Alvinian
| Alvinian | |
|---|---|
| Алвини Език, Alvini Ezik | |
| Created by | AlbertVen |
Indo-European
| |
Introduction
Alvinian (Алвини Език, Alvini Ezik) is a Southern Slavic language based on Old Slovene, which has been significantly influenced by Venetan, an Italo-Romance language spoken in North-Eastern Italy, and other Slavic languages, especially Serbian and Russian.
Alphabet
Alvinian uses both Cyrillic and Latin script. The alphabets have an equal status, although latin is usually preferred in informal texts, while cyrillic is normally used in normative, scientific and official texts.
| Cyrillic | Latin | IPA value |
|---|---|---|
| А а | A a | /a/ |
| Б б | B b | /b/ |
| В в | V v | /v/ |
| Г г | G g | /ɡ/ |
| Д д | D d | /d/ |
| Џ џ | Đ đ | /dʑ/ |
| Е е | E e | /ɛ/ /e/ |
| Ж ж | Ž ž | /ʐ/ |
| З з | Z z | /z/ |
| И и | I i | /i/ |
| Ј ј | J j | /ʝ/ |
| К к | K k | /k/ |
| Л л | L l | /l/ |
| М м | M m | /m/ |
| Н н | N n | /n/ |
| О о | O o | /ɔ/ /о/ |
| П п | P p | /p/ |
| Р р | R r | /ɾ/ |
| С с | S s | /s/ |
| Т т | T t | /t/ |
| У у | U u | /u/ |
| Ф ф | F f | /f/ |
| Х х | H h | /x/ |
| Ц ц | C c | /ts/ |
| Ч ч | Č č | /tɕ/ |
| Ш ш | Š š | /ʂ/ |
| Я я | Ą ą | /ɔ̃/ |
Morphology
Nouns
Alvinian inflects nouns for number (singular, dual, plural), gender (masculine, feminine, neuter) and case (nominative, genitive, accusative, dative). The declensions are divided into masculine, feminine and neuter.
| Masculine - Ušnik (Student) | Singular | Dual | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | Ušnik | Ušnika | Ušniki |
| Genitive | Ušnika | Ušnika | Ušnikov |
| Accusative | Ušnik | Ušnika | Ušnike |
| Dative | Ušniku | Ušnikam | Ušnikima |
| Feminine - Niga (Book) | Singular | Dual | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | Niga | Nigi | Nige |
| Genitive | Nige | Nigi | Nig |
| Accusative | Nigu | Nigi | Nige |
| Dative | Nigi | Nigam | Nigima |
| Neuter - Revo (Tree) | Singular | Dual | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | Revo | Revi | Revą |
| Genitive | Reva | Revi | Rev |
| Accusative | Revo | Revi | Revą |
| Dative | Revu | Revam | Revima |
Personal Pronouns
Alvinian personal pronouns are inflected for number (singular, dual, plural), person, case (nominative, genitive, accusative, dative) and the 3rd persons are inflected also for gender (masculine/neuter, feminine).
| 1S | 2S | 3S m,n | 3S f | 1D | 2D | 3D | 1P | 2P | 3P m, f, n | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nom | Mi | Ti | El, Elo | Ela | Naj | Vaj | Laj | Ni | Vi | Eli, Ele, Elą |
| Gen | Meg | Teg | Neg | Ne | Nas | Vas | Las | Nih | Vih | Lih |
| Acc | Men | Ten | Nen | Nu | Nas | Vas | Las | Nih | Vih | Lih |
| Dat | Mom | Tom | Nem | Nom | Nama | Vama | Lima | Nam | Vam | Lim |
Verbs
Subject Clitics
Alvinian doesn't have any agreement morphology realised on the verb, that's why it developed a second serie of subject pronouns, which are clitic elements derived from full personal pronouns. These elements function only as markers of the agreement with the subject, and they are obligatorily realised in a sentence with a verb. These subject clitics follow the Wackernagel law: because of their weak phonological nature, they always have to be found in the second phonological position in the sentence. Subject Clitics are not inflected for case, since they always encode the relation of agreement with the subject, but they inflect for person, number (singular, dual, plural) and the 3rd persons are also inflected for gender (masculine, feminine, neuter).
| 1S | 2S | 3Sm | 3Sf | 3Sn | 1D | 2D | 3D | 1P | 2P | 3Pm | 3Pf | 3Pn |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Me | Te | El | La | Lo | Na | Va | La | Ne | Ve | Li | Le | Lą |