Af Mexee/Verbs: Difference between revisions

 
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#Conjugation 4 (A, B, C): ''-at-'' (middle) verbs
#Conjugation 4 (A, B, C): ''-at-'' (middle) verbs
#Conjugation 5 (A, B): ''-p-'' (inchoative) verbs
#Conjugation 5 (A, B): ''-p-'' (inchoative) verbs
*'''Note:''' Affixes can be combined - e.g. ''cunsiismi'' "to be made to eat" (stem: ''cun-siis-(a)m-''), ''maghacaawsami'' "to be caused to name (to one's benefit)" (stem: ''maghac-aap-(i)s-a-(a)m-''). When any derivational affix is added to ''-ish-'' (or derivatives such as ''-siish-''), the ''-sh-'' always becomes ''-s-''. Affixes generally combine in the order -''oo/aa''- + -''p''- + -''(si)ish''- + -''at/o''- + -''(a)m''-.
*'''Note:''' Affixes can be combined - e.g. ''cunsiismi'' "to be made to eat" (stem: ''cun-siis-(a)m-''), ''maghacaawsami'' "to be caused to name (to one's benefit)" (stem: ''maghac-aap-(i)s-a-(a)m-''). When any derivational suffix is added to ''-ish-'' (or derivatives such as ''-siish-''), the ''-sh-'' always becomes ''-s-''. Affixes generally combine in the order -''oo/aa''- + -''p''- + -''(si)ish''- + -''at/o''- + -''(a)m''-.


====Conjugation 1====
====Conjugation 1====
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====Conjugation 3A====
====Conjugation 3A====
Verbs derived from root verbs with the causisive affix ''-ish-''. The ''sh'' combines with ''t'' and ''n'' to form ''s'' and ''n'' respectively. e.g. ''karín'' "to cook" (stem: ''kar-ish-'').
Verbs derived from root verbs with the causative affix ''-ish-'' - e.g. ''karín'' "to cook" (stem: ''kar-ish-''). The ''sh'' combines with ''t'' and ''n'' to form ''s'' and ''nn'' respectively.
{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
|+ Class I Conjugation 3A
|+ Class I Conjugation 3A
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| <center>3SF</center> || <center>''-isa''</center> || <center>''kar<b>isa</b>''</center>|| <center>''-isó''</center> || <center>''kar<b>isó</b>''</center>|| <center>''-isi''</center> || <center>''kar<b>isi</b>''</center>
| <center>3SF</center> || <center>''-isa''</center> || <center>''kar<b>isa</b>''</center>|| <center>''-isó''</center> || <center>''kar<b>isó</b>''</center>|| <center>''-isi''</center> || <center>''kar<b>isi</b>''</center>
|-
|-
| <center>1P</center> || <center>''-ina''</center> || <center>''kar<b>ina</b>''</center>|| <center> ''-inó''</center> || <center>''kar<b>inó</b>''</center>|| <center>''-ini''</center> || <center>''kar<b>ini</b>''</center>
| <center>1P</center> || <center>''-inna''</center> || <center>''kar<b>inna</b>''</center>|| <center> ''-innó''</center> || <center>''kar<b>innó</b>''</center>|| <center>''-inni''</center> || <center>''kar<b>inni</b>''</center>
|-
|-
| <center>2P</center> || <center>''-isíin''</center> || <center>''kar<b>isíin</b>''</center>||<center> ''-isíin''</center> || <center>''kar<b>isíin</b>''</center>|| <center>''-iséen''</center> || <center>''kar<b>iséen</b>''</center>|| <center>''–ísha/-́sha''</center>||  <center>''kar<b>ísha</b>/kár<b>sha</b>''</center>||<center>''-inína''</center> || <center>''kar<b>inína</b>''</center>
| <center>2P</center> || <center>''-isíin''</center> || <center>''kar<b>isíin</b>''</center>||<center> ''-isíin''</center> || <center>''kar<b>isíin</b>''</center>|| <center>''-iséen''</center> || <center>''kar<b>iséen</b>''</center>|| <center>''–ísha/-́sha''</center>||  <center>''kar<b>ísha</b>/kár<b>sha</b>''</center>||<center>''-inína''</center> || <center>''kar<b>inína</b>''</center>
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!  !! colspan="2" | Present Affirmative !! colspan="2" | Present Subjunctive !! colspan="2" | Past Affirmative !! colspan="2" | Past Negative !! colspan="2" | Imperative Affirmative !! colspan="2" | Imperative Negative
