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Anbirese: Difference between revisions
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*/pʲ bʲ fʲ vʲ mʲ/ | */pʲ bʲ fʲ vʲ mʲ/ | ||
*/s ɕ ɧ h/ | */s ɕ ɧ h/ | ||
*/ɾ ɾʲ ɹ j ɴ̆ | */ɾ ɾʲ ɹ j ɴ̆ w/ | ||
Anbirese has phonetic palatalization, indicated by writing ''Cj''. Anbirese makes a distinction between palatalized consonants (written ''Cj'') and iotated consonants (written ''Clj''): e.g. ''mjeg'' /mʲeg/ = to cover; ''mljeg'' /mjeg/ = to sell. | Anbirese has phonetic palatalization, indicated by writing ''Cj''. Anbirese makes a distinction between palatalized consonants (written ''Cj'') and iotated consonants (written ''Clj''): e.g. ''mjeg'' /mʲeg/ = to cover; ''mljeg'' /mjeg/ = to sell. | ||
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===Vowels=== | ===Vowels=== | ||
''' | Anbirese has 7 vowel phonemes. ''eu'' /ɨ/ may be treated as a hard counterpart of ''i'' /i/. | ||
''eo'' is /ə/ when unstressed. | {| border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="text-align:center;" | ||
|- | |||
! rowspan="2" | | |||
! colspan="2" |Front | |||
! rowspan="2" |Central | |||
! rowspan="2" |Back | |||
|- | |||
! style="width: 45px; " |<small>unrounded</small> | |||
! style="width: 45px; " |<small>rounded</small> | |||
|- | |||
! style="" |Close | |||
| '''i''' /i/ | |||
| '''u''' /ü/ | |||
| '''eu''' [ɨ] | |||
| '''o''' /o~u/ | |||
|- | |||
! style="" |Mid | |||
| '''e''' /e~ɛ/ | |||
| '''oe''' /ø~œ/ | |||
| '''eo''' [ə] | |||
| '''eo''' /ʌ~ɔ/ | |||
|- | |||
! style="" |Open | |||
| | |||
| | |||
| '''a''' /ɐ/ | |||
| | |||
|} | |||
'''eo''' is /ə/ when unstressed. | |||
===Stress=== | ===Stress=== | ||
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**with ''nae'' 'by', indicates that the verb's action serves a reason or purpose clause: "by VERBing" or "because of VERBing" | **with ''nae'' 'by', indicates that the verb's action serves a reason or purpose clause: "by VERBing" or "because of VERBing" | ||
**with ''ok'' 'from', indicates being "beyond VERBing, or preventing from VERBing", or when possessed, "beyond the POSSESSOR's VERBing" | **with ''ok'' 'from', indicates being "beyond VERBing, or preventing from VERBing", or when possessed, "beyond the POSSESSOR's VERBing" | ||
***''Lae mi kai ok neo soela djeo | ***''Lae mi kai ok neo soela djeo doreuk χjang.'' (be.PRES this much from my do.VN in try one) = This is too much for me to do all at once. | ||
**with the accusative marker ''ljeo'', indicates a complement clause. There are two possible syntaxes for the ''ljeo''-complement clause: | **with the accusative marker ''ljeo'', indicates a complement clause. There are two possible syntaxes for the ''ljeo''-complement clause: | ||
***''ljeo'' + SUBJECT + ''seo/s'' + VERB-''a'' | ***''ljeo'' + SUBJECT + ''seo/s'' + VERB-''a'' | ||
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===Numerals=== | ===Numerals=== | ||
====Cardinal==== | ====Cardinal==== | ||
1-10 = | 1-10 = χjang, θjeodeor, nask, tob, solj, stang, rvaz, laz, paerp, ngjor | ||
11, 12, ... = jagjeong, χnae, nask ljang ngjor, tob ljang ngjor, etc. | 11, 12, ... = jagjeong, χnae, nask ljang ngjor, tob ljang ngjor, etc. | ||