] before close front vowels, /j/, and when geminated, and [ɫ] elsewhere. | ||
*The affricate / | *The affricate /ts̠ʰ/ is in most cases pronounced less retracted than fricative /s̠/, and may be closer to a purely alveolar [tsʰ]. | ||
===Vowels=== | ===Vowels=== | ||