!  !! colspan="2" | Present Affirmative !! colspan="2" | Present Subjunctive !! colspan="2" | Past Affirmative !! colspan="2" | Past Negative !! colspan="2" | Imperative Affirmative !! colspan="2" | Imperative Negative
|-
|-
| <center>1S</center> || <center>''-siisha''</center> || <center>''gaar<b>siisha</b>''</center>|| <center>''-siishó''</center> || <center>''gaar<b>siishó</b>''</center>|| <center>''-siishi''</center> || <center>''gaar<b>siishi</b>''</center>|| rowspan="7" | <center>''-siinín''</center> || rowspan="7" | <center>''gaar<b>siiinín</b>''</center>|| colspan="4"  style="background: gray" |
| <center>1S</center> || <center>''-siisha''</center> || <center>''gaar<b>siisha</b>''</center>|| <center>''-siishó''</center> || <center>''gaar<b>siishó</b>''</center>|| <center>''-siishi''</center> || <center>''gaar<b>siishi</b>''</center>|| rowspan="7" | <center>''-siinín''</center> || rowspan="7" | <center>''gaar<b>siinín</b>''</center>|| colspan="4"  style="background: gray" |
|-
|-
| <center>2S</center> || <center>''-siisa''</center> || <center>''gaar<b>siisa</b>''</center>|| <center>''-siisó''</center> ||  <center>''gaar<b>siisó</b>''</center>||<center>''-siisi''</center> || <center>''gaar<b>siisi</b>''</center>|| <center>''–síish''</center> || <center>''gaar<b>síish</b>''</center>|| <center>''–síinin''</center> || <center>''gaar<b>siínin</b>''</center>
| <center>2S</center> || <center>''-siisa''</center> || <center>''gaar<b>siisa</b>''</center>|| <center>''-siisó''</center> ||  <center>''gaar<b>siisó</b>''</center>||<center>''-siisi''</center> || <center>''gaar<b>siisi</b>''</center>|| <center>''–síish''</center> || <center>''gaar<b>síish</b>''</center>|| <center>''–síinin''</center> || <center>''gaar<b>siínin</b>''</center>
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| <center>3SF</center> || <center>''-siisa''</center> || <center>''gaar<b>siisa</b>''</center>|| <center>''-siisó''</center> || <center>''gaar<b>siisó</b>''</center>|| <center>''-siisi''</center> || <center>''gaar<b>siisi</b>''</center>
| <center>3SF</center> || <center>''-siisa''</center> || <center>''gaar<b>siisa</b>''</center>|| <center>''-siisó''</center> || <center>''gaar<b>siisó</b>''</center>|| <center>''-siisi''</center> || <center>''gaar<b>siisi</b>''</center>
|-
|-
| <center>1P</center> || <center>''-siina''</center> || <center>''gaar<b>siina</b>''</center>|| <center> ''-siinó''</center> || <center>''gaar<b>siinó</b>''</center>|| <center>''-siini''</center> || <center>''gaar<b>siini</b>''</center>
| <center>1P</center> || <center>''-siinna''</center> || <center>''gaar<b>siinna</b>''</center>|| <center> ''-siinnó''</center> || <center>''gaar<b>siinnó</b>''</center>|| <center>''-siinni''</center> || <center>''gaar<b>siinni</b>''</center>
|-
|-
| <center>2P</center> || <center>''-siisíin''</center> || <center>''gaar<b>siisíin</b>''</center>||<center> ''-siisíin''</center> || <center>''gaar<b>siisíin</b>''</center>|| <center>''-siiséen''</center> || <center>''gaar<b>siiséen</b>''</center>|| <center>''–siísha''</center>||  <center>''gaar<b>siísha</b>''</center>||<center>''-siinína''</center> || <center>''gaar<b>siinína</b>''</center>
| <center>2P</center> || <center>''-siisíin''</center> || <center>''gaar<b>siisíin</b>''</center>||<center> ''-siisíin''</center> || <center>''gaar<b>siisíin</b>''</center>|| <center>''-siiséen''</center> || <center>''gaar<b>siiséen</b>''</center>|| <center>''–siísha''</center>||  <center>''gaar<b>siísha</b>''</center>||<center>''-siinína''</center> || <center>''gaar<b>siinína</b>''</center>
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====Conjugation 3C====
====Conjugation 3C====
Verbs derived from nouns/adjectives with the causative affix ''-aash-'' (from ''-aa- + -(i)sh-''). e.g. ''bishaayn'' "to water, pour water (in/on)".
