Bźatga: Difference between revisions

Bźatga (view source)

Revision as of 13:13, 12 December 2016

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→‎Pronouns

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 ===Pronouns===
 ====Personal====
-Personal pronouns distinguish three persons in the singular and plural. Unlike some other languages, Bźatga does not distinguish gender in the third person singular, so ''e'' means "he, she, it". Both singular and plural have Nominative-Accusative and Oblique forms as well as a genitive used as a possessive adjective.
+Personal pronouns distinguish three persons in the singular and plural. Unlike some other languages, Bźatga does not distinguish gender in the third person singular, so ''e'' means "he, she, it". Both singular and plural have a Nominative-Accusative and separate Dative and Genitive forms.
 {| border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" class="bluetable lightbluebg" text-align:center;"
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 |-
 ! style="width: 120px; " align="center"| Nom.-Acc.
-! style="width: 120px; " align="center"| Oblique
+! style="width: 120px; " align="center"| Dative
-! style="width: 120px; " align="center"| Gentitive
+! style="width: 120px; " align="center"| Genitive
 ! style="width: 120px; " align="center"| Nom.-Acc.
 ! style="width: 120px; " align="center"| Oblique
-! style="width: 120px; " align="center"| Genitive
+! style="width: 120px; " align="center"| Dative
 |-
 ! align="center" style="width: 50px;"| 1
@@ Line 640: / Line 640: @@
 |}
-The NA pronouns are used as subject and direct object of the verb. As subject, they are really suffixes which attach to the verb directly. The 3rd person ''e'' is not added to verbs, which generally end in a vowel, so for example, ''carde'' implicitly means "he/she/it loves" unless another subject is stated. As direct object, the pronouns precede the verb directly, e.g. ''e cardemi'' "I love him", ''Maĺgų tu vełse'' "Maĺgų saw you".
+The NA pronouns are used as subject and direct object of the verb. As subject, they are really suffixes which attach to the verb directly. The 3rd person ''e'' is not added to verbs, which generally end in a vowel, so for example, ''carde'' implicitly means "he/she/it loves" unless another subject is stated. As direct object, the pronouns precede the verb directly, e.g. ''e cardemi'' "I love him", ''Maĺgu tu vełse'' "Maĺgu saw you".
-The Oblique forms are used following prepositions, e.g. ''cate ju'' "with him/her/it", ''a zna'' "from us".
+The Dative forms are used following prepositions, e.g. ''cate ju'' "with him/her/it", ''a zna'' "from us".
 The Genitive pronouns are used as possessive adjectives, preceding the noun as in English, e.g. ''jara aģi'' "their father", ''ta teje'' "your house".
@@ Line 652: / Line 652: @@
 ! rowspan="2;" |
 ! colspan="2;" align="center" | Singular
-! rowspan="2;" style="width: 120px;"  align="center" | Plural
+! colspan="2;" align="center" | Plural
 |-
 ! style="width: 120px; " align="center"| Nom.-Acc.
-! style="width: 120px; " align="center"| Oblique
+! style="width: 120px; " align="center"| Gen.-Dat.
+! style="width: 120px; " align="center"| Nom.-Acc.
+! style="width: 120px; " align="center"| Gen.-Dat.
 |-
 ! align="center" style="width: 100px;"| "this" a)
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 | align="center"| ''sodu''
 | align="center"| ''soẑi''
+| align="center"| ''sodva''
 |-
 ! align="center" | "this" b)
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 | align="center"| ''sidu''
 | align="center"| ''siẑi''
+| align="center"| ''sidva''
 |-
 ! align="center" | "that" a)
@@ Line 671: / Line 675: @@
 | align="center"| ''sou''
 | align="center"| ''soi''
+| align="center"| ''sova''
 |-
 ! align="center" | "that" b)
@@ Line 676: / Line 681: @@
 | align="center"| ''seu''
 | align="center"| ''sei''
+| align="center"| ''seva''
 |}
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 ====Interrogative====
-The interrogative pronouns are ''će'' "who", used for humans, deities and sometimes animals, and ''cêt'' "what", used for inanimates and abstracts. These are not declined for case or number. When the pronoun is the object of the sentence, the verb must be in the passive and the subject follows in the oblique e.g. ''cêt zlaźsore Vervosu'' "what did Vervosa kill?" (lit. "what was killed by Vervosa?"), but ''će Citvena vełsa?'' "who saw Citvena?".
+The interrogative pronouns are ''će'' "who", used for humans, deities and sometimes animals, and ''cêt'' "what", used for inanimates and abstracts. These are not declined for case or number. When the pronoun is the object of the sentence, the verb must be in the passive and the subject follows in the Gen.-Dat. e.g. ''cêt zlaźsore Vervosu'' "what did Vervosa kill?" (lit. "what was killed by Vervosa?"), but ''će Citvena vełsa?'' "who saw Citvena?".
 The interrogative adverbs are:
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 ====Indefinite====
 The indefinite pronouns include:
-* ''cauga'' "everyone, everything"
+* ''caga'' "everyone, everything"
-* ''neuga'' "someone, something, anyone, anything"
+* ''nega'' "someone, something, anyone, anything"
 * ''oĺazda'' "all"
-All these decline like first declension nouns. The first two may be used adjectivally, preceding a noun with which they agree in case and number, e.g. ''ca caugu veru'' "to every man". The adjectival form of ''oĺazda'' is ''oĺa'' "all, every, whole" which must precede a definite noun (unless abstract), e.g. ''oĺi eugiẑi'' "all the horses".
+All these decline like first declension nouns. The first two may be used adjectivally, preceding a noun with which they agree in case and number, e.g. ''ca cagu veru'' "to every man". The adjectival form of ''oĺazda'' is ''oĺa'' "all, every, whole" which must precede a definite noun (unless abstract), e.g. ''oĺi eugiẑi'' "all the horses".
 ===Verbs===