Verbs derived from nouns/adjectives with the causative affix ''-aaysh-'' (from ''-aa- + -(i)sh-''). e.g. ''bishaayn'' "to water, pour water (in/on)".
{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
|+ Class I Conjugation 3C
|+ Class I Conjugation 3C
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! colspan="5" | Infinitive || colspan="4" style="background: none" | <center><span style="font-weight:normal">''-aaýn''</span></center> || colspan="4" style="background: none" | <center><span style="font-weight:normal">''bish<b>aaýn</b>''</span></center>
! colspan="5" | Infinitive || colspan="4" style="background: none" | <center><span style="font-weight:normal">''-aaýn''</span></center> || colspan="4" style="background: none" | <center><span style="font-weight:normal">''bish<b>aaýn</b>''</span></center>
|-
|-
! colspan="5" | Verbal Noun (''f.'') || colspan="4" style="background: none" | <center><span style="font-weight:normal">''-aás'' </span></center> || colspan="4" style="background: none" | <center><span style="font-weight:normal">''bish<b>aás</b>''</span></center>
! colspan="5" | Verbal Noun (''f.'') || colspan="4" style="background: none" | <center><span style="font-weight:normal">''-aaýs'' </span></center> || colspan="4" style="background: none" | <center><span style="font-weight:normal">''bish<b>aaýs</b>''</span></center>
|-
|-
!  !! colspan="2" | Present Affirmative !! colspan="2" | Present Subjunctive !! colspan="2" | Past Affirmative !! colspan="2" | Past Negative !! colspan="2" | Imperative Affirmative !! colspan="2" | Imperative Negative
!  !! colspan="2" | Present Affirmative !! colspan="2" | Present Subjunctive !! colspan="2" | Past Affirmative !! colspan="2" | Past Negative !! colspan="2" | Imperative Affirmative !! colspan="2" | Imperative Negative
|-
|-
| <center>1S</center> || <center>''-aasha''</center> || <center>''bish<b>aasha</b>''</center>|| <center>''-aashó''</center> || <center>''bish<b>aashó</b>''</center>|| <center>''-aashi''</center> || <center>''bish<b>aashi</b>''</center>|| rowspan="7" | <center>''-aaynín''</center> || rowspan="7" | <center>''bish<b>aaynín</b>''</center>|| colspan="4"  style="background: gray" |
| <center>1S</center> || <center>''-aaysha''</center> || <center>''bish<b>aaysha</b>''</center>|| <center>''-aayshó''</center> || <center>''bish<b>aayshó</b>''</center>|| <center>''-aayshi''</center> || <center>''bish<b>aayshi</b>''</center>|| rowspan="7" | <center>''-aaynín''</center> || rowspan="7" | <center>''bish<b>aaynín</b>''</center>|| colspan="4"  style="background: gray" |
|-
|-
| <center>2S</center> || <center>''-aasa''</center> || <center>''bish<b>aasa</b>''</center>|| <center>''-aasó''</center> ||  <center>''bish<b>aasó</b>''</center>||<center>''-aasi''</center> || <center>''bish<b>aasi</b>''</center>|| <center>''ˊ–aash''</center> || <center>''bish<b>áash</b>''</center>|| <center>''–aaýnin''</center> || <center>''bish<b>aaýnin</b>''</center>
| <center>2S</center> || <center>''-aaysa''</center> || <center>''bish<b>aaysa</b>''</center>|| <center>''-aaysó''</center> ||  <center>''bish<b>aaysó</b>''</center>||<center>''-aaysi''</center> || <center>''bish<b>aaysi</b>''</center>|| <center>''ˊ–aaysh''</center> || <center>''bish<b>áash</b>''</center>|| <center>''–aaýnin''</center> || <center>''bish<b>aaýnin</b>''</center>
|-
|-
| <center>3SM</center> || <center>''-aasha''</center> || <center>''bish<b>aasha</b>''</center>|| <center>''-aashó''</center> || <center>''bish<b>aashó</b>''</center>|| <center>''-aashi''</center> || <center>''bish<b>aashi</b>''</center>|| colspan="4" rowspan="3" style="background: gray" |  
| <center>3SM</center> || <center>''-aaysha''</center> || <center>''bish<b>aaysha</b>''</center>|| <center>''-aayshó''</center> || <center>''bish<b>aayshó</b>''</center>|| <center>''-aayshi''</center> || <center>''bish<b>aayshi</b>''</center>|| colspan="4" rowspan="3" style="background: gray" |  
|-
|-
| <center>3SF</center> || <center>''-aasa''</center> || <center>''bish<b>aasa</b>''</center>|| <center>''-aasó''</center> || <center>''bish<b>aasó</b>''</center>|| <center>''-aasi''</center> || <center>''bish<b>aasi</b>''</center>
| <center>3SF</center> || <center>''-aaysa''</center> || <center>''bish<b>aaysa</b>''</center>|| <center>''-aaysó''</center> || <center>''bish<b>aaysó</b>''</center>|| <center>''-aaysi''</center> || <center>''bish<b>aaysi</b>''</center>
|-
|-
| <center>1P</center> || <center>''-aayna''</center> || <center>''bish<b>aayna</b>''</center>|| <center> ''-aaynó''</center> || <center>''bish<b>aaynó</b>''</center>|| <center>''-aayni''</center> || <center>''bish<b>aayni</b>''</center>
| <center>1P</center> || <center>''-aaynna''</center> || <center>''bish<b>aaynna</b>''</center>|| <center> ''-aaynnó''</center> || <center>''bish<b>aaynnó</b>''</center>|| <center>''-aaynni''</center> || <center>''bish<b>aaynni</b>''</center>
|-
|-
| <center>2P</center> || <center>''-aasíin''</center> || <center>''bish<b>aasíin</b>''</center>||<center> ''-aasíin''</center> || <center>''bish<b>aasíin</b>''</center>|| <center>''-aaséen''</center> || <center>''bish<b>aaséen</b>''</center>|| <center>''–aásha''</center>||  <center>''bish<b>aásha</b>''</center>||<center>''-aaynína''</center> || <center>''bish<b>aaynína</b>''</center>
| <center>2P</center> || <center>''-aaysíin''</center> || <center>''bish<b>aaysíin</b>''</center>||<center> ''-aaysíin''</center> || <center>''bish<b>aaysíin</b>''</center>|| <center>''-aayséen''</center> || <center>''bish<b>aayséen</b>''</center>|| <center>''–aaýsha''</center>||  <center>''bish<b>aaýsha</b>''</center>||<center>''-aaynína''</center> || <center>''bish<b>aaynína</b>''</center>
|-
|-
| <center>3P</center> || <center>''-aasháan''</center> || <center>''bish<b>aasháan</b>''</center>|| <center>''-aasháan''</center> || <center>''bish<b>aasháan</b>''</center>|| <center>''-aashéen''</center> || <center>''bish<b>aashéen</b>''</center>|| colspan="4" style="background: gray" |
| <center>3P</center> || <center>''-aaysháan''</center> || <center>''bish<b>aaysháan</b>''</center>|| <center>''-aaysháan''</center> || <center>''bish<b>aaysháan</b>''</center>|| <center>''-aayshéen''</center> || <center>''bish<b>aayshéen</b>''</center>|| colspan="4" style="background: gray" |
|}
|}


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| <center>3SF</center> || <center>''-oota''</center> || <center>''car<b>oota</b>''</center>|| <center>''-ootó''</center> || <center>''car<b>ootó</b>''</center>|| <center>''-ooti''</center> || <center>''car<b>ooti</b>''</center>
| <center>3SF</center> || <center>''-oota''</center> || <center>''car<b>oota</b>''</center>|| <center>''-ootó''</center> || <center>''car<b>ootó</b>''</center>|| <center>''-ooti''</center> || <center>''car<b>ooti</b>''</center>
|-
|-
| <center>1P</center> || <center>''-oona''</center> || <center>''car<b>oona</b>''</center>|| <center> ''-oonó''</center> || <center>''car<b>oonó</b>''</center>|| <center>''-ooni''</center> || <center>''car<b>ooni</b>''</center>
| <center>1P</center> || <center>''-oonna''</center> || <center>''car<b>oonna</b>''</center>|| <center> ''-oonnó''</center> || <center>''car<b>oonnó</b>''</center>|| <center>''-oonni''</center> || <center>''car<b>oonni</b>''</center>
|-
|-
| <center>2P</center> || <center>''-ootíin''</center> || <center>''car<b>ootíin</b>''</center>||<center> ''-ootíin''</center> || <center>''car<b>ootíin</b>''</center>|| <center>''-ootéen''</center> || <center>''car<b>ootéen</b>''</center>|| <center>''–oótha''</center>||  <center>''car<b>oótha</b>''</center>||<center>''-oonína''</center> || <center>''car<b>oonína</b>''</center>
| <center>2P</center> || <center>''-ootíin''</center> || <center>''car<b>ootíin</b>''</center>||<center> ''-ootíin''</center> || <center>''car<b>ootíin</b>''</center>|| <center>''-ootéen''</center> || <center>''car<b>ootéen</b>''</center>|| <center>''–oótha''</center>||  <center>''car<b>oótha</b>''</center>||<center>''-oonína''</center> || <center>''car<b>oonína</b>''</center>
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===Class II: Prefix Conjugation===
===Class II: Prefix Conjugation===
The prefix conjugation is a small, closed class of verbs that conjugate by means of prefixes and vowel changes. It includes the verbs ''aqoon'' "to know", ''ool'' "to be available", ''oran'' "to say/tell", and ''iman'' "to come". They have various forms due to analogy with each other and the suffix conjugation.
The prefix conjugation is a small, closed class of verbs that conjugate by means of prefixes and vowel changes. It includes the verbs ''aqoon'' "to know", ''ool'' "to be available", ''oran'' "to say/tell", and ''iman'' "to come". They have various forms due to analogy with each other and the suffix conjugation. The tables below show oossible two paradigms for each verb.


{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
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| <center>1P</center> || <center>''eé<b>na</b>''</center> ||  <center>''níh<b>in</b>''</center>||<center>''nih<b>ín</b>''</center> || <center>''ah<b>aayni</b>''</center>  
| <center>1P</center> || <center>''eé<b>na</b>''</center> ||  <center>''níh<b>in</b>''</center>||<center>''nih<b>ín</b>''</center> || <center>''ah<b>aayni</b>''</center>  
|-
|-
| <center>2P</center> || <center>''eé<b>thíin</b>''</center>|| <center>''tih<b>(ith)íin</b>''</center> || <center>''tih<b>(ith)íin</b>''</center>||<center>''ah<b>aaytéen</b>''</center> || <center>''ah<b>aátha</b>''</center> || <center>''ah<b>aanína</b>''</center>
| <center>2P</center> || <center>''eé<b>thíin</b>''</center>|| <center>''tíh<b>ithíin</b>''</center> || <center>''tih<b>ithíin</b>''</center>||<center>''ah<b>aaytéen</b>''</center> || <center>''ah<b>aátha</b>''</center> || <center>''ah<b>aanína</b>''</center>
|-
|-
| <center>3P</center> || <center>''eé<b>yíin</b>''</center>||<center>''ah<b>áan</b>''</center>|| <center>''ah<b>áan</b>''</center> || <center>''ah<b>aayéen</b>''</center> || colspan="4" rowspan="3" style="background: gray" |  
| <center>3P</center> || <center>''eé<b>yíin</b>''</center>||<center>''yíh<b>íin</b>''</center>|| <center>''yih<b>íin</b>''</center> || <center>''ah<b>aayéen</b>''</center> || colspan="4" rowspan="3" style="background: gray" |  
|}
|}


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{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
|+ Class III: cas
|+ Class III: ''cas''
|-
|-
! colspan="5" | Infinitive || colspan="5" style="background: none" | <center><span style="font-weight:normal">''-aán''</span></center> || colspan="5" style="background: none" | <center><span style="font-weight:normal">''cas<b>aán</b>''</span></center>
! colspan="5" | Infinitive || colspan="5" style="background: none" | <center><span style="font-weight:normal">''-aán''</span></center> || colspan="5" style="background: none" | <center><span style="font-weight:normal">''cas<b>aán</b>''</span></center>
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| <center>1P</center> ||  <center>''-́na''</center>||  <center>''cás<b>na</b>''</center> || <center>''-́in''</center> || <center>''cás<b>in</b>''</center>|| <center> ''-ín''</center> || <center>''cas<b>ín</b>''</center>|| <center>''-aayni''</center> || <center>''cas<b>aayni</b>''</center>
| <center>1P</center> ||  <center>''-́na''</center>||  <center>''cás<b>na</b>''</center> || <center>''-́in''</center> || <center>''cás<b>in</b>''</center>|| <center> ''-ín''</center> || <center>''cas<b>ín</b>''</center>|| <center>''-aayni''</center> || <center>''cas<b>aayni</b>''</center>
|-
|-
| <center>2P</center> ||  <center>''-́tíin''</center>||  <center>''cás<b>tíin</b>''</center> || <center>''-́(ith)íin''</center> || <center>''cás<b>(ith)íin</b>''</center>||<center> ''-(ith)íin''</center> || <center>''cas<b>(ith)íin</b>''</center>|| <center>''-aaytéen''</center> || <center>''cas<b>aaytéen</b>''</center>|| <center>''–aátha''</center>||  <center>''cas<b>aátha</b>''</center>||<center>''-aanína''</center> || <center>''cas<b>aanína</b>''</center>
| <center>2P</center> ||  <center>''-́tíin''</center>||  <center>''cás<b>tíin</b>''</center> || <center>''-́ithíin''</center> || <center>''cás<b>ithíin</b>''</center>||<center> ''-ithíin''</center> || <center>''cas<b>ithíin</b>''</center>|| <center>''-aaytéen''</center> || <center>''cas<b>aaytéen</b>''</center>|| <center>''–aátha''</center>||  <center>''cas<b>aátha</b>''</center>||<center>''-aanína''</center> || <center>''cas<b>aanína</b>''</center>
|-
|-
| <center>3P</center> ||  <center>''-́yíin''</center>||  <center>''cás<b>yíin</b>''</center>  || <center>''-́áan''</center> || <center>''cás<b>áan</b>''</center>|| <center>''-áan''</center> || <center>''cas<b>áan</b>''</center>|| <center>''-aayéen''</center> || <center>''cas<b>aayéen</b>''</center>|| colspan="4" style="background: gray" |
| <center>3P</center> ||  <center>''-́yíin''</center>||  <center>''cás<b>yíin</b>''</center>  || <center>''-́íin''</center> || <center>''cás<b>íin</b>''</center>|| <center>''-íin''</center> || <center>''cas<b>íin</b>''</center>|| <center>''-aayéen''</center> || <center>''cas<b>aayéen</b>''</center>|| colspan="4" style="background: gray" |
|}
|}


==Tense, Aspect, Mood, and Voice==
==Tense, Aspect, Mood, and Voice==
'''Notes:'''  
'''Notes:'''  
*Impersonal passive (with ''la'') is used as the regular passive as well as pseudo-passive.
*Impersonal passive (with ''la'') is used as the regular passive as well as pseudo-passive - e.g. ''la i arki'' "I was seen", ''la jiifa'' "(someone) is sleeping".
*Subjunctive forms can be used adjectivally. In this usage, gender and number marking is optional (hence why adjectives need not be marked for plurality).
*Subjunctive forms can be used adjectivally. In this usage, gender and number marking is optional (hence why adjectives need not be marked for plurality).
===Simple Forms===
===Simple Forms===
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**Affirmative: "Past Affirmative" with final high tone - e.g. ''nin taghí'' "a man who went"
**Affirmative: "Past Affirmative" with final high tone - e.g. ''nin taghí'' "a man who went"
**Negative: (''an'') + "Past Negative" - e.g. ''nin an taghín'' "a man who did not go" (note that this is identical to the present equivalent; for d=isambiguation, a compound form may be used instead)
**Negative: (''an'') + "Past Negative" - e.g. ''nin an taghín'' "a man who did not go" (note that this is identical to the present equivalent; for d=isambiguation, a compound form may be used instead)
====Jussive====
====Jussive====
*Affirmative:
*Affirmative:
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[[Category:Af Mexee]]
[[Category:Af Mexee]]
[[Category:Languages]]
[[Category:Languages]]
[[Category:Afroasiatic languages]]
[[Category:Cushitic languages]]
[[Category:Cushitic languages]]